TY - RPRT AU - Ahluwalia, Manjyot Bhan CY - Arlington, VA PB - Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES) PY - 2017 SP - 39 ST - The Business of Pricing Carbon: How Companies Are Pricing Carbon to Mitigate Risks and Prepare for a Low-Carbon Future TI - The Business of Pricing Carbon: How Companies Are Pricing Carbon to Mitigate Risks and Prepare for a Low-Carbon Future UR - https://www.c2es.org/site/assets/uploads/2017/09/business-pricing-carbon.pdf ID - 25211 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aldy, Joseph E. DA - 2017/11/02 DO - 10.1080/00963402.2017.1388673 IS - 6 PY - 2017 SN - 0096-3402 SP - 376-381 ST - Real world headwinds for Trump climate change policy T2 - Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists TI - Real world headwinds for Trump climate change policy VL - 73 ID - 25191 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In recent years, carbon capture and utilization (CCU) has been proposed as a potential technological solution to the problems of greenhouse‐gas emissions and the ever‐growing energy demand. To combat climate change and ocean acidification as a result of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, efforts have already been put forth to capture and sequester CO2 from large point sources, especially power plants; however, the utilization of CO2 as a feedstock to make valuable chemicals, materials, and transportation fuels is potentially more desirable and provides a better and long‐term solution than sequestration. The products of CO2 utilization can supplement or replace chemical feedstocks in the fine chemicals, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries. In this review, we first provide an overview of the current status of CO2‐capture technologies and their associated challenges and opportunities with respect to efficiency and economy followed by an overview of various carbon‐utilization approaches. The current status of combined CO2 capture and utilization, as a novel efficient and cost‐effective approach, is also briefly discussed. We summarize the main challenges associated with the design, development, and large‐scale deployment of CO2 capture and utilization processes to provide a perspective and roadmap for the development of new technologies and opportunities to accelerate their scale‐up in the near future. AU - Al‐Mamoori, Ahmed AU - Krishnamurthy, Anirudh AU - Rownaghi, Ali A. AU - Rezaei, Fateme DO - 10.1002/ente.201600747 IS - 6 PY - 2017 SP - 834-849 ST - Carbon capture and utilization update T2 - Energy Technology TI - Carbon capture and utilization update VL - 5 ID - 25192 ER - TY - RPRT AU - America's Pledge CY - New York, NY PB - Bloomberg Philanthropies PY - 2017 SP - 123 ST - America's Pledge Phase 1 Report: States, Cities, and Businesses in the United States Are Stepping Up on Climate Action TI - America's Pledge Phase 1 Report: States, Cities, and Businesses in the United States Are Stepping Up on Climate Action UR - https://www.bbhub.io/dotorg/sites/28/2017/11/AmericasPledgePhaseOneReportWeb.pdf ID - 25212 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Some rare heatwaves have extreme daily mortality impacts; moderate heatwaves have lower daily impacts but occur much more frequently at present and so account for large aggregated impacts. We applied health-based models to project trends in high-mortality heatwaves, including proportion of all heatwaves expected to be high-mortality, using the definition that a high-mortality heatwave increases mortality risk by ≥20 %. We projected these trends in 82 US communities in 2061–2080 under two scenarios of climate change (RCP4.5, RCP8.5), two scenarios of population change (SSP3, SSP5), and three scenarios of community adaptation to heat (none, lagged, on-pace) for large- and medium-ensemble versions of the National Center for Atmospheric Research’s Community Earth System Model. More high-mortality heatwaves were expected compared to present under all scenarios except on-pace adaptation, and population exposure was expected to increase under all scenarios. At least seven more high-mortality heatwaves were expected in a twenty-year period in the 82 study communities under RCP8.5 than RCP4.5 when assuming no adaptation. However, high-mortality heatwaves were expected to remain <1 % of all heatwaves and heatwave exposure under all scenarios. Projections were most strongly influenced by the adaptation scenario—going from a scenario of on-pace to lagged adaptation or from lagged to no adaptation more than doubled the projected number of and exposure to high-mortality heatwaves. Based on our results, fewer high-mortality heatwaves are expected when following RCP4.5 versus RCP8.5 and under higher levels of adaptation, but high-mortality heatwaves are expected to remain a very small proportion of total heatwave exposure. AU - Anderson, G. Brooke AU - Oleson, Keith W. AU - Jones, Bryan AU - Peng, Roger D. DA - August 30 DO - 10.1007/s10584-016-1779-x IS - 3-4 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 455-470 ST - Projected trends in high-mortality heatwaves under different scenarios of climate, population, and adaptation in 82 US communities T2 - Climatic Change TI - Projected trends in high-mortality heatwaves under different scenarios of climate, population, and adaptation in 82 US communities VL - 146 ID - 24145 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Anenberg, Susan C. AU - Weinberger, Kate R. AU - Roman, Henry AU - Neumann, James E. AU - Crimmins, Allison AU - Fann, Neal AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Kinney, Patrick L. DO - 10.1002/2017GH000055 IS - 3 KW - climate change aeroallergens asthma 1630 Impacts of global change 6304 Benefit-cost analysis 9350 North America PY - 2017 SN - 2471-1403 SP - 80-92 ST - Impacts of oak pollen on allergic asthma in the United States and potential influence of future climate change T2 - GeoHealth TI - Impacts of oak pollen on allergic asthma in the United States and potential influence of future climate change VL - 1 ID - 24278 ER - TY - JOUR AB - It has been suggested that climate change impacts on the electric sector will account for the majority of global economic damages by the end of the current century and beyond [Rose S, et al. (2014) Understanding the Social Cost of Carbon: A Technical Assessment]. The empirical literature has shown significant increases in climate-driven impacts on overall consumption, yet has not focused on the cost implications of the increased intensity and frequency of extreme events driving peak demand, which is the highest load observed in a period. We use comprehensive, high-frequency data at the level of load balancing authorities to parameterize the relationship between average or peak electricity demand and temperature for a major economy. Using statistical models, we analyze multiyear data from 166 load balancing authorities in the United States. We couple the estimated temperature response functions for total daily consumption and daily peak load with 18 downscaled global climate models (GCMs) to simulate climate change-driven impacts on both outcomes. We show moderate and heterogeneous changes in consumption, with an average increase of 2.8% by end of century. The results of our peak load simulations, however, suggest significant increases in the intensity and frequency of peak events throughout the United States, assuming today’s technology and electricity market fundamentals. As the electricity grid is built to endure maximum load, our findings have significant implications for the construction of costly peak generating capacity, suggesting additional peak capacity costs of up to 180 billion dollars by the end of the century under business-as-usual. AU - Auffhammer, Maximilian AU - Baylis, Patrick AU - Hausman, Catherine H. DA - February 21, 2017 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1613193114 IS - 8 PY - 2017 SP - 1886-1891 ST - Climate change is projected to have severe impacts on the frequency and intensity of peak electricity demand across the United States T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Climate change is projected to have severe impacts on the frequency and intensity of peak electricity demand across the United States VL - 114 ID - 21327 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Barbose, Galen L. CY - Berkeley, CA NV - LBNL-1005057 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory PY - 2016 ST - U.S. Renewables Portfolio Standards 2016 Annual Status Report TI - U.S. Renewables Portfolio Standards 2016 Annual Status Report UR - https://emp.lbl.gov/projects/renewables-portfolio/ ID - 24501 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change may constrain future electricity supply adequacy by reducing electric transmission capacity and increasing electricity demand. The carrying capacity of electric power cables decreases as ambient air temperatures rise; similarly, during the summer peak period, electricity loads typically increase with hotter air temperatures due to increased air conditioning usage. As atmospheric carbon concentrations increase, higher ambient air temperatures may strain power infrastructure by simultaneously reducing transmission capacity and increasing peak electricity load. We estimate the impacts of rising ambient air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak per-capita electricity load for 121 planning areas in the United States using downscaled global climate model projections. Together, these planning areas account for roughly 80% of current peak summertime load. We estimate climate-attributable capacity reductions to transmission lines by constructing thermal models of representative conductors, then forcing these models with future temperature projections to determine the percent change in rated ampacity. Next, we assess the impact of climate change on electricity load by using historical relationships between ambient temperature and utility-scale summertime peak load to estimate the extent to which climate change will incur additional peak load increases. We find that by mid-century (2040–2060), increases in ambient air temperature may reduce average summertime transmission capacity by 1.9%–5.8% relative to the 1990–2010 reference period. At the same time, peak per-capita summertime loads may rise by 4.2%–15% on average due to increases in ambient air temperature. In the absence of energy efficiency gains, demand-side management programs and transmission infrastructure upgrades, these load increases have the potential to upset current assumptions about future electricity supply adequacy. AU - Bartos, Matthew AU - Chester, Mikhail AU - Johnson, Nathan AU - Gorman, Brandon AU - Eisenberg, Daniel AU - Linkov, Igor AU - Bates, Matthew DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/11/114008 IS - 11 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 114008 ST - Impacts of rising air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak electricity load in the United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Impacts of rising air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak electricity load in the United States VL - 11 ID - 23662 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, higher temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and other climate change impacts have already begun to affect US agriculture and forestry, with impacts expected to become more substantial in the future. There have been numerous studies of climate change impacts on agriculture or forestry, but relatively little research examining the long-term net impacts of a stabilization scenario relative to a case with unabated climate change. We provide an analysis of the potential benefits of global climate change mitigation for US agriculture and forestry through 2100, accounting for landowner decisions regarding land use, crop mix, and management practices. The analytic approach involves a combination of climate models, a crop process model (EPIC), a dynamic vegetation model used for forests (MC1), and an economic model of the US forestry and agricultural sector (FASOM-GHG). We find substantial impacts on productivity, commodity markets, and consumer and producer welfare for the stabilization scenario relative to unabated climate change, though the magnitude and direction of impacts vary across regions and commodities. Although there is variability in welfare impacts across climate simulations, we find positive net benefits from stabilization in all cases, with cumulative impacts ranging from $32.7 billion to $54.5 billion over the period 2015–2100. Our estimates contribute to the literature on potential benefits of GHG mitigation and can help inform policy decisions weighing alternative mitigation and adaptation actions. AU - Beach, Robert H. AU - Cai, Yongxia AU - Thomson, Allison AU - Zhang, Xuesong AU - Jones, Russell AU - McCarl, Bruce A. AU - Crimmins, Allison AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Cole, Jefferson AU - Ohrel, Sara AU - DeAngelo, Benjamin AU - McFarland, James AU - Strzepek, Kenneth AU - Boehlert, Brent DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/095004 IS - 9 PY - 2015 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 095004 ST - Climate change impacts on US agriculture and forestry: Benefits of global climate stabilization T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Climate change impacts on US agriculture and forestry: Benefits of global climate stabilization VL - 10 ID - 23500 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Beard, Charles B. AU - Eisen, Rebecca J. AU - Barker, Christopher M. AU - Garofalo, Jada F. AU - Hahn, Micah AU - Hayden, Mary AU - Monaghan, Andrew J. AU - Ogden, Nicholas H. AU - Schramm, Paul J. C4 - dbfb7cd9-7c82-43ea-a4e2-9e2eb0b851fd CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0765C7V PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 129–156 ST - Ch. 5: Vector-borne diseases T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 5: Vector-borne diseases ID - 19377 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beaudin, Laura AU - Huang, Ju-Chin DA - 2014/10/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.07.011 KW - Discrete time survival analysis Market structure Climate change Weather conditions Tourism PY - 2014 SN - 0921-8009 SP - 56-68 ST - Weather conditions and outdoor recreation: A study of New England ski areas T2 - Ecological Economics TI - Weather conditions and outdoor recreation: A study of New England ski areas VL - 106 ID - 25193 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Biehl, Peter F. AU - Crate, Susan AU - Gardezi, Maaz AU - Hamilton, Lawrence AU - Harlan, Sharon L. AU - Hritz, Carrie AU - Hubbell, Bryan AU - Kohler, Timothy A. AU - Peterson, Nicole AU - Silva, Julie CY - Washington, DC PB - USGCRP PY - 2018 SP - 38 ST - Innovative Tools, Methods, and Analysis: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 3 TI - Innovative Tools, Methods, and Analysis: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 3 UR - https://www.globalchange.gov/content/social-science-perspectives-climate-change-workshop ID - 25885 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blanc, Elodie AU - Strzepek, Kenneth AU - Schlosser, Adam AU - Jacoby, Henry AU - Gueneau, Arthur AU - Fant, Charles AU - Rausch, Sebastian AU - Reilly, John DO - 10.1002/2013EF000214 IS - 4 KW - water requirements climate change water stress water resources United States integrated assessment 1655 Water cycles 1807 Climate impacts 1847 Modeling 1880 Water management 1857 Reservoirs (surface) PY - 2014 SN - 2328-4277 SP - 197-224 ST - Modeling U.S. water resources under climate change T2 - Earth's Future TI - Modeling U.S. water resources under climate change VL - 2 ID - 23504 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper analyzes the optimal mix of adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting, in which countries cooperate to achieve a long-term stabilization target (550 CO2-eq). It uses an Integrated Assessment Model (AD-WITCH) that describes the relationships between different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation and capacity building to analyze the optimal portfolio of adaptation measures. Results show that the optimal intertemporal distribution of climate policy measures is characterized by early investments in mitigation followed by large adaptation expenditures a few decades later. Hence, the possibility of adapting does not justify postponing mitigation. Moreover, a climate change policy combining mitigation and adaptation is less costly than mitigation alone. In this sense mitigation and adaptation are shown to be strategic complements rather than mutually exclusive. AU - Bosello, Francesco AU - Carraro, Carlo AU - De Cian, Enrica DB - Cambridge Core DO - 10.1017/S1355770X13000132 DP - Cambridge University Press ET - 2013/04/29 IS - 3 PY - 2013 SN - 1355-770X SP - 270-290 ST - Adaptation can help mitigation: An integrated approach to post-2012 climate policy T2 - Environment and Development Economics TI - Adaptation can help mitigation: An integrated approach to post-2012 climate policy VL - 18 ID - 24498 ER - TY - JOUR AB - During the last century, global climate has been warming, and projections indicate that such a warming is likely to continue over coming decades. Most of the extra heat is stored in the ocean, resulting in thermal expansion of seawater and global mean sea level rise. Previous studies have shown that after CO2 emissions cease or CO2 concentration is stabilized, global mean surface air temperature stabilizes or decreases slowly, but sea level continues to rise. Using idealized CO2 scenario simulations with a hierarchy of models including an AOGCM and a step-response model, the authors show how the evolution of thermal expansion can be interpreted in terms of the climate energy balance and the vertical profile of ocean warming. Whereas surface temperature depends on cumulative CO2 emissions, sea level rise due to thermal expansion depends on the time profile of emissions. Sea level rise is smaller for later emissions, implying that targets to limit sea level rise would need to refer to the rate of emissions, not only to the time integral. Thermal expansion is in principle reversible, but to halt or reverse it quickly requires the radiative forcing to be reduced substantially, which is possible on centennial time scales only by geoengineering. If it could be done, the results indicate that heat would leave the ocean more readily than it entered, but even if thermal expansion were returned to zero, the geographical pattern of sea level would be altered. Therefore, despite any aggressive CO2 mitigation, regional sea level change is inevitable. AU - Bouttes, N. AU - Gregory, J. M. AU - Lowe, J. A. DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00285.1 IS - 8 KW - Ocean dynamics,General circulation models PY - 2013 SP - 2502-2513 ST - The reversibility of sea level rise T2 - Journal of Climate TI - The reversibility of sea level rise VL - 26 ID - 25194 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Burakowski, Elizabeth AU - Magnusson, Matthew CY - New York PB - Natural Resources Defense Council PY - 2012 SP - 33 ST - Climate Impacts on the Winter Tourism Economy in the United States TI - Climate Impacts on the Winter Tourism Economy in the United States UR - https://www.nrdc.org/sites/default/files/climate-impacts-winter-tourism-report.pdf ID - 21879 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Burke, L. AU - Reytar, L. AU - Spalding, M. AU - Perry, A. C4 - 3d9112b9-6aa1-4614-9599-6966c9591ef9 CY - Washington, DC PB - World Resources Institute PY - 2011 SN - 978-1-56973-762-0 SP - 130 ST - Reefs at Risk Revisited TI - Reefs at Risk Revisited UR - http://pdf.wri.org/reefs_at_risk_revisited.pdf ID - 12760 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CAFF CY - Akureyri, Iceland N1 - ISBN: 978-9935-431-28-8 PB - Arctic Council, Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) PY - 2013 RP - ISBN: 978-9935-431-28-8 SP - 674 ST - Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Status and Trends in Arctic Biodiversity TI - Arctic Biodiversity Assessment: Status and Trends in Arctic Biodiversity UR - https://www.caff.is/assessment-series/233-arctic-biodiversity-assessment-2013/download ID - 26086 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - California Assembly CY - Sacramento, CA PY - 2016 TI - Assembly Bill No. 197 State Air Resources Board: Greenhouse gases: Regulations UR - https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billPdf.xhtml?bill_id=201520160AB197&version=20150AB19792CHP ID - 24502 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Capps, Shannon L. AU - Driscoll, Charles T. AU - Fakhraei, Habibollah AU - Templer, Pamela H. AU - Craig, Kenneth J. AU - Milford, Jana B. AU - Lambert, Kathleen F. DO - 10.1002/2016JD025141 IS - 24 KW - ozone cobenefits crops trees climate mitigation policy analysis 0414 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling 0402 Agricultural systems 0426 Biosphere/atmosphere interactions PY - 2016 SN - 2169-8996 SP - 14,679-14,690 ST - Estimating potential productivity cobenefits for crops and trees from reduced ozone with U.S. coal power plant carbon standards T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres TI - Estimating potential productivity cobenefits for crops and trees from reduced ozone with U.S. coal power plant carbon standards VL - 121 ID - 24497 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cayan, Daniel AU - Luers, Amy AU - Franco, Guido AU - Hanemann, Michael AU - Croes, Bart AU - Vine, Edward IS - 1 Suppl. PY - 2008 SN - 0165-0009 1573-1480 SP - 1-322 ST - California at a crossroads: Climate change science informing policy T2 - Climatic Change TI - California at a crossroads: Climate change science informing policy UR - https://link.springer.com/journal/10584/87/1/suppl/page/1 VL - 87 ID - 24506 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Cayan, Dan AU - Luers, Amy Lynd AU - Hanemann, Michael AU - Franco, Guido AU - Croes, Bart CY - Sacramento, CA NV - CEC-500-2005-186-SF PB - California Energy Commission PY - 2006 SP - 47 ST - Scenarios of Climate Change in California: An Overview T2 - A report from: California Climate Change Center TI - Scenarios of Climate Change in California: An Overview UR - http://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-500-2005-186/CEC-500-2005-186-SF.PDF ID - 24503 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Moser, Susanne AU - Franco, Guido AU - Hanemann, Michael AU - Jones, Myoung-Ae CY - The Netherlands PB - Springer PY - 2013 SN - 978-94-007-4014-3 978-94-007-4013-6 978-94-007-9198-5 SP - 554 ST - California Climate Scenarios Assessment T2 - Springer Atmospheric Sciences TI - California Climate Scenarios Assessment ID - 24505 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CBO CY - Washington, DC KW - added by ERG PB - Congressional Budget Office (CBO) PY - 2016 SP - 33 ST - Potential Increases in Hurricane Damage in the United States: Implications for the Federal Budget TI - Potential Increases in Hurricane Damage in the United States: Implications for the Federal Budget UR - https://www.cbo.gov/publication/51518 ID - 23081 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CDP CY - New York NV - CDP Report 2015 v.1.2 PB - CDP North America PY - 2015 SP - 66 ST - Putting a Price on Risk: Carbon Pricing in the Corporate World TI - Putting a Price on Risk: Carbon Pricing in the Corporate World UR - https://www.oceanfdn.org/sites/default/files/CDP%20Carbon%20Pricing%20in%20the%20corporate%20world.compressed.pdf ID - 24504 ER - TY - WEB AU - CDP CY - [worldwide] PB - CDP PY - 2017 ST - CDP web site TI - CDP web site UR - https://www.cdp.net/en ID - 24508 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chadburn, S. E. AU - Burke, E. J. AU - Cox, P. M. AU - Friedlingstein, P. AU - Hugelius, G. AU - Westermann, S. DA - 04/10/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate3262 M3 - Letter PY - 2017 SN - 1758-6798 SP - 340-344 ST - An observation-based constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - An observation-based constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming VL - 7 ID - 20787 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Challinor, A. J. AU - Watson, J. AU - Lobell, D. B. AU - Howden, S. M. AU - Smith, D. R. AU - Chhetri, N. DA - 04//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2153 IS - 4 M3 - Letter PY - 2014 SN - 1758-678X SP - 287-291 ST - A meta-analysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - A meta-analysis of crop yield under climate change and adaptation VL - 4 ID - 20341 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Field, C. B. A2 - Barros, V. R. A2 - Dokken, D. J. A2 - Mach, K. J. A2 - Mastrandrea, M. D. A2 - Bilir, T. E. A2 - Chatterjee, M. A2 - Ebi, K. L. A2 - Estrada, Y. O. A2 - Genova, R. C. A2 - Girma, B. A2 - Kissel, E. S. A2 - Levy, A. N. A2 - MacCracken, S. A2 - Mastrandrea, P. R. A2 - White, L. L. AU - Chambwera, M. AU - Heal, G. AU - Dubeux, C. AU - Hallegatte, S. AU - Leclerc, L. AU - Markandya, A. AU - McCarl, B. A. AU - Mechler, R. AU - Neumann, J. E. C4 - 76d1846f-82d5-454b-974b-9a51954a05da CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SE - 17 SP - 945-977 ST - Economics of adaptation T2 - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change TI - Economics of adaptation ID - 17673 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chang, Howard H. AU - Hao, Hua AU - Sarnat, Stefanie Ebelt DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.037 N1 - Ch3 PY - 2014 SN - 13522310 SP - 290-297 ST - A statistical modeling framework for projecting future ambient ozone and its health impact due to climate change T2 - Atmospheric Environment TI - A statistical modeling framework for projecting future ambient ozone and its health impact due to climate change VL - 89 ID - 16102 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chapra, Steven C. AU - Boehlert, Brent AU - Fant, Charles AU - Bierman, Victor J. AU - Henderson, Jim AU - Mills, David AU - Mas, Diane M. L. AU - Rennels, Lisa AU - Jantarasami, Lesley AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Strzepek, Kenneth M. AU - Paerl, Hans W. DA - 2017/08/15 DO - 10.1021/acs.est.7b01498 IS - 16 PY - 2017 SN - 0013-936X SP - 8933-8943 ST - Climate change impacts on harmful algal blooms in U.S. freshwaters: A screening-level assessment T2 - Environmental Science & Technology TI - Climate change impacts on harmful algal blooms in U.S. freshwaters: A screening-level assessment VL - 51 ID - 21473 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Gordon, Eric A2 - Ojima, Dennis AU - Childress, Amber AU - Gordon, Eric AU - Jedd, Theresa AU - Klein, Roberta AU - Lukas, Jeff AU - McKeown, Rebecca CY - Boulder, CO PB - University of Colorado Boulder PY - 2015 SP - 176 ST - Colorado Climate Change Vulnerability Study TI - Colorado Climate Change Vulnerability Study UR - http://wwa.colorado.edu/climate/co2015vulnerability/ ID - 25220 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cho, Sung Ju AU - McCarl, Bruce A. DA - 01/18/online DO - 10.1038/srep40845 M3 - Article PY - 2017 SP - 40845 ST - Climate change influences on crop mix shifts in the United States T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Climate change influences on crop mix shifts in the United States VL - 7 ID - 25195 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ciavarella, Andrew AU - Stott, Peter AU - Lowe, Jason DA - 04/03/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate3259 PY - 2017 SP - 326-330 ST - Early benefits of mitigation in risk of regional climate extremes T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Early benefits of mitigation in risk of regional climate extremes VL - 7 ID - 24507 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Clarke, L. AU - Edmonds, J. AU - Jacoby, H. AU - Pitcher, H. AU - Reilly, J AU - Richels, R. C6 - NCA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Biological & Environmental Research PY - 2007 SP - 154 ST - Scenarios of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Atmospheric Concentrations—US Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.1a. Sub-report 2.1A of Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.1 TI - Scenarios of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Atmospheric Concentrations—US Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.1a. Sub-report 2.1A of Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.1 UR - http://downloads.globalchange.gov/sap/sap2-1a/sap2-1a-final-all.pdf ID - 12947 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Edenhofer, O. A2 - Pichs-Madruga, R. A2 - Sokona, Y. A2 - Farahani, E. A2 - Kadner, S. A2 - Seyboth, K. A2 - Adler, A. A2 - Baum, I. A2 - Brunner, S. A2 - Eickemeier, P. A2 - Kriemann, B. A2 - Savolainen, J. A2 - Schlömer, S. A2 - Stechow, C. von A2 - Zwickel, T. A2 - Minx, J.C. AU - Clarke, L AU - Jiang, K AU - Akimoto, K AU - Babiker, M AU - Blanford, G AU - Fisher-Vanden, K AU - Hourcade, J-C AU - Krey, V AU - Kriegler, E AU - Löschel, A AU - McCollum, D AU - Paltsev, S AU - Rose, S AU - Shukla, PR AU - Tavoni, M AU - van der Zwaan, BCC AU - van Vuuren, D C4 - 2858760c-3d1c-4ab5-a93e-615021ffcf82 CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SE - 6 SP - 413-510 ST - Assessing transformation pathways T2 - Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Assessing transformation pathways UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/wg3/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter6.pdf ID - 20227 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Stocker, T.F. A2 - Qin, D. A2 - Plattner, G.-K. A2 - Tignor, M. A2 - Allen, S.K. A2 - Boschung, J. A2 - Nauels, A. A2 - Xia, Y. A2 - Bex, V. A2 - Midgley, P.M. AU - Collins, M. AU - Knutti, R. AU - Arblaster, J. AU - Dufresne, J.-L. AU - Fichefet, T. AU - Friedlingstein, P. AU - Gao, X. AU - Gutowski, W.J. AU - Johns, T. AU - Krinner, G. AU - Shongwe, M. AU - Tebaldi, C. AU - Weaver, A.J. AU - Wehner, M. C4 - b3bbc7b5-067e-4c23-8d9b-59faee21e58e CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2013 SE - 12 SN - ISBN 978-1-107-66182-0 SP - 1029–1136 ST - Long-term climate change: Projections, commitments and irreversibility T2 - Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Long-term climate change: Projections, commitments and irreversibility UR - http://www.climatechange2013.org/report/full-report/ ID - 16452 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cooley, S. R. AU - Doney, S. C. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/4/2/024007 IS - 024007 KW - fisheries; Marine; ocean acidification PY - 2009 SP - 8 ST - Anticipating ocean acidification’s economic consequences for commercial fisheries T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Anticipating ocean acidification’s economic consequences for commercial fisheries VL - 4 ID - 12987 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ocean acidification, the progressive change in ocean chemistry caused by uptake of atmospheric CO2, is likely to affect some marine resources negatively, including shellfish. The Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) supports one of the most economically important single-species commercial fisheries in the United States. Careful management appears to be the most powerful short-term factor affecting scallop populations, but in the coming decades scallops will be increasingly influenced by global environmental changes such as ocean warming and ocean acidification. In this paper, we describe an integrated assessment model (IAM) that numerically simulates oceanographic, population dynamic, and socioeconomic relationships for the U.S. commercial sea scallop fishery. Our primary goal is to enrich resource management deliberations by offering both short- and long-term insight into the system and generating detailed policy-relevant information about the relative effects of ocean acidification, temperature rise, fishing pressure, and socioeconomic factors on the fishery using a simplified model system. Starting with relationships and data used now for sea scallop fishery management, the model adds socioeconomic decision making based on static economic theory and includes ocean biogeochemical change resulting from CO2 emissions. The model skillfully reproduces scallop population dynamics, market dynamics, and seawater carbonate chemistry since 2000. It indicates sea scallop harvests could decline substantially by 2050 under RCP 8.5 CO2 emissions and current harvest rules, assuming that ocean acidification affects P. magellanicus by decreasing recruitment and slowing growth, and that ocean warming increases growth. Future work will explore different economic and management scenarios and test how potential impacts of ocean acidification on other scallop biological parameters may influence the social-ecological system. Future empirical work on the effect of ocean acidification on sea scallops is also needed. AU - Cooley, Sarah R. AU - Rheuban, Jennie E. AU - Hart, Deborah R. AU - Luu, Victoria AU - Glover, David M. AU - Hare, Jonathan A. AU - Doney, Scott C. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0124145 IS - 5 PY - 2015 SP - e0124145 ST - An integrated assessment model for helping the United States sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) fishery plan ahead for ocean acidification and warming T2 - PLOS ONE TI - An integrated assessment model for helping the United States sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) fishery plan ahead for ocean acidification and warming VL - 10 ID - 21846 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Melillo, Jerry M. A2 - Terese (T.C.) Richmond A2 - Yohe, Gary W. AU - Corell, Robert W. AU - Liverman, Diana AU - Dow, Kirstin AU - Ebi, Kristie L. AU - Kunkel, Kenneth AU - Mearns, Linda O. AU - Melillo, Jerry C4 - e837c4b1-917b-4daa-8af4-4307a843b559 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J03R0QR3 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2014 SP - 707-718 ST - Ch. 29: Research needs for climate and global change assessments T2 - Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment TI - Ch. 29: Research needs for climate and global change assessments UR - http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/research-needs ID - 12993 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cornford, S. L. AU - Martin, D. F. AU - Payne, A. J. AU - Ng, E. G. AU - Le Brocq, A. M. AU - Gladstone, R. M. AU - Edwards, T. L. AU - Shannon, S. R. AU - Agosta, C. AU - van den Broeke, M. R. AU - Hellmer, H. H. AU - Krinner, G. AU - Ligtenberg, S. R. M. AU - Timmermann, R. AU - Vaughan, D. G. DO - 10.5194/tc-9-1579-2015 IS - 4 N1 - TC PY - 2015 SN - 1994-0424 SP - 1579-1600 ST - Century-scale simulations of the response of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to a warming climate T2 - The Cryosphere TI - Century-scale simulations of the response of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to a warming climate VL - 9 ID - 25196 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dawson, J. AU - Scott, D. DA - 2013/04/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.tourman.2012.07.009 KW - Ski tourism Climate change Vulnerability Adaptation Management PY - 2013 SN - 0261-5177 SP - 244-254 ST - Managing for climate change in the alpine ski sector T2 - Tourism Management TI - Managing for climate change in the alpine ski sector VL - 35 ID - 21845 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - DeAngelo, B. AU - Edmonds, J. AU - Fahey, D.W. AU - Sanderson, B.M. C4 - b87babf4-a67d-4e2c-8a8d-a660b34aec3a CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0M32SZG PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 14 SP - 393-410 ST - Perspectives on climate change mitigation T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Perspectives on climate change mitigation ID - 21572 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Polar temperatures over the last several million years have, at times, been slightly warmer than today, yet global mean sea level has been 6–9 metres higher as recently as the Last Interglacial (130,000 to 115,000 years ago) and possibly higher during the Pliocene epoch (about three million years ago). In both cases the Antarctic ice sheet has been implicated as the primary contributor, hinting at its future vulnerability. Here we use a model coupling ice sheet and climate dynamics—including previously underappreciated processes linking atmospheric warming with hydrofracturing of buttressing ice shelves and structural collapse of marine-terminating ice cliffs—that is calibrated against Pliocene and Last Interglacial sea-level estimates and applied to future greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Antarctica has the potential to contribute more than a metre of sea-level rise by 2100 and more than 15 metres by 2500, if emissions continue unabated. In this case atmospheric warming will soon become the dominant driver of ice loss, but prolonged ocean warming will delay its recovery for thousands of years. AU - DeConto, Robert M. AU - Pollard, David DA - 03/31/print DO - 10.1038/nature17145 IS - 7596 M3 - Article PY - 2016 SN - 0028-0836 SP - 591-597 ST - Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise T2 - Nature TI - Contribution of Antarctica to past and future sea-level rise VL - 531 ID - 19404 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Field, C. B. A2 - Barros, V. R. A2 - Dokken, D. J. A2 - Mach, K. J. A2 - Mastrandrea, M. D. A2 - Bilir, T. E. A2 - Chatterjee, M. A2 - Ebi, K. L. A2 - Estrada, Y. O. A2 - Genova, R. C. A2 - Girma, B. A2 - Kissel, E. S. A2 - Levy, A. N. A2 - MacCracken, S. A2 - Mastrandrea, P. R. A2 - White, L. L. AU - Denton, F. AU - Wilbanks, T.J. AU - Abeysinghe, A.C. AU - Burton, I. AU - Gao, Q. AU - Lemos, M.C. AU - Masui, T. AU - O’Brien, K.L. AU - Warner, K. C4 - 9a458510-a1d5-481a-9e35-b5269a08924f CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SE - 20 SP - 1101-1131 ST - Climate-resilient pathways: Adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development T2 - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change TI - Climate-resilient pathways: Adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development ID - 24509 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Diaz, Delavane AU - Keller, Klaus DO - 10.1257/aer.p20161103 IS - 5 PY - 2016 SP - 607-611 ST - A potential disintegration of the West Antarctic ice sheet: Implications for economic analyses of climate policy T2 - American Economic Review TI - A potential disintegration of the West Antarctic ice sheet: Implications for economic analyses of climate policy VL - 106 ID - 24494 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Diaz, Delavane AU - Moore, Frances DA - 11/02/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate3411 M3 - Review Article PY - 2017 SP - 774-782 ST - Quantifying the economic risks of climate change T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Quantifying the economic risks of climate change VL - 7 ID - 24496 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Diaz, Delavane AU - Moore, Frances CY - Palo Alto, CA PB - EPRI PY - 2017 SN - Report #3002011885 SP - 34 ST - Valuing Potential Climate Impacts: A Review of Current Limitations and the Research Frontier TI - Valuing Potential Climate Impacts: A Review of Current Limitations and the Research Frontier UR - https://www.epri.com/#/pages/product/3002011885/ ID - 25213 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Coastal sector impacts from sea level rise (SLR) are a key component of the projected economic damages of climate change, a major input to decision-making and design of climate policy. Moreover, the ultimate global costs to coastal resources will depend strongly on adaptation, society’s response to cope with the local impacts. This paper presents a new open-source optimization model to assess global coastal impacts from SLR from the perspective of economic efficiency. The Coastal Impact and Adaptation Model (CIAM) determines the optimal strategy for adaptation at the local level, evaluating over 12,000 coastal segments, as described in the DIVA database (Vafeidis et al. 2006), based on their socioeconomic characteristics and the potential impacts of relative sea level rise and uncertain sea level extremes. A deterministic application of CIAM demonstrates the model’s ability to assess local impacts and direct costs, choose the least-cost adaptation, and estimate global net damages for several climate scenarios that account for both global and local components of SLR (Kopp et al. 2014). CIAM finds that there is large potential for coastal adaptation to reduce the expected impacts of SLR compared to the alternative of no adaptation, lowering global net present costs through 2100 by a factor of seven to less than $1.7 trillion, although this does not include initial transition costs to overcome an under-adapted current state. In addition to producing aggregate estimates, CIAM results can also be interpreted at the local level, where retreat (e.g., relocate inland) is often a more cost-effective adaptation strategy than protect (e.g., construct physical defenses). AU - Diaz, Delavane B. DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-016-1675-4 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 143-156 ST - Estimating global damages from sea level rise with the Coastal Impact and Adaptation Model (CIAM) T2 - Climatic Change TI - Estimating global damages from sea level rise with the Coastal Impact and Adaptation Model (CIAM) VL - 137 ID - 24495 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DOE CY - Washington, DC NV - DOE/EPSA-0008 PB - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) PY - 2017 ST - Transforming the Nation’s Electricity System: The Second Installment of the QER TI - Transforming the Nation’s Electricity System: The Second Installment of the QER UR - https://energy.gov/epsa/quadrennial-energy-review-second-installment ID - 21355 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DOE-EPSA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Policy and Systems Analysis (DOE-EPSA) PY - 2017 SP - 43 ST - Energy CO2 Emissions Impacts of Clean Energy Technology Innovation and Policy TI - Energy CO2 Emissions Impacts of Clean Energy Technology Innovation and Policy UR - https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2017/01/f34/Energy%20CO2%20Emissions%20Impacts%20of%20Clean%20Energy%20Technology%20Innovation%20and%20Policy.pdf ID - 25218 ER - TY - WEB AU - DSIRE CY - Raleigh, NC PB - NC State University, NC Clean Energy Technology Center PY - 2017 ST - Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) [online tool] TI - Database of State Incentives for Renewables & Efficiency (DSIRE) [online tool] UR - http://www.dsireusa.org/ ID - 24510 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EASAC CY - Halle, Germany N1 - ISBN: 978-3-8047-3841-6 PB - European Academies' Science Advisory Council (EASAC) PY - 2018 RP - ISBN: 978-3-8047-3841-6 SN - EASAC policy report 35 SP - 37 ST - Negative Emissions Technologies: What Role in Meeting Paris Agreement Targets? TI - Negative Emissions Technologies: What Role in Meeting Paris Agreement Targets? UR - https://easac.eu/publications/details/easac-net/ ID - 25216 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EIA PB - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) PY - 2018 SN - AEO2018 SP - 146 ST - Annual Energy Outlook 2018 TI - Annual Energy Outlook 2018 UR - https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/ ID - 25214 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Environment and Climate Change Canada CY - Gatineau, Quebec N1 - ISBN: 978-1-100-25244-5 NV - En14-202/2016E-PDF PB - Environment and Climate Change Canada PY - 2016 RP - ISBN: 978-1-100-25244-5 SP - various ST - Technical Update to Environment and Climate Change Canada's Social Cost of Greenhouse Gas Estimates TI - Technical Update to Environment and Climate Change Canada's Social Cost of Greenhouse Gas Estimates UR - http://publications.gc.ca/pub?id=9.629765&sl=0 ID - 24512 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency PY - 2000 (revised 2014) SN - EPA 240-R-00-003 SP - various ST - Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses TI - Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses UR - https://www.epa.gov/environmental-economics/guidelines-preparing-economic-analysis-2010-revised-2014 ID - 26085 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PY - 2013 SN - EPA/600/R-12/058F SP - various ST - Watershed Modeling to Assess the Sensitivity of Streamflow, Nutrient, and Sediment Loads to Potential Climate Change and Urban Development in 20 U.S. Watersheds (Final Report) TI - Watershed Modeling to Assess the Sensitivity of Streamflow, Nutrient, and Sediment Loads to Potential Climate Change and Urban Development in 20 U.S. Watersheds (Final Report) UR - https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/global/recordisplay.cfm?deid=256912 ID - 25219 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC NV - EPA 430-R-15-001 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Atmospheric Programs PY - 2015 SP - 93 ST - Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action TI - Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action UR - https://www.epa.gov/cira/downloads-cira-report ID - 21925 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC NV - EPA 430‐R‐17‐001 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PY - 2017 SP - 271 ST - Multi-Model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment TI - Multi-Model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment UR - https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_Report.cfm?dirEntryId=335095 ID - 21365 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PY - 2018 SN - EPA 430-P-18-001 SP - various ST - Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2016 TI - Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990–2016 UR - https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-01/documents/2018_complete_report.pdf ID - 25217 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPRI CY - Palo Alto PB - EPRI PY - 2015 SN - 3002005831 SP - 28 ST - CO2 Mitigation for Climate Risk Management TI - CO2 Mitigation for Climate Risk Management UR - https://www.epri.com/#/pages/product/000000003002005831/ ID - 25215 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Executive Office of the President CY - Washington, DC PB - The White House PY - 2016 SP - 110 ST - United States Mid-century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization TI - United States Mid-century Strategy for Deep Decarbonization UR - https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/mid_century_strategy_report-final.pdf ID - 24515 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Executive Office of the President CY - Washington, DC PB - The White House, Office of Management and Budget PY - 2016 SP - 34 ST - Climate change: Fiscal risks facing the federal government TI - Climate change: Fiscal risks facing the federal government UR - https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/reports/omb_climate_change_fiscal_risk_report.pdf ID - 24524 ER - TY - PRESS AU - Executive Office of the President CY - Washington, DC DA - June 1 PB - The White House PY - 2017 ST - Statement by President Trump on the Paris Climate Accord TI - Statement by President Trump on the Paris Climate Accord UR - https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/01/statement-president-trump-paris-climate-accord ID - 24513 ER - TY - PRESS AU - Executive Office of the President CY - Washington, DC DA - March 28 M1 - 5 PB - The White House PY - 2017 ST - Executive Order 13783: Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth TI - Executive Order 13783: Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth UR - https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/03/31/2017-06576/promoting-energy-independence-and-economic-growth ID - 24514 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Fann, Neal AU - Brennan, Terry AU - Dolwick, Patrick AU - Gamble, Janet L. AU - Ilacqua, Vito AU - Kolb, Laura AU - Nolte, Christopher G. AU - Spero, Tanya L. AU - Ziska, Lewis C4 - 5ec155e5-8b77-438f-afa9-fbcac4d27690 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0GQ6VP6 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 69–98 ST - Ch. 3: Air quality impacts T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 3: Air quality impacts ID - 19375 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fann, Neal AU - Nolte, Christopher G. AU - Dolwick, Patrick AU - Spero, Tanya L. AU - Curry Brown, Amanda AU - Phillips, Sharon AU - Anenberg, Susan DO - 10.1080/10962247.2014.996270 IS - 5 PY - 2015 SN - 1096-2247 2162-2906 SP - 570-580 ST - The geographic distribution and economic value of climate change-related ozone health impacts in the United States in 2030 T2 - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association TI - The geographic distribution and economic value of climate change-related ozone health impacts in the United States in 2030 VL - 65 ID - 16106 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fawcett, Allen A. AU - Iyer, Gokul C. AU - Clarke, Leon E. AU - Edmonds, James A. AU - Hultman, Nathan E. AU - McJeon, Haewon C. AU - Rogelj, Joeri AU - Schuler, Reed AU - Alsalam, Jameel AU - Asrar, Ghassem R. AU - Creason, Jared AU - Jeong, Minji AU - McFarland, James AU - Mundra, Anupriya AU - Shi, Wenjing DO - 10.1126/science.aad5761 IS - 6265 PY - 2015 SP - 1168-1169 ST - Can Paris pledges avert severe climate change? T2 - Science TI - Can Paris pledges avert severe climate change? VL - 350 ID - 20049 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Felgenhauer, Tyler AU - Webster, Mort DA - 2013/12/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.09.018 IS - 6 KW - Climate change policy Adaptation constructs Mitigation and adaptation portfolio Decision making under uncertainty PY - 2013 SN - 0959-3780 SP - 1556-1565 ST - Multiple adaptation types with mitigation: A framework for policy analysis T2 - Global Environmental Change TI - Multiple adaptation types with mitigation: A framework for policy analysis VL - 23 ID - 24493 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper offers a critical review of modeling practice in the field of integrated assessment of climate change and ways forward. Past efforts in integrated assessment have concentrated on developing baseline trajectories of emissions and mitigation scenario analyses. A key missing component in Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) is the representation of climate impacts and adaptation responses. In this paper, we identify key biases that are introduced when climate impacts and adaptation responses are omitted from the analysis and review the state of modeling studies that attempt to capture these feedbacks. A common problem in these IAM studies is the lack of connection with empirical studies. We therefore also review the state of the empirical work on climate impacts and identify ways that this connection could be improved. AU - Fisher-Vanden, Karen AU - Sue Wing, Ian AU - Lanzi, Elisa AU - Popp, David DA - April 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-012-0644-9 IS - 3 M3 - journal article PY - 2013 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 481-495 ST - Modeling climate change feedbacks and adaptation responses: Recent approaches and shortcomings T2 - Climatic Change TI - Modeling climate change feedbacks and adaptation responses: Recent approaches and shortcomings VL - 117 ID - 24491 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fiske, Shirley AU - Hubacek, Klaus AU - Jorgenson, Andrew AU - Li, Jia AU - McGovern, Tom AU - Rick, Torben AU - Schor, Juliet AU - Solecki, William AU - York, Richard AU - Zycherman, Ariela CY - Washington, DC PB - USGCRP PY - 2018 SP - 37 ST - Drivers and Responses: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 2 TI - Drivers and Responses: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 2 UR - https://www.globalchange.gov/content/social-science-perspectives-climate-change-workshop ID - 26084 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change will have far-reaching impacts on biodiversity, including increasing extinction rates. Current approaches to quantifying such impacts focus on measuring exposure to climatic change and largely ignore the biological differences between species that may significantly increase or reduce their vulnerability. To address this, we present a framework for assessing three dimensions of climate change vulnerability, namely sensitivity, exposure and adaptive capacity; this draws on species’ biological traits and their modeled exposure to projected climatic changes. In the largest such assessment to date, we applied this approach to each of the world’s birds, amphibians and corals (16,857 species). The resulting assessments identify the species with greatest relative vulnerability to climate change and the geographic areas in which they are concentrated, including the Amazon basin for amphibians and birds, and the central Indo-west Pacific (Coral Triangle) for corals. We found that high concentration areas for species with traits conferring highest sensitivity and lowest adaptive capacity differ from those of highly exposed species, and we identify areas where exposure-based assessments alone may over or under-estimate climate change impacts. We found that 608–851 bird (6–9%), 670–933 amphibian (11–15%), and 47–73 coral species (6–9%) are both highly climate change vulnerable and already threatened with extinction on the IUCN Red List. The remaining highly climate change vulnerable species represent new priorities for conservation. Fewer species are highly climate change vulnerable under lower IPCC SRES emissions scenarios, indicating that reducing greenhouse emissions will reduce climate change driven extinctions. Our study answers the growing call for a more biologically and ecologically inclusive approach to assessing climate change vulnerability. By facilitating independent assessment of the three dimensions of climate change vulnerability, our approach can be used to devise species and area-specific conservation interventions and indices. The priorities we identify will strengthen global strategies to mitigate climate change impacts. AU - Foden, Wendy B. AU - Butchart, Stuart H. M. AU - Stuart, Simon N. AU - Vié, Jean-Christophe AU - Akçakaya, H. Resit AU - Angulo, Ariadne AU - DeVantier, Lyndon M. AU - Gutsche, Alexander AU - Turak, Emre AU - Cao, Long AU - Donner, Simon D. AU - Katariya, Vineet AU - Bernard, Rodolphe AU - Holland, Robert A. AU - Hughes, Adrian F. AU - O’Hanlon, Susannah E. AU - Garnett, Stephen T. AU - Şekercioğlu, Çagan H. AU - Mace, Georgina M. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0065427 IS - 6 PY - 2013 SP - e65427 ST - Identifying the world's most climate change vulnerable species: A systematic trait-based assessment of all birds, amphibians and corals T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Identifying the world's most climate change vulnerable species: A systematic trait-based assessment of all birds, amphibians and corals VL - 8 ID - 24490 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Gamble, Janet L. AU - Balbus, John AU - Berger, Martha AU - Bouye, Karen AU - Campbell, Vince AU - Chief, Karletta AU - Conlon, Kathryn AU - Crimmins, Allison AU - Flanagan, Barry AU - Gonzalez-Maddux, Cristina AU - Hallisey, Elaine AU - Hutchins, Sonja AU - Jantarasami, Lesley AU - Khoury, Samar AU - Kiefer, Max AU - Kolling, Jessica AU - Lynn, Kathy AU - Manangan, Arie AU - McDonald, Marian AU - Morello-Frosch, Rachel AU - Redsteer, Margaret Hiza AU - Sheffield, Perry AU - Thigpen Tart, Kimberly AU - Watson, Joanna AU - Whyte, Kyle Powys AU - Wolkin, Amy Funk C4 - c76d7935-9da3-4c4b-9186-86dc658bcc74 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0Q81B0T PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 247–286 ST - Ch. 9: Populations of concern T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 9: Populations of concern ID - 19381 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ganopolski, A. AU - Winkelmann, R. AU - Schellnhuber, H. J. DA - 01/13/online DO - 10.1038/nature16494 PY - 2016 SP - 200-203 ST - Critical insolation–CO2 relation for diagnosing past and future glacial inception T2 - Nature TI - Critical insolation–CO2 relation for diagnosing past and future glacial inception VL - 529 ID - 24489 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Garcia-Menendez, Fernando AU - Saari, Rebecca K. AU - Monier, Erwan AU - Selin, Noelle E. DO - 10.1021/acs.est.5b01324 IS - 13 PY - 2015 SP - 7580-7588 ST - U.S. air quality and health benefits from avoided climate change under greenhouse gas mitigation T2 - Environmental Science & Technology TI - U.S. air quality and health benefits from avoided climate change under greenhouse gas mitigation VL - 49 ID - 19310 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Stabilizing global temperature will require a shift to renewable or nuclear power from fossil power and the large-scale deployment of CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) for remaining fossil fuel use. Non-climate co-benefits of low-carbon energy technologies, especially reduced mortalities from air pollution and decreased ecosystem damage, have been important arguments for policies to reduce CO 2 emissions. Taking into account a wide range of environmental mechanisms and the complex interactions of the supply chains of different technologies, we conducted the first life cycle assessment of potential human health and ecological impacts of a global low-carbon electricity scenario. Our assessment indicates strong human health benefits of low-carbon electricity. For ecosystem quality, there is a significant trade-off between reduced pollution and climate impacts and potentially significant ecological impacts from land use associated with increased biopower utilization. Other renewables, nuclear power and CCS show clear ecological benefits, so that the climate mitigation scenario with a relatively low share of biopower has lower ecosystem impacts than the baseline scenario. Energy policy can maximize co-benefits by supporting other renewable and nuclear power and developing biomass supply from sources with low biodiversity impact. AU - Gibon, Thomas AU - Hertwich, Edgar G. AU - Arvesen, Anders AU - Singh, Bhawna AU - Verones, Francesca DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa6047 IS - 3 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 034023 ST - Health benefits, ecological threats of low-carbon electricity T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Health benefits, ecological threats of low-carbon electricity VL - 12 ID - 24488 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Golub, Alexander AU - Lubowski, Ruben AU - Piris-Cabezas, Pedro DA - 2017/08/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.013 KW - Carbon market Climate policy Deforestation Emissions trading Options trading REDD+ Uncertainty PY - 2017 SN - 0921-8009 SP - 90-98 ST - Balancing Risks from Climate Policy Uncertainties: The Role of Options and Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation T2 - Ecological Economics TI - Balancing Risks from Climate Policy Uncertainties: The Role of Options and Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation VL - 138 ID - 25197 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hadka, David AU - Herman, Jonathan AU - Reed, Patrick AU - Keller, Klaus DA - 2015/12/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.07.014 KW - Robust decision making Deep uncertainty Threshold Scenario discovery Risk assessment Robustness PY - 2015 SN - 1364-8152 SP - 114-129 ST - An open source framework for many-objective robust decision making T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software TI - An open source framework for many-objective robust decision making VL - 74 ID - 24487 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hallegatte, Stéphane DA - 2009/05/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.12.003 IS - 2 KW - Climate change Adaptation Uncertainty PY - 2009 SN - 0959-3780 SP - 240-247 ST - Strategies to adapt to an uncertain climate change T2 - Global Environmental Change TI - Strategies to adapt to an uncertain climate change VL - 19 ID - 24182 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hardy, Dean AU - Lazrus, Heather AU - Mendez, Michael AU - Orlove, Ben AU - Rivera-Collazo, Isabel AU - Roberts, J. Timmons AU - Rockman, Marcy AU - Thomas, Kimberley AU - Warner, Benjamin P. AU - Winthrop, Robert CY - Washington, DC PB - USGCRP PY - 2018 SP - 38 ST - Social Vulnerability: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 1 TI - Social Vulnerability: Social Science Perspectives on Climate Change, Part 1 UR - https://www.globalchange.gov/content/social-science-perspectives-climate-change-workshop ID - 26083 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Hayhoe, K. AU - Edmonds, J. AU - Kopp, R.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. AU - Sanderson, B.M. AU - Wehner, M.F. AU - Wuebbles, D.J. C4 - 9c909a77-a1d9-477d-82fc-468a6b1af771 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0WH2N54 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 4 SP - 133-160 ST - Climate models, scenarios, and projections T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Climate models, scenarios, and projections ID - 21562 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Under the Paris Agreement, 195 nations have committed to holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and to strive to limit the increase to 1.5 °C (ref. 1 ). It is noted that this requires "a balance between anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases in the second half of the century" 1 . This either calls for zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions or a balance between positive and negative emissions (NE)2,3. Roadmaps and socio-economic scenarios compatible with a 2 °C or 1.5 °C goal depend upon NE via bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) to balance remaining GHG emissions4–7. However, large-scale deployment of BECCS would imply significant impacts on many Earth system components besides atmospheric CO2 concentrations8,9. Here we explore the feasibility of NE via BECCS from dedicated plantations and potential trade-offs with planetary boundaries (PBs)10,11 for multiple socio-economic pathways. We show that while large-scale BECCS is intended to lower the pressure on the PB for climate change, it would most likely steer the Earth system closer to the PB for freshwater use and lead to further transgression of the PBs for land-system change, biosphere integrity and biogeochemical flows. AU - Heck, Vera AU - Gerten, Dieter AU - Lucht, Wolfgang AU - Popp, Alexander DA - 2018/02/01 DO - 10.1038/s41558-017-0064-y IS - 2 PY - 2018 SN - 1758-6798 SP - 151-155 ST - Biomass-based negative emissions difficult to reconcile with planetary boundaries T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Biomass-based negative emissions difficult to reconcile with planetary boundaries VL - 8 ID - 25198 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Heeter, Jenny AU - Cook, Jeffrey J. AU - Bird, Lori CY - Golden, CO PB - National Renewable Energy Laboratory PY - 2017 SN - NREL/TP-6A20-69080 SP - 43 ST - Charting the Emergence of Corporate Procurement of Utility-Scale PV TI - Charting the Emergence of Corporate Procurement of Utility-Scale PV UR - https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/69080.pdf ID - 25221 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There is evidence that warming leads to greater evapotranspiration and surface drying, thus contributing to increasing intensity and duration of drought and implying that mitigation would reduce water stresses. However, understanding the overall impact of climate change mitigation on water resources requires accounting for the second part of the equation, i.e., the impact of mitigation-induced changes in water demands from human activities. By using integrated, high-resolution models of human and natural system processes to understand potential synergies and/or constraints within the climate–energy–water nexus, we show that in the United States, over the course of the 21st century and under one set of consistent socioeconomics, the reductions in water stress from slower rates of climate change resulting from emission mitigation are overwhelmed by the increased water stress from the emissions mitigation itself. The finding that the human dimension outpaces the benefits from mitigating climate change is contradictory to the general perception that climate change mitigation improves water conditions. This research shows the potential for unintended and negative consequences of climate change mitigation. AU - Hejazi, Mohamad I. AU - Voisin, Nathalie AU - Liu, Lu AU - Bramer, Lisa M. AU - Fortin, Daniel C. AU - Hathaway, John E. AU - Huang, Maoyi AU - Kyle, Page AU - Leung, L. Ruby AU - Li, Hong-Yi AU - Liu, Ying AU - Patel, Pralit L. AU - Pulsipher, Trenton C. AU - Rice, Jennie S. AU - Tesfa, Teklu K. AU - Vernon, Chris R. AU - Zhou, Yuyu DA - August 25, 2015 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1421675112 IS - 34 PY - 2015 SP - 10635-10640 ST - 21st century United States emissions mitigation could increase water stress more than the climate change it is mitigating T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - 21st century United States emissions mitigation could increase water stress more than the climate change it is mitigating VL - 112 ID - 24486 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Horton, Radley H. AU - Bader, Daniel A. AU - Rosenzweig, Cynthia AU - DeGaetano, Arthur T. AU - Solecki, William CY - Albany, NY N1 - ISBN: 978-1-936842-08-7 NV - NYSERDA Report 14-26 PB - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) PY - 2014 RP - ISBN: 978-1-936842-08-7 SP - 17 ST - Climate Change in New York State. Updating the 2011 ClimAID Climate Risk Information, Supplement to NYSERDA Report 11-18 TI - Climate Change in New York State. Updating the 2011 ClimAID Climate Risk Information, Supplement to NYSERDA Report 11-18 UR - https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/-/media/Files/Publications/Research/Environmental/ClimAID/2014-ClimAid-Report.pdf ID - 24516 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Houser, Trevor AU - Hsiang, Solomon AU - Kopp, Robert AU - Larsen, Kate AU - Delgado, Michael AU - Jina, Amir AU - Mastrandrea, Michael AU - Mohan, Shashank AU - Muir-Wood, Robert AU - Rasmussen, D. J. AU - Rising, James AU - Wilson, Paul C4 - 9f559c9b-c78e-4593-bcbe-f07661d29e16 CY - New York PB - Columbia University Press PY - 2015 SN - 023117456X 978-0231174565 SP - 384 ST - Economic Risks of Climate Change: An American Prospectus TI - Economic Risks of Climate Change: An American Prospectus ID - 25465 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Episodes of severe weather in the United States, such as the present abundance of rainfall in California, are brandished as tangible evidence of the future costs of current climate trends. Hsiang et al. collected national data documenting the responses in six economic sectors to short-term weather fluctuations. These data were integrated with probabilistic distributions from a set of global climate models and used to estimate future costs during the remainder of this century across a range of scenarios (see the Perspective by Pizer). In terms of overall effects on gross domestic product, the authors predict negative impacts in the southern United States and positive impacts in some parts of the Pacific Northwest and New England.Science, this issue p. 1362; see also p. 1330Estimates of climate change damage are central to the design of climate policies. Here, we develop a flexible architecture for computing damages that integrates climate science, econometric analyses, and process models. We use this approach to construct spatially explicit, probabilistic, and empirically derived estimates of economic damage in the United States from climate change. The combined value of market and nonmarket damage across analyzed sectors—agriculture, crime, coastal storms, energy, human mortality, and labor—increases quadratically in global mean temperature, costing roughly 1.2% of gross domestic product per +1°C on average. Importantly, risk is distributed unequally across locations, generating a large transfer of value northward and westward that increases economic inequality. By the late 21st century, the poorest third of counties are projected to experience damages between 2 and 20% of county income (90% chance) under business-as-usual emissions (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5). AU - Hsiang, Solomon AU - Kopp, Robert AU - Jina, Amir AU - Rising, James AU - Delgado, Michael AU - Mohan, Shashank AU - Rasmussen, D. J. AU - Muir-Wood, Robert AU - Wilson, Paul AU - Oppenheimer, Michael AU - Larsen, Kate AU - Houser, Trevor DO - 10.1126/science.aal4369 IS - 6345 PY - 2017 SP - 1362-1369 ST - Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States T2 - Science TI - Estimating economic damage from climate change in the United States VL - 356 ID - 23965 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huber, V. AU - Schellnhuber, H. J. AU - Arnell, N. W. AU - Frieler, K. AU - Friend, A. D. AU - Gerten, D. AU - Haddeland, I. AU - Kabat, P. AU - Lotze-Campen, H. AU - Lucht, W. AU - Parry, M. AU - Piontek, F. AU - Rosenzweig, C. AU - Schewe, J. AU - Warszawski, L. DO - 10.5194/esd-5-399-2014 IS - 2 N1 - ESD PY - 2014 SN - 2190-4987 SP - 399-408 ST - Climate impact research: Beyond patchwork T2 - Earth System Dynamics TI - Climate impact research: Beyond patchwork VL - 5 ID - 24485 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Core Writing Team A2 - Pachauri, R.K. A2 - Meyer, L.A. AU - IPCC C4 - c9d08967-b28b-4297-8756-1a50f2d27598 CY - Geneva PB - IPCC PY - 2014 SP - 117-130 ST - Annex II: Glossary [Mach, K.J., S. Planton and C. von Stechow (eds.)] T2 - Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Annex II: Glossary [Mach, K.J., S. Planton and C. von Stechow (eds.)] UR - https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/AR5_SYR_FINAL_Glossary.pdf ID - 25223 ER - TY - RPRT AU - IWGSCC CY - Washington, DC PB - Interagency Working Group on Social Cost of Carbon (IWGSCC) PY - 2010 SP - 50 ST - Technical Support Document: Social Cost of Carbon for Regulatory Impact Analysis Under Executive Order 12866 TI - Technical Support Document: Social Cost of Carbon for Regulatory Impact Analysis Under Executive Order 12866 UR - https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-12/documents/scc_tsd_2010.pdf ID - 26143 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Tidal floods (i.e., “nuisance” flooding) are occurring more often during seasonal high tides or minor wind events, and the frequency is expected to increase dramatically in the coming decades. During these flood events, coastal communities’ roads are often impassable or difficult to pass, thus impacting routine transport needs. This study identifies vulnerable roads and quantifies the risk from nuisance flooding in the Eastern United States by combining public road information from the Federal Highway Administration’s Highway Performance Monitoring System with flood frequency maps, tidal gauge historic observations, and future projections of annual minor tidal flood frequencies and durations. The results indicate that tidal nuisance flooding across the East Coast threatens 7508 miles (12,083 km) of roadways including over 400 miles (644 km) of interstate roadways. From 1996–2005 to 2006–2015, there was a 90% average increase in nuisance floods. With sea level rise, nuisance-flood frequency is projected to grow at all locations assessed. The total induced vehicle-hours of delay due to nuisance flooding currently exceed 100 million hours annually. Nearly 160 million vehicle-hours of delay across the East Coast by 2020 (85% increase from 2010); 1.2 billion vehicle-hours by 2060 (126% increase from 2010); and 3.4 billion vehicle-hours by 2100 (392% increase from 2010) are projected under an intermediate low sea-level-rise scenario. By 2056–2065, nuisance flooding could occur almost daily at sites in Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, the District of Columbia, North Carolina, and Florida under an intermediate sea-level-rise scenario. AU - Jacobs, Jennifer M. AU - Cattaneo, Lia R. AU - Sweet, William AU - Mansfield, Theodore DO - 10.1177/0361198118756366 PY - 2018 ST - Recent and future outlooks for nuisance flooding impacts on roadways on the US East Coast T2 - Transportation Research Record TI - Recent and future outlooks for nuisance flooding impacts on roadways on the US East Coast ID - 26046 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Melillo, Jerry M. A2 - Terese (T.C.) Richmond A2 - Yohe, Gary W. AU - Jacoby, Henry D. AU - Janetos, Anthony C. AU - Birdsey, Richard AU - Buizer, James AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - de la Chesnaye, Francisco AU - Schimel, David AU - Sue Wing, Ian AU - Detchon, Reid AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Russell, Lynn AU - West, Jason C4 - 57167935-c092-4b76-be4d-56ffbc0402e1 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0C8276J PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2014 SP - 648-669 ST - Ch. 27: Mitigation T2 - Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment TI - Ch. 27: Mitigation UR - http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/mitigation ID - 8671 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jewell, Jessica AU - Cherp, Aleh AU - Riahi, Keywan DA - 2014/02/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.10.051 KW - Energy security Climate change Indicators PY - 2014 SN - 0301-4215 SP - 743-760 ST - Energy security under de-carbonization scenarios: An assessment framework and evaluation under different technology and policy choices T2 - Energy Policy TI - Energy security under de-carbonization scenarios: An assessment framework and evaluation under different technology and policy choices VL - 65 ID - 24484 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) is particularly vulnerable to ocean warming-induced collapse. The Thwaites Glacier of West Antarctica is one of the largest WAIS regional contributors to sea level rise, and has been considered to be potentially unstable for many years. Joughin et al. (p. 735) used a combination of a numerical model and observations of its recent geometry and movement to investigate the stability of the Thwaites Glacier. The glacier has already entered the early stages of collapse, and rapid and irreversible collapse is likely in the next 200 to 1000 years. Resting atop a deep marine basin, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet has long been considered prone to instability. Using a numerical model, we investigated the sensitivity of Thwaites Glacier to ocean melt and whether its unstable retreat is already under way. Our model reproduces observed losses when forced with ocean melt comparable to estimates. Simulated losses are moderate (<0.25 mm per year at sea level) over the 21st century but generally increase thereafter. Except possibly for the lowest-melt scenario, the simulations indicate that early-stage collapse has begun. Less certain is the time scale, with the onset of rapid (>1 mm per year of sea-level rise) collapse in the different simulations within the range of 200 to 900 years.%U http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/344/6185/735.full.pdf AU - Joughin, Ian AU - Smith, Benjamin E. AU - Medley, Brooke DO - 10.1126/science.1249055 IS - 6185 PY - 2014 SP - 735-738 ST - Marine ice sheet collapse potentially under way for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica T2 - Science TI - Marine ice sheet collapse potentially under way for the Thwaites Glacier Basin, West Antarctica VL - 344 ID - 19426 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Cover crops have long been touted for their ability to reduce erosion, fix atmospheric nitrogen, reduce nitrogen leaching, and improve soil health. In recent decades, there has been resurgence in cover crop adoption that is synchronous with a heightened awareness of climate change. Climate change mitigation and adaptation may be additional, important ecosystem services provided by cover crops, but they lie outside of the traditional list of cover cropping benefits. Here, we review the potential for cover crops to mitigate climate change by tallying all of the positive and negative impacts of cover crops on the net global warming potential of agricultural fields. Then, we use lessons learned from two contrasting regions to evaluate how cover crops affect adaptive management for precipitation and temperature change. Three key outcomes from this synthesis are (1) Cover crop effects on greenhouse gas fluxes typically mitigate warming by ~100 to 150 g CO2 e/m2/year, which is higher than mitigation from transitioning to no-till. The most important terms in the budget are soil carbon sequestration and reduced fertilizer use after legume cover crops. (2) The surface albedo change due to cover cropping, calculated for the first time here using case study sites in central Spain and Pennsylvania, USA, may mitigate 12 to 46 g CO2 e/m2/year over a 100-year time horizon. And (3) Cover crop management can also enable climate change adaptation at these case study sites, especially through reduced vulnerability to erosion from extreme rain events, increased soil water management options during droughts or periods of soil saturation, and retention of nitrogen mineralized due to warming. Overall, we found very few tradeoffs between cover cropping and climate change mitigation and adaptation, suggesting that ecosystem services that are traditionally expected from cover cropping can be promoted synergistically with services related to climate change. AU - Kaye, Jason P. AU - Quemada, Miguel DA - January 19 DO - 10.1007/s13593-016-0410-x IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1773-0155 SP - 4 ST - Using cover crops to mitigate and adapt to climate change. A review T2 - Agronomy for Sustainable Development TI - Using cover crops to mitigate and adapt to climate change. A review VL - 37 ID - 23545 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kingsley, Samantha L. AU - Eliot, Melissa N. AU - Gold, Julia AU - Vanderslice, Robert R. AU - Wellenius, Gregory A. DO - 10.1289/ehp.1408826 IS - 4 PY - 2016 SP - 460-467 ST - Current and projected heat-related morbidity and mortality in Rhode Island T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Current and projected heat-related morbidity and mortality in Rhode Island VL - 124 ID - 21760 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Field, C. B. A2 - Barros, V. R. A2 - Dokken, D. J. A2 - Mach, K. J. A2 - Mastrandrea, M. D. A2 - Bilir, T. E. A2 - Chatterjee, M. A2 - Ebi, K. L. A2 - Estrada, Y. O. A2 - Genova, R. C. A2 - Girma, B. A2 - Kissel, E. S. A2 - Levy, A. N. A2 - MacCracken, S. A2 - Mastrandrea, P. R. A2 - White, L. L. AU - Klein, R. J. T. AU - Midgley, G. F. AU - Preston, B. L. AU - Alam, M. AU - Berkhout, F. G. H. AU - Dow, K. AU - Shaw, M. R. C4 - 6f504af2-a3a0-46c3-a8bd-9f5f266bd5bf CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SE - 16 SP - 899-943 ST - Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits T2 - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change TI - Adaptation opportunities, constraints, and limits ID - 17687 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Knutson, T. AU - Kossin, J.P. AU - Mears, C. AU - Perlwitz, J. AU - Wehner, M.F. C4 - 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J01834ND PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 3 SP - 114-132 ST - Detection and attribution of climate change T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Detection and attribution of climate change ID - 21561 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mechanisms such as ice‐shelf hydrofracturing and ice‐cliff collapse may rapidly increase discharge from marine‐based ice sheets. Here, we link a probabilistic framework for sea‐level projections to a small ensemble of Antarctic ice‐sheet (AIS) simulations incorporating these physical processes to explore their influence on global‐mean sea‐level (GMSL) and relative sea‐level (RSL). We compare the new projections to past results using expert assessment and structured expert elicitation about AIS changes. Under high greenhouse gas emissions (Representative Concentration Pathway [RCP] 8.5), median projected 21st century GMSL rise increases from 79 to 146 cm. Without protective measures, revised median RSL projections would by 2100 submerge land currently home to 153 million people, an increase of 44 million. The use of a physical model, rather than simple parameterizations assuming constant acceleration of ice loss, increases forcing sensitivity: overlap between the central 90% of simulations for 2100 for RCP 8.5 (93–243 cm) and RCP 2.6 (26–98 cm) is minimal. By 2300, the gap between median GMSL estimates for RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6 reaches >10 m, with median RSL projections for RCP 8.5 jeopardizing land now occupied by 950 million people (versus 167 million for RCP 2.6). The minimal correlation between the contribution of AIS to GMSL by 2050 and that in 2100 and beyond implies current sea‐level observations cannot exclude future extreme outcomes. The sensitivity of post‐2050 projections to deeply uncertain physics highlights the need for robust decision and adaptive management frameworks. AU - Kopp, Robert E. AU - DeConto, Robert M. AU - Bader, Daniel A. AU - Hay, Carling C. AU - Horton, Radley M. AU - Kulp, Scott AU - Oppenheimer, Michael AU - Pollard, David AU - Strauss, Benjamin H. DO - 10.1002/2017EF000663 IS - 12 PY - 2017 SP - 1217-1233 ST - Evolving understanding of Antarctic ice‐sheet physics and ambiguity in probabilistic sea‐level projections T2 - Earth's Future TI - Evolving understanding of Antarctic ice‐sheet physics and ambiguity in probabilistic sea‐level projections VL - 5 ID - 25200 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Kopp, R.E. AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Hall, T. AU - Hayhoe, K. AU - Horton, R. AU - Kunkel, K.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. C4 - 6b87bc9c-d8f5-438a-9693-7b33324f4c22 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0GB227J PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 15 SP - 411-429 ST - Potential surprises—Compound extremes and tipping elements T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Potential surprises—Compound extremes and tipping elements ID - 21573 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kopp, Robert E. AU - Horton, Radley M. AU - Little, Christopher M. AU - Mitrovica, Jerry X. AU - Oppenheimer, Michael AU - Rasmussen, D. J. AU - Strauss, Benjamin H. AU - Tebaldi, Claudia DO - 10.1002/2014EF000239 IS - 8 KW - sea level coastal flooding climate change risk analysis uncertainty quantification 1641 Sea level change 1821 Floods PY - 2014 SN - 2328-4277 SP - 383-406 ST - Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea-level projections at a global network of tide-gauge sites T2 - Earth’s Future TI - Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea-level projections at a global network of tide-gauge sites VL - 2 ID - 19430 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kopp, Robert E. AU - Shwom, Rachael L. AU - Wagner, Gernot AU - Yuan, Jiacan DO - 10.1002/2016EF000362 KW - climate change climate damages integrated assessment tipping points tipping elements 1630 Impacts of global change 1605 Abrupt/rapid climate change 4321 Climate impact 4328 Risk 8488 Volcanic hazards and risks PY - 2016 SN - 2328-4277 SP - 346-372 ST - Tipping elements and climate–economic shocks: Pathways toward integrated assessment T2 - Earth’s Future TI - Tipping elements and climate–economic shocks: Pathways toward integrated assessment VL - 4 ID - 20105 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kruger, Joseph A. CY - Washington, DC PB - Resources for the Future PY - 2017 SP - 14 ST - Hedging an Uncertain Future: Internal Carbon Prices in the Electric Power Sector TI - Hedging an Uncertain Future: Internal Carbon Prices in the Electric Power Sector UR - http://www.rff.org/research/publications/hedging-uncertain-future-internal-carbon-prices-electric-power-sector ID - 24519 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The biological and economic values of coral reefs are highly vulnerable to increasing atmospheric and ocean carbon dioxide concentrations. We applied the COMBO simulation model (COral Mortality and Bleaching Output) to three major U.S. locations for shallow water reefs: South Florida, Puerto Rico, and Hawaii. We compared estimates of future coral cover from 2000 to 2100 for a “business as usual” (BAU) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions scenario with a GHG mitigation policy scenario involving full international participation in reducing GHG emissions. We also calculated the economic value of changes in coral cover using a benefit transfer approach based on published studies of consumers' recreational values for snorkeling and diving on coral reefs as well as existence values for coral reefs. Our results suggest that a reduced emissions scenario would provide a large benefit to shallow water reefs in Hawaii by delaying or avoiding potential future bleaching events. For Hawaii, reducing emissions is projected to result in an estimated “avoided loss” from 2000 to 2100 of approximately $10.6 billion in recreational use values compared to a BAU scenario. However, reducing emissions is projected to provide only a minor economic benefit in Puerto Rico and South Florida, where sea-surface temperatures are already close to bleaching thresholds and coral cover is projected to drop well below 5% cover under both scenarios by 2050, and below 1% cover under both scenarios by 2100. AU - Lane, Diana R. AU - Ready, Richard C. AU - Buddemeier, Robert W. AU - Martinich, Jeremy A. AU - Shouse, Kate Cardamone AU - Wobus, Cameron W. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0082579 IS - 12 PY - 2013 SP - e82579 ST - Quantifying and valuing potential climate change impacts on coral reefs in the United States: Comparison of two scenarios T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Quantifying and valuing potential climate change impacts on coral reefs in the United States: Comparison of two scenarios VL - 8 ID - 24344 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Larkin, Alice AU - Kuriakose, Jaise AU - Sharmina, Maria AU - Anderson, Kevin DA - 2018/07/03 DO - 10.1080/14693062.2017.1346498 IS - 6 PY - 2018 SN - 1469-3062 SP - 690-714 ST - What if negative emission technologies fail at scale? Implications of the Paris Agreement for big emitting nations T2 - Climate Policy TI - What if negative emission technologies fail at scale? Implications of the Paris Agreement for big emitting nations VL - 18 ID - 26082 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Larsen, Kate AU - Larsen, John AU - Herndon, Whitney AU - Mohan, Shashank AU - Houser, Trevor CY - New York, NY PB - Rhodium Group PY - 2017 SP - 10 ST - Taking Stock 2017: Adjusting Expectations for US Greenhouse Gas Emissions TI - Taking Stock 2017: Adjusting Expectations for US Greenhouse Gas Emissions UR - https://rhg.com/research/taking-stock-2017-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions/ ID - 25224 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Larsen, Peter H. AU - Boehlert, Brent AU - Eto, Joseph H. AU - Hamachi-LaCommare, Kristina AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Rennels, Lisa CY - Berkeley, CA NV - LBNL- 1007027 PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory PY - 2017 SP - 45 ST - Projecting Future Costs to U.S. Electric Utility Customers From Power Interruptions TI - Projecting Future Costs to U.S. Electric Utility Customers From Power Interruptions UR - https://emp.lbl.gov/publications/projecting-future-costs-us-electric ID - 24520 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The potential for break-up of Antarctic ice shelves by hydrofracturing and following ice cliff instability might be important for future ice dynamics. One recent study suggests that the Antarctic ice sheet could lose a lot more mass during the 21st century than previously thought. This increased mass-loss is found to strongly depend on the emission scenario and thereby on global temperature change. We investigate the impact of this new information on high-end global sea level rise projections by developing a probabilistic process-based method. It is shown that uncertainties in the projections increase when including the temperature dependence of Antarctic mass loss and the uncertainty in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) model ensemble. Including these new uncertainties we provide probability density functions for the high-end distribution of total global mean sea level in 2100 conditional on emission scenario. These projections provide a probabilistic context to previous extreme sea level scenarios developed for adaptation purposes. AU - Le Bars, Dewi AU - Drijfhout, Sybren AU - de Vries, Hylke DA - 2017 DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa6512 DP - Institute of Physics IS - 4 LA - en PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 044013 ST - A high-end sea level rise probabilistic projection including rapid Antarctic ice sheet mass loss T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - A high-end sea level rise probabilistic projection including rapid Antarctic ice sheet mass loss VL - 12 ID - 22388 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Benefit-cost analysis (BCA) aims to help people make better decisions. But BCA does not always serve this role as well as intended. In particular, BCA’s aim of aggregating all attributes of concern to decision makers into a single, best-estimate metric can conflict with the differing world views and values that may be an inherent characteristic of many climate-related decisions. This paper argues that new approaches exist that can help reduce the tension between the benefits of providing useful, scientifically based information to decision makers and the costs of aggregating uncertainty and differing values into single best estimates. Enabled by new information technology, these approaches can summarize decision-relevant information in new ways. Viewed in this light, many limitations of BCA lie not in the approach itself, but with the way it is used. In particular, this paper will argue that the problem lies in a process that begins by first assigning agreed-upon values to all the relevant inputs and then using BCA to rank the desirability of alternative decision options. In contrast, BCA can be used as part of a process that begins by acknowledging a wide range of ethical and epistemological views, examines which combinations of views are most important in affecting the ranking among proposed decision options, and uses this information to identify and seek consensus on actions that are robust over a wide range of such views. AU - Lempert, Robert J. DB - Cambridge Core DO - 10.1515/jbca-2014-9006 DP - Cambridge University Press ET - 2015/04/17 IS - 3 KW - deep uncertainty multi-attribute decision making resilient infrastructure robust decision making sea level rise PY - 2014 SN - 2194-5888 SP - 487-514 ST - Embedding (some) benefit-cost concepts into decision support processes with deep uncertainty T2 - Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis TI - Embedding (some) benefit-cost concepts into decision support processes with deep uncertainty VL - 5 ID - 24483 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A number of knowledge gaps and research priorities emerged during the third US National Climate Assessment (NCA3). Several are also gaps in the latest IPCC WG2 report. These omissions reflect major gaps in the underlying research base from which these assessments draw. These include the challenge of estimating the costs and benefits of climate change impacts and responses to climate change and the need for research on climate impacts on important sectors such as manufacturing and services. Climate impacts also need to be assessed within an international context in an increasingly connected and globalized world. Climate change is being experienced not only through changes within a locality but also through the impacts of climate change in other regions connected through trade, prices, and commodity chains, migratory species, human mobility and networked communications. Also under-researched are the connections and tradeoffs between responses to climate change at or across different scales, especially between adaptation and mitigation or between climate responses and other environmental and social policies. This paper discusses some of these research priorities, illustrating their significance through analysis of economic and international connections and case studies of responses to climate change. It also critically reflects on the process of developing research needs as part of the assessment process. AU - Liverman, Diana DA - March 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-015-1464-5 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 173-186 ST - U.S. national climate assessment gaps and research needs: Overview, the economy and the international context T2 - Climatic Change TI - U.S. national climate assessment gaps and research needs: Overview, the economy and the international context VL - 135 ID - 22064 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The potential impacts of climate change on crop productivity are of widespread interest to those concerned with addressing climate change and improving global food security. Two common approaches to assess these impacts are process-based simulation models, which attempt to represent key dynamic processes affecting crop yields, and statistical models, which estimate functional relationships between historical observations of weather and yields. Examples of both approaches are increasingly found in the scientific literature, although often published in different disciplinary journals. Here we compare published sensitivities to changes in temperature, precipitation, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and ozone from each approach for the subset of crops, locations, and climate scenarios for which both have been applied. Despite a common perception that statistical models are more pessimistic, we find no systematic differences between the predicted sensitivities to warming from process-based and statistical models up to +2 °C, with limited evidence at higher levels of warming. For precipitation, there are many reasons why estimates could be expected to differ, but few estimates exist to develop robust comparisons, and precipitation changes are rarely the dominant factor for predicting impacts given the prominent role of temperature, CO 2 , and ozone changes. A common difference between process-based and statistical studies is that the former tend to include the effects of CO 2 increases that accompany warming, whereas statistical models typically do not. Major needs moving forward include incorporating CO 2 effects into statistical studies, improving both approaches’ treatment of ozone, and increasing the use of both methods within the same study. At the same time, those who fund or use crop model projections should understand that in the short-term, both approaches when done well are likely to provide similar estimates of warming impacts, with statistical models generally requiring fewer resources to produce robust estimates, especially when applied to crops beyond the major grains. AU - Lobell, David B. AU - Asseng, Senthold DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa518a IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 015001 ST - Comparing estimates of climate change impacts from process-based and statistical crop models T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Comparing estimates of climate change impacts from process-based and statistical crop models VL - 12 ID - 24482 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Successful adaptation of agriculture to ongoing climate changes would help to maintain productivity growth and thereby reduce pressure to bring new lands into agriculture. In this paper we investigate the potential co-benefits of adaptation in terms of the avoided emissions from land use change. A model of global agricultural trade and land use, called SIMPLE, is utilized to link adaptation investments, yield growth rates, land conversion rates, and land use emissions. A scenario of global adaptation to offset negative yield impacts of temperature and precipitation changes to 2050, which requires a cumulative 225 billion USD of additional investment, results in 61 Mha less conversion of cropland and 15 Gt carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) fewer emissions by 2050. Thus our estimates imply an annual mitigation co-benefit of 0.35 GtCO 2 e yr −1 while spending $15 per tonne CO 2 e of avoided emissions. Uncertainty analysis is used to estimate a 5–95% confidence interval around these numbers of 0.25–0.43 Gt and $11–$22 per tonne CO 2 e. A scenario of adaptation focused only on Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, while less costly in aggregate, results in much smaller mitigation potentials and higher per tonne costs. These results indicate that although investing in the least developed areas may be most desirable for the main objectives of adaptation, it has little net effect on mitigation because production gains are offset by greater rates of land clearing in the benefited regions, which are relatively low yielding and land abundant. Adaptation investments in high yielding, land scarce regions such as Asia and North America are more effective for mitigation. To identify data needs, we conduct a sensitivity analysis using the Morris method (Morris 1991 Technometrics 33 161–74). The three most critical parameters for improving estimates of mitigation potential are (in descending order) the emissions factors for converting land to agriculture, the price elasticity of land supply with respect to land rents, and the elasticity of substitution between land and non-land inputs. For assessing the mitigation costs, the elasticity of productivity with respect to investments in research and development is also very important. Overall, this study finds that broad-based efforts to adapt agriculture to climate change have mitigation co-benefits that, even when forced to shoulder the entire expense of adaptation, are inexpensive relative to many activities whose main purpose is mitigation. These results therefore challenge the current approach of most climate financing portfolios, which support adaptation from funds completely separate from—and often much smaller than—mitigation ones. AU - Lobell, David B. AU - Baldos, Uris Lantz C. AU - Hertel, Thomas W. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015012 IS - 1 PY - 2013 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 015012 ST - Climate adaptation as mitigation: The case of agricultural investments T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Climate adaptation as mitigation: The case of agricultural investments VL - 8 ID - 24481 ER - TY - JOUR AB - While the international community has agreed on the long-term target of limiting global warming to no more than 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, only a few concrete climate policies and measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have been implemented. We use a set of three global integrated assessment models to analyze the implications of current climate policies on long-term mitigation targets. We define a weak-policy baseline scenario, which extrapolates the current policy environment by assuming that the global climate regime remains fragmented and that emission reduction efforts remain unambitious in most of the world’s regions. These scenarios clearly fall short of limiting warming to 2 °C. We investigate the cost and achievability of the stabilization of atmospheric GHG concentrations at 450 ppm CO2e by 2100, if countries follow the weak policy pathway until 2020 or 2030 before pursuing the long-term mitigation target with global cooperative action. We find that after a deferral of ambitious action the 450 ppm CO2e is only achievable with a radical up-scaling of efforts after target adoption. This has severe effects on transformation pathways and exacerbates the challenges of climate stabilization, in particular for a delay of cooperative action until 2030. Specifically, reaching the target with weak near-term action implies (a) faster and more aggressive transformations of energy systems in the medium term, (b) more stranded investments in fossil-based capacities, (c) higher long-term mitigation costs and carbon prices and (d) stronger transitional economic impacts, rendering the political feasibility of such pathways questionable. AU - Luderer, Gunnar AU - Bertram, Christoph AU - Calvin, Katherine AU - De Cian, Enrica AU - Kriegler, Elmar DA - May 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0899-9 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 127-140 ST - Implications of weak near-term climate policies on long-term mitigation pathways T2 - Climatic Change TI - Implications of weak near-term climate policies on long-term mitigation pathways VL - 136 ID - 24480 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MacCracken, Michael C. DO - 10.1002/2016EF000450 IS - 12 KW - Crutzen climate intervention climate change Arctic climate change sulfate offset geoengineering 3305 Climate change and variability 4321 Climate impact 4930 Greenhouse gases 6309 Decision making under uncertainty 6620 Science policy PY - 2016 SN - 2328-4277 SP - 649-657 ST - The rationale for accelerating regionally focused climate intervention research T2 - Earth’s Future TI - The rationale for accelerating regionally focused climate intervention research VL - 4 ID - 20846 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This report provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions. The water factors presented may be useful in modeling and policy analyses where reliable power plant level data are not available. Major findings of the report include: water withdrawal and consumption factors vary greatly across and within fuel technologies, and water factors show greater agreement when organized according to cooling technologies as opposed to fuel technologies; a transition to a less carbon-intensive electricity sector could result in either an increase or a decrease in water use, depending on the choice of technologies and cooling systems employed; concentrating solar power technologies and coal facilities with carbon capture and sequestration capabilities have the highest water consumption values when using a recirculating cooling system; and non-thermal renewables, such as photovoltaics and wind, have the lowest water consumption factors. Improved power plant data and further studies into the water requirements of energy technologies in different climatic regions would facilitate greater resolution in analyses of water impacts of future energy and economic scenarios. This report provides the foundation for conducting water use impact assessments of the power sector while also identifying gaps in data that could guide future research. AU - Macknick, J. AU - Newmark, R. AU - Heath, G. AU - Hallett, K. C. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045802 IS - 4 PY - 2012 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 045802 ST - Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: A review of existing literature T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: A review of existing literature VL - 7 ID - 21330 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Extreme heat is a significant public health challenge in urban environments that disproportionally impacts vulnerable members of society. In this research, demographic, economic and climate projections are brought together with a statistical approach linking extreme heat and mortality in Houston, Texas. The sensitivity of heat-related non-accidental mortality to future changes of demographics, income and climate is explored. We compare climate change outcomes associated with two different Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, which describe alternate future scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions and concentrations. For each RCP, we explore demographic and economic scenarios for two plausible Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), SSP3 and SSP5. Our findings suggest that non-accidental mortality in 2061–2080 may increase for all combinations of RCP and SSP scenarios compared to a historical reference period spanning 1991–2010. Notably, increased heat-related non-accidental mortality is associated with changes in the size and age of the population, but the degree of sensitivity is highly uncertain given the breadth of plausible socioeconomic scenarios. Beyond socioeconomic changes, climate change is also important. For each socioeconomic scenario, non-accidental mortality associated with the lower emissions RCP4.5 scenario is projected to be 50 % less than mortality projected under the higher emissions RCP8.5 scenario. AU - Marsha, A. AU - Sain, S. R. AU - Heaton, M. J. AU - Monaghan, A. J. AU - Wilhelmi, O.V. DA - August 30 DO - 10.1007/s10584-016-1775-1 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 ST - Influences of climatic and population changes on heat-related mortality in Houston, Texas, USA T2 - Climatic Change TI - Influences of climatic and population changes on heat-related mortality in Houston, Texas, USA ID - 23558 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Marshall, Elizabeth AU - Aillery, Marcel AU - Malcolm, Scott AU - Williams, Ryan CY - Washington, DC NV - Economic Research Report No. (ERR-201) PB - USDA Economic Research Service PY - 2015 SP - 119 ST - Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and Adaptation in the U.S. Fieldcrop Sector TI - Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and Adaptation in the U.S. Fieldcrop Sector UR - https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=45496 ID - 23629 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Crimmins, Allison AU - Beach, Robert H. AU - Thomson, Allison AU - McFarland, James DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa6f23 IS - 6 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 060301 ST - Focus on agriculture and forestry benefits of reducing climate change impacts T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Focus on agriculture and forestry benefits of reducing climate change impacts VL - 12 ID - 24479 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martinich, J. AU - Neumann, J. AU - Ludwig, L. AU - Jantarasami, L. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s11027-011-9356-0 PY - 2013 SN - 1381-2386 SP - 169-185 ST - Risks of sea level rise to disadvantaged communities in the United States T2 - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change TI - Risks of sea level rise to disadvantaged communities in the United States VL - 18 ID - 14390 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper assesses three key energy sustainability objectives: energy security improvement, climate change mitigation, and the reduction of air pollution and its human health impacts. We explain how the common practice of narrowly focusing on singular issues ignores potentially enormous synergies, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift toward more holistic policy approaches. Our analysis of a large ensemble of alternate energy-climate futures, developed using MESSAGE, an integrated assessment model, shows that stringent climate change policy offers a strategic entry point along the path to energy sustainability in several dimensions. Concerted decarbonization efforts can lead to improved air quality, thereby reducing energy-related health impacts worldwide: upwards of 2–32 million fewer disability-adjusted life years in 2030, depending on the aggressiveness of the air pollution policies foreseen in the baseline. At the same time, low-carbon technologies and energy-efficiency improvements can help to further the energy security goals of individual countries and regions by promoting a more dependable, resilient, and diversified energy portfolio. The cost savings of these climate policy synergies are potentially enormous: $100–600 billion annually by 2030 in reduced pollution control and energy security expenditures (0.1–0.7 % of GDP). Novel aspects of this paper include an explicit quantification of the health-related co-benefits of present and future air pollution control policies; an analysis of how future constraints on regional trade could influence energy security; a detailed assessment of energy expenditures showing where financing needs to flow in order to achieve the multiple energy sustainability objectives; and a quantification of the relationships between different fulfillment levels for energy security and air pollution goals and the probability of reaching the 2 °C climate target. AU - McCollum, David L. AU - Krey, Volker AU - Riahi, Keywan AU - Kolp, Peter AU - Grubler, Arnulf AU - Makowski, Marek AU - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0710-y IS - 2 M3 - journal article PY - 2013 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 479-494 ST - Climate policies can help resolve energy security and air pollution challenges T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate policies can help resolve energy security and air pollution challenges VL - 119 ID - 24478 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The electric power sector both affects and is affected by climate change. Numerous studies highlight the potential of the power sector to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Yet fewer studies have explored the physical impacts of climate change on the power sector. The present analysis examines how projected rising temperatures affect the demand for and supply of electricity. We apply a common set of temperature projections to three well-known electric sector models in the United States: the US version of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM-USA), the Regional Electricity Deployment System model (ReEDS), and the Integrated Planning Model (IPM®). Incorporating the effects of rising temperatures from a control scenario without emission mitigation into the models raises electricity demand by 1.6 to 6.5 % in 2050 with similar changes in emissions. The increase in system costs in the reference scenario to meet this additional demand is comparable to the change in system costs associated with decreasing power sector emissions by approximately 50 % in 2050. This result underscores the importance of adequately incorporating the effects of long-run temperature change in climate policy analysis. AU - McFarland, James AU - Zhou, Yuyu AU - Clarke, Leon AU - Sullivan, Patrick AU - Colman, Jesse AU - Jaglom, Wendy S. AU - Colley, Michelle AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Eom, Jiyon AU - Kim, Son H. AU - Kyle, G. Page AU - Schultz, Peter AU - Venkatesh, Boddu AU - Haydel, Juanita AU - Mack, Charlotte AU - Creason, Jared DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-015-1380-8 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2015 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 111-125 ST - Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: A multi-model comparison T2 - Climatic Change TI - Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: A multi-model comparison VL - 131 ID - 21332 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McKenzie, Donald AU - Littell, Jeremy S. DO - 10.1002/eap.1420 IS - 1 KW - climate change ecosections lagged response negative feedback nonstationarity water-balance deficit PY - 2017 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 26-36 ST - Climate change and the eco-hydrology of fire: Will area burned increase in a warming western USA? T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Climate change and the eco-hydrology of fire: Will area burned increase in a warming western USA? VL - 27 ID - 21973 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Melillo, Jerry M. AU - Richmond, T.C. AU - Yohe, Gary W. CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0Z31WJ2 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2014 RN - http://nca2014.globalchange.gov SN - 9780160924026 SP - 841 ST - Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment TI - Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment ID - 8675 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melvin, April M. AU - Larsen, Peter AU - Boehlert, Brent AU - Neumann, James E. AU - Chinowsky, Paul AU - Espinet, Xavier AU - Martinich, Jeremy AU - Baumann, Matthew S. AU - Rennels, Lisa AU - Bothner, Alexandra AU - Nicolsky, Dmitry J. AU - Marchenko, Sergey S. DA - 2016/12/27/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.1611056113 DP - www.pnas.org IS - 2 KW - adaptation Alaska climate change damages infrastructure LA - en PY - 2017 SN - 0027-8424, 1091-6490 SP - E122-E131 ST - Climate change damages to Alaska public infrastructure and the economics of proactive adaptation T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Climate change damages to Alaska public infrastructure and the economics of proactive adaptation VL - 114 Y2 - 2017/01/08/20:53:29 ID - 22252 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melvin, A. M. AU - Murray, J. AU - Boehlert, B. AU - Martinich, J. A. AU - Rennels, L. AU - Rupp, T. S. DA - Apr DO - 10.1007/s10584-017-1923-2 IS - 4 PY - 2017 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 783-795 ST - Estimating wildfire response costs in Alaska's changing climate. T2 - Climatic Change TI - Estimating wildfire response costs in Alaska's changing climate. VL - 141 ID - 22254 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Sea level has been steadily rising over the past century, predominantly due to anthropogenic climate change. The rate of sea level rise will keep increasing with continued global warming, and, even if temperatures are stabilized through the phasing out of greenhouse gas emissions, sea level is still expected to rise for centuries. This will affect coastal areas worldwide, and robust projections are needed to assess mitigation options and guide adaptation measures. Here we combine the equilibrium response of the main sea level rise contributions with their last century's observed contribution to constrain projections of future sea level rise. Our model is calibrated to a set of observations for each contribution, and the observational and climate uncertainties are combined to produce uncertainty ranges for 21st century sea level rise. We project anthropogenic sea level rise of 28–56 cm, 37–77 cm, and 57–131 cm in 2100 for the greenhouse gas concentration scenarios RCP26, RCP45, and RCP85, respectively. Our uncertainty ranges for total sea level rise overlap with the process-based estimates of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The “constrained extrapolation” approach generalizes earlier global semiempirical models and may therefore lead to a better understanding of the discrepancies with process-based projections. AU - Mengel, Matthias AU - Levermann, Anders AU - Frieler, Katja AU - Robinson, Alexander AU - Marzeion, Ben AU - Winkelmann, Ricarda DA - March 8, 2016 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1500515113 IS - 10 PY - 2016 SP - 2597-2602 ST - Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long-term commitment T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Future sea level rise constrained by observations and long-term commitment VL - 113 ID - 19441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mills, David AU - Jones, Russell AU - Wobus, Cameron AU - Ekstrom, Julia AU - Jantarasami, Lesley AU - St. Juliana, Alexis AU - Crimmins, Allison DO - 10.1289/EHP2594 IS - 4 PY - 2018 SP - 047007 ST - Projecting age-stratified risk of exposure to inland flooding and wildfire smoke in the United States under two climate scenarios T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Projecting age-stratified risk of exposure to inland flooding and wildfire smoke in the United States under two climate scenarios VL - 126 ID - 25202 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mills, David AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Lee, Mihye AU - Sarofim, Marcus AU - Jones, Russell AU - Lawson, Megan AU - Duckworth, Michael AU - Deck, Leland DO - 10.1007/s10584-014-1154-8 IS - 1 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2015 RN - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-014-1154-8 SN - 0165-0009 1573-1480 SP - 83-95 ST - Climate change impacts on extreme temperature mortality in select metropolitan areas in the United States T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change impacts on extreme temperature mortality in select metropolitan areas in the United States VL - 131 ID - 17612 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this study, we analyze changes in extreme temperature and precipitation over the US in a 60-member ensemble simulation of the 21st century with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Integrated Global System Model–Community Atmosphere Model (IGSM-CAM). Four values of climate sensitivity, three emissions scenarios and five initial conditions are considered. The results show a general intensification and an increase in the frequency of extreme hot temperatures and extreme precipitation events over most of the US. Extreme cold temperatures are projected to decrease in intensity and frequency, especially over the northern parts of the US. This study displays a wide range of future changes in extreme events in the US, even simulated by a single climate model. Results clearly show that the choice of policy is the largest source of uncertainty in the magnitude of the changes. The impact of the climate sensitivity is largest for the unconstrained emissions scenario and the implementation of a stabilization scenario drastically reduces the changes in extremes, even for the highest climate sensitivity considered. Finally, simulations with different initial conditions show conspicuously different patterns and magnitudes of changes in extreme events, underlining the role of natural variability in projections of changes in extreme events. AU - Monier, Erwan AU - Gao, Xiang DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-1048-1 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2015 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 67-81 ST - Climate change impacts on extreme events in the United States: An uncertainty analysis T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change impacts on extreme events in the United States: An uncertainty analysis VL - 131 ID - 24477 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Morini, Elena AU - Touchaei, Ali AU - Castellani, Beatrice AU - Rossi, Federico AU - Cotana, Franco DO - 10.3390/su8100999 IS - 10 PY - 2016 SN - 2071-1050 SP - 999 ST - The impact of albedo increase to mitigate the urban heat island in Terni (Italy) using the WRF model T2 - Sustainability TI - The impact of albedo increase to mitigate the urban heat island in Terni (Italy) using the WRF model VL - 8 ID - 24476 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moser, S.C. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s10584-012-0398-4 IS - 2 PY - 2012 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 165-175 ST - Adaptation, mitigation, and their disharmonious discontents: An essay T2 - Climatic Change TI - Adaptation, mitigation, and their disharmonious discontents: An essay VL - 111 ID - 14603 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Third US National Climate Assessment (NCA3) was produced by experts in response to the US Global Change Research Act of 1990. Based on lessons learned from previous domestic and international assessments, the NCA3 was designed to speak to a broad public and inform the concerns of policy- and decision-makers at different scales. The NCA3 was also intended to be the first step in an ongoing assessment process that would build the nation’s capacity to respond to climate change. This concluding paper draws larger lessons from the insights gained throughout the assessment process that are of significance to future US and international assessment designers. We bring attention to process and products delivered, communication and engagement efforts, and how they contributed to the sustained assessment. Based on areas where expectations were exceeded or not fully met, we address four common tensions that all assessment designers must confront and manage: between (1) core assessment ingredients (knowledge base, institutional set-up, principled process, and the people involved), (2) national scope and subnational adaptive management information needs, (3) scope, complexity, and manageability, and (4) deliberate evaluation and ongoing learning approaches. Managing these tensions, amidst the social and political contexts in which assessments are conducted, is critical to ensure that assessments are feasible and productive, while its outcomes are perceived as credible, salient, and legitimate. AU - Moser, Susanne C. AU - Melillo, Jerry M. AU - Jacobs, Katharine L. AU - Moss, Richard H. AU - Buizer, James L. DA - March 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-015-1530-z IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 187-201 ST - Aspirations and common tensions: Larger lessons from the third US national climate assessment T2 - Climatic Change TI - Aspirations and common tensions: Larger lessons from the third US national climate assessment VL - 135 ID - 24475 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moss, R.H. AU - Edmonds, J.A. AU - Hibbard, K.A. AU - Manning, M.R. AU - Rose, S.K. AU - van Vuuren, D.P. AU - Carter, T.R. AU - Emori, S. AU - Kainuma, M. AU - Kram, T. AU - Meehl, G.A. AU - Mitchell, J.F.B. AU - Nakicenovic, N. AU - Riahi, K. AU - Smith, S.J. AU - Stouffer, R.J. AU - Thomson, A.M. AU - Weyant, J.P. AU - Wilbanks, T.J. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1038/nature08823 PY - 2010 SP - 747-756 ST - The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment T2 - Nature TI - The next generation of scenarios for climate change research and assessment VL - 463 ID - 14614 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Müller, Christoph AU - Elliott, Joshua AU - Chryssanthacopoulos, James AU - Arneth, Almut AU - Balkovic, Juraj AU - Ciais, Phillipe AU - Deryng, Delphine AU - Folberth, Christian AU - Glotter, Michael AU - Hoek, Steven AU - Iizumi, Toshichika AU - Izaurralde, Roberto C. AU - Jones, Curtis AU - Khabarov, Nikolay AU - Lawrence, Peter AU - Liu, Wenfeng AU - Olin, Stefan AU - Pugh, Thomas A. M. AU - Ray, Deepak K. AU - Reddy, Ashwan AU - Rosenzweig, Cynthia AU - Ruane, Alex C. AU - Sakurai, Gen AU - Schmid, Erwin AU - Skalsky, Rastislav AU - Song, Carol X. AU - Wang, Xuhui AU - de Wit, Allard AU - Yang, Hong DO - 10.5194/gmd-10-1403-2017 IS - 4 N1 - GMD PY - 2017 SN - 1991-9603 SP - 1403-1422 ST - Global gridded crop model evaluation: Benchmarking, skills, deficiencies and implications T2 - Geoscientific Model Development TI - Global gridded crop model evaluation: Benchmarking, skills, deficiencies and implications VL - 10 ID - 24474 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murray, Brian C. AU - Maniloff, Peter T. DA - 2015/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.07.013 KW - Climate policy Cap-and-trade Policy design PY - 2015 SN - 0140-9883 SP - 581-589 ST - Why have greenhouse emissions in RGGI states declined? An econometric attribution to economic, energy market, and policy factors T2 - Energy Economics TI - Why have greenhouse emissions in RGGI states declined? An econometric attribution to economic, energy market, and policy factors VL - 51 ID - 24473 ER - TY - RPRT AU - NACUBO CY - Washington, DC and Boston, MA PB - National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) and Second Nature PY - 2012 SP - 15 ST - Higher Education: Leading the Nation to a Safe and Secure Energy Future TI - Higher Education: Leading the Nation to a Safe and Secure Energy Future UR - https://www.nacubo.org/-/media/Nacubo/Documents/BusinessPolicyAreas/Leading-the-Nation-White-Paper.ashx?la=en&hash=8E0383B79CF70F3A1C8D2F472ED383EC7CC1D9C2 ID - 25226 ER - TY - BOOK AB - The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of damage from climate change. Aggressively pursuing a program of emissions abatement or mitigation will show results over a timescale of many decades. How do we actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make a bigger difference more quickly? As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses CDR, the carbon dioxide removal of greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere and sequestration of it in perpetuity. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration introduces possible CDR approaches and then discusses them in depth. Land management practices, such as low-till agriculture, reforestation and afforestation, ocean iron fertilization, and land-and-ocean-based accelerated weathering, could amplify the rates of processes that are already occurring as part of the natural carbon cycle. Other CDR approaches, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration, direct air capture and sequestration, and traditional carbon capture and sequestration, seek to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and dispose of it by pumping it underground at high pressure. This book looks at the pros and cons of these options and estimates possible rates of removal and total amounts that might be removed via these methods. With whatever portfolio of technologies the transition is achieved, eliminating the carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy and transportation systems will pose an enormous technical, economic, and social challenge that will likely take decades of concerted effort to achieve. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration will help to better understand the potential cost and performance of CDR strategies to inform debate and decision making as we work to stabilize and reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide. AU - NAS C4 - 8be49587-cc1b-4f03-b518-582045aa5cb9 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.17226/18805 KW - Earth Sciences LA - English PB - The National Academies Press PY - 2015 SN - 978-0-309-30529-7 SP - 154 ST - Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration TI - Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration ID - 20055 ER - TY - BOOK AB - The social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) is an economic metric intended to provide a comprehensive estimate of the net damages - that is, the monetized value of the net impacts, both negative and positive - from the global climate change that results from a small (1-metric ton) increase in carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions. Under Executive Orders regarding regulatory impact analysis and as required by a court ruling, the U.S. government has since 2008 used estimates of the SC-CO2 in federal rulemakings to value the costs and benefits associated with changes in CO2 emissions. In 2010, the Interagency Working Group on the Social Cost of Greenhouse Gases (IWG) developed a methodology for estimating the SC-CO2 across a range of assumptions about future socioeconomic and physical earth systems. Valuing Climate Changes examines potential approaches, along with their relative merits and challenges, for a comprehensive update to the current methodology. This publication also recommends near- and longer-term research priorities to ensure that the SC- CO2 estimates reflect the best available science. AU - National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine C4 - a46ba47b-a9d5-43af-a3d1-0691154a188e CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.17226/24651 KW - Environment and Environmental Studies LA - English PB - The National Academies Press PY - 2017 SN - 978-0-309-45420-9 SP - 280 ST - Valuing Climate Damages: Updating Estimation of the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide TI - Valuing Climate Damages: Updating Estimation of the Social Cost of Carbon Dioxide ID - 24472 ER - TY - JOUR AU - National Trust for Historic Preservation IS - 4 PY - 2015 SN - 1536-1012 SP - 1-66 ST - High water and high stakes: Cultural resources and climate change T2 - Forum Journal TI - High water and high stakes: Cultural resources and climate change UR - http://forum.savingplaces.org/HigherLogic/System/DownloadDocumentFile.ashx?DocumentFileKey=58856f28-e8be-9094-1148-5f67534d5263&forceDialog=1 VL - 29 ID - 24523 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recent literature, the US Global Change Research Program’s National Climate Assessment, and recent events, such as Hurricane Sandy, highlight the need to take better account of both storm surge and sea-level rise (SLR) in assessing coastal risks of climate change. This study combines three models—a tropical cyclone simulation model; a storm surge model; and a model for economic impact and adaptation—to estimate the joint effects of storm surge and SLR for the US coast through 2100. The model is tested using multiple SLR scenarios, including those incorporating estimates of dynamic ice-sheet melting, two global greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policy scenarios, and multiple general circulation model climate sensitivities. The results illustrate that a large area of coastal land and property is at risk of damage from storm surge today; that land area and economic value at risk expands over time as seas rise and as storms become more intense; that adaptation is a cost-effective response to this risk, but residual impacts remain after adaptation measures are in place; that incorporating site-specific episodic storm surge increases national damage estimates by a factor of two relative to SLR-only estimates, with greater impact on the East and Gulf coasts; and that mitigation of GHGs contributes to significant lessening of damages. For a mid-range climate-sensitivity scenario that incorporates dynamic ice sheet melting, the approach yields national estimates of the impacts of storm surge and SLR of $990 billion through 2100 (net of adaptation, cumulative undiscounted 2005$); GHG mitigation policy reduces the impacts of the mid-range climate-sensitivity estimates by $84 to $100 billion. AU - Neumann, James E. AU - Emanuel, Kerry AU - Ravela, Sai AU - Ludwig, Lindsay AU - Kirshen, Paul AU - Bosma, Kirk AU - Martinich, Jeremy DA - March 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-014-1304-z IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2015 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 337-349 ST - Joint effects of storm surge and sea-level rise on US Coasts: New economic estimates of impacts, adaptation, and benefits of mitigation policy T2 - Climatic Change TI - Joint effects of storm surge and sea-level rise on US Coasts: New economic estimates of impacts, adaptation, and benefits of mitigation policy VL - 129 ID - 24012 ER - TY - RPRT AU - New York State Department of Public Service CY - Albany, NY PB - New York State Department of Public Service PY - 2016 SP - 11 ST - Staff's Responsive Proposal For Preserving Zero-Emissions Attributes TI - Staff's Responsive Proposal For Preserving Zero-Emissions Attributes UR - http://documents.dps.ny.gov/public/Common/ViewDoc.aspx?DocRefId=%7BBBFA4008-FD27-4209-B8E1-AD037578101E%7D ID - 24522 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Norton-Smith, Kathryn AU - Lynn, Kathy AU - Chief, Karletta AU - Cozzetto, Karen AU - Donatuto, Jamie AU - Redsteer, Margaret Hiza AU - Kruger, Linda E. AU - Maldonado, Julie AU - Viles, Carson AU - Whyte, Kyle P. CY - Portland, OR NV - Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-944 PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station PY - 2016 SP - 136 ST - Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: A Synthesis of Current Impacts and Experiences TI - Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: A Synthesis of Current Impacts and Experiences UR - https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/53156 ID - 21324 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Understanding how impacts may differ across alternative levels of future climate change is necessary to inform mitigation and adaptation measures. The Benefits of Reduced Anthropogenic Climate changE (BRACE) project assesses the differences in impacts between two specific climate futures: a higher emissions future with global average temperature increasing about 3.7 °C above pre-industrial levels toward the end of the century and a moderate emissions future with global average warming of about 2.5 °C. BRACE studies in this special issue quantify avoided impacts on physical, managed, and societal systems in terms of extreme events, health, agriculture, and tropical cyclones. Here we describe the conceptual framework and design of BRACE and synthesize its results. Methodologically, the project combines climate modeling, statistical analysis, and impact assessment and draws heavily on large ensembles using the Community Earth System Model. It addresses uncertainty in future societal change by employing two pathways for future socioeconomic development. Results show that the benefits of reduced climate change within this framework vary substantially across types of impacts. In many cases, especially related to extreme heat events, there are substantial benefits to mitigation. The benefits for some heat extremes are statistically significant in some regions as early as the 2020s and are widespread by mid-century. Benefits are more modest for agriculture and exposure to some health risks. Benefits are negative for agriculture when CO2 fertilization is incorporated. For several societal impacts, the effect on outcomes of alternative future societal development pathways is substantially larger than the effect of the two climate scenarios. AU - O’Neill, Brian C. AU - M. Done, James AU - Gettelman, Andrew AU - Lawrence, Peter AU - Lehner, Flavio AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois AU - Lin, Lei AU - J. Monaghan, Andrew AU - Oleson, Keith AU - Ren, Xiaolin AU - M. Sanderson, Benjamin AU - Tebaldi, Claudia AU - Weitzel, Matthias AU - Xu, Yangyang AU - Anderson, Brooke AU - Fix, Miranda J. AU - Levis, Samuel DA - July 26 DO - 10.1007/s10584-017-2009-x M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1573-1480 ST - The Benefits of Reduced Anthropogenic Climate changE (BRACE): A synthesis T2 - Climatic Change TI - The Benefits of Reduced Anthropogenic Climate changE (BRACE): A synthesis ID - 24077 ER - TY - BOOK AU - OECD C4 - ee06ca45-6d95-4e90-98e1-290bbe7d4cb1 CY - Paris DO - 10.1787/9789264235410-en PB - OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Publishing PY - 2015 SP - 140 ST - The Economic Consequences of Climate Change TI - The Economic Consequences of Climate Change ID - 24471 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Patiño, Reynaldo AU - Dawson, Dan AU - VanLandeghem, Matthew M. DA - 2014/03/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.hal.2013.12.006 KW - Harmful algal bloom Inland waters Range expansion Salinity Water quality trends PY - 2014 SN - 1568-9883 SP - 1-11 ST - Retrospective analysis of associations between water quality and toxic blooms of golden alga (Prymnesium parvum) in Texas reservoirs: Implications for understanding dispersal mechanisms and impacts of climate change T2 - Harmful Algae TI - Retrospective analysis of associations between water quality and toxic blooms of golden alga (Prymnesium parvum) in Texas reservoirs: Implications for understanding dispersal mechanisms and impacts of climate change VL - 33 ID - 25203 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Reefs and People at Risk Increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere put shallow, warm-water coral reef ecosystems, and the people who depend upon them at risk from two key global environmental stresses: 1) elevated sea surface temperature (that can cause coral bleaching and related mortality), and 2) ocean acidification. These global stressors: cannot be avoided by local management, compound local stressors, and hasten the loss of ecosystem services. Impacts to people will be most grave where a) human dependence on coral reef ecosystems is high, b) sea surface temperature reaches critical levels soonest, and c) ocean acidification levels are most severe. Where these elements align, swift action will be needed to protect people’s lives and livelihoods, but such action must be informed by data and science. An Indicator Approach Designing policies to offset potential harm to coral reef ecosystems and people requires a better understanding of where CO2-related global environmental stresses could cause the most severe impacts. Mapping indicators has been proposed as a way of combining natural and social science data to identify policy actions even when the needed science is relatively nascent. To identify where people are at risk and where more science is needed, we map indicators of biological, physical and social science factors to understand how human dependence on coral reef ecosystems will be affected by globally-driven threats to corals expected in a high-CO2 world. Western Mexico, Micronesia, Indonesia and parts of Australia have high human dependence and will likely face severe combined threats. As a region, Southeast Asia is particularly at risk. Many of the countries most dependent upon coral reef ecosystems are places for which we have the least robust data on ocean acidification. These areas require new data and interdisciplinary scientific research to help coral reef-dependent human communities better prepare for a high CO2 world. AU - Pendleton, Linwood AU - Comte, Adrien AU - Langdon, Chris AU - Ekstrom, Julia A. AU - Cooley, Sarah R. AU - Suatoni, Lisa AU - Beck, Michael W. AU - Brander, Luke M. AU - Burke, Lauretta AU - Cinner, Josh E. AU - Doherty, Carolyn AU - Edwards, Peter E. T. AU - Gledhill, Dwight AU - Jiang, Li-Qing AU - van Hooidonk, Ruben J. AU - Teh, Louise AU - Waldbusser, George G. AU - Ritter, Jessica DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0164699 IS - 11 PY - 2016 SP - e0164699 ST - Coral reefs and people in a high-CO2 world: Where can science make a difference to people? T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Coral reefs and people in a high-CO2 world: Where can science make a difference to people? VL - 11 ID - 26145 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ocean acidification, climate change, and other environmental stressors threaten coral reef ecosystems and the people who depend upon them. New science reveals that these multiple stressors interact and may affect a multitude of physiological and ecological processes in complex ways. The interaction of multiple stressors and ecological complexity may mean that the negative effects on coral reef ecosystems will happen sooner and be more severe than previously thought. Yet, most research on the effects of global change on coral reefs focus on one or few stressors and pathways or outcomes (e.g. bleaching). Based on a critical review of the literature, we call for a regionally targeted strategy of mesocosm-level research that addresses this complexity and provides more realistic projections about coral reef impacts in the face of global environmental change. We believe similar approaches are needed for other ecosystems that face global environmental change. AU - Pendleton, Linwood H. AU - Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove AU - Langdon, Chris AU - Comte, Adrien DA - 2016-March-24 DO - 10.3389/fmars.2016.00036 KW - coral reefs,multiple stressors,mesocosm-level research,Climate Change,ocean acidification LA - English M3 - Mini Review PY - 2016 SN - 2296-7745 SP - article 36 ST - Multiple stressors and ecological complexity require a new approach to coral reef research T2 - Frontiers in Marine Science TI - Multiple stressors and ecological complexity require a new approach to coral reef research VL - 3 ID - 26144 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In recent articles I have argued that integrated assessment models (IAMs) have flaws that make them close to useless as tools for policy analysis. IAM-based analyses of climate policy create a perception of knowledge and precision that is illusory and can fool policymakers into thinking that the forecasts the models generate have some kind of scientific legitimacy. However, some economists and climate scientists have claimed that we need to use some kind of model for policy analysis and that IAMs can be structured and used in ways that correct for their shortcomings. For example, it has been argued that although we know very little about key relationships in the model, we can get around this problem by attaching probability distributions to various parameters and then simulating the model using Monte Carlo methods. I argue that this would buy us nothing and that a simpler and more transparent approach to the design of climate change policy is preferable. I briefly outline what such an approach would look like. AU - Pindyck, Robert S. DO - 10.1093/reep/rew012 IS - 1 N1 - 10.1093/reep/rew012 PY - 2017 SN - 1750-6816 SP - 100-114 ST - The use and misuse of models for climate policy T2 - Review of Environmental Economics and Policy TI - The use and misuse of models for climate policy VL - 11 ID - 24469 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Revesz, Richard L. AU - Howard, Peter H. AU - Arrow, Kenneth AU - Goulder, Lawrence H. AU - Kopp, Robert E. AU - Livermore, Michael A. AU - Oppenheimer, Michael AU - Sterner, Thomas DO - 10.1038/508173a PY - 2014 SP - 173-175 ST - Global warming: Improve economic models of climate change T2 - Nature TI - Global warming: Improve economic models of climate change VL - 508 ID - 24468 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rockman, Marcy AU - Morgan, Marissa AU - Ziaja, Sonya AU - Hambrecht, George AU - Meadow, Alison CY - Washington, DC KW - Climate change Cultural PB - Cultural Resources, Partnerships, and Science and Climate Change Response Program, National Park Service PY - 2016 ST - Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy TI - Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy UR - https://www.nps.gov/subjects/climatechange/upload/NPS-2016_Cultural-Resoures-Climate-Change-Strategy.pdf ID - 22827 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rose, Steven K. AU - Diaz, Delavane B. AU - Blanford, Geoffrey J. DO - 10.1142/s2010007817500099 IS - 02 PY - 2017 SP - 1750009 ST - Understanding the social cost of carbon: A model diagnostic and inter-comparison study T2 - Climate Change Economics TI - Understanding the social cost of carbon: A model diagnostic and inter-comparison study VL - 08 ID - 24467 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Here we present the results from an intercomparison of multiple global gridded crop models (GGCMs) within the framework of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project and the Inter-Sectoral Impacts Model Intercomparison Project. Results indicate strong negative effects of climate change, especially at higher levels of warming and at low latitudes; models that include explicit nitrogen stress project more severe impacts. Across seven GGCMs, five global climate models, and four representative concentration pathways, model agreement on direction of yield changes is found in many major agricultural regions at both low and high latitudes; however, reducing uncertainty in sign of response in mid-latitude regions remains a challenge. Uncertainties related to the representation of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and high temperature effects demonstrated here show that further research is urgently needed to better understand effects of climate change on agricultural production and to devise targeted adaptation strategies. AU - Rosenzweig, Cynthia AU - Elliott, Joshua AU - Deryng, Delphine AU - Ruane, Alex C. AU - Müller, Christoph AU - Arneth, Almut AU - Boote, Kenneth J. AU - Folberth, Christian AU - Glotter, Michael AU - Khabarov, Nikolay AU - Neumann, Kathleen AU - Piontek, Franziska AU - Pugh, Thomas A. M. AU - Schmid, Erwin AU - Stehfest, Elke AU - Yang, Hong AU - Jones, James W. DA - March 4, 2014 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1222463110 IS - 9 PY - 2014 SP - 3268-3273 ST - Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison VL - 111 ID - 19789 ER - TY - ANCIENT AU - Rosenzweig, Cynthia AU - Solecki, William AU - DeGaetano, Arthur AU - O'Grady, Megan AU - Hassol, Susan AU - Grabhorn, Paul CY - Albany, NY NV - NYSERDA Report 11-18 PB - New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) PY - 2011 SP - 149 ST - Responding to Climate Change in New York State: The ClimAID Integrated Assessment for Effective Climate Change Adaptation TI - Responding to Climate Change in New York State: The ClimAID Integrated Assessment for Effective Climate Change Adaptation UR - https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/climaid ID - 24525 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Saari, Rebecca K. AU - Selin, Noelle E. AU - Rausch, Sebastian AU - Thompson, Tammy M. DA - 2015/01/02 DO - 10.1080/10962247.2014.959139 IS - 1 PY - 2015 SN - 1096-2247 SP - 74-89 ST - A self-consistent method to assess air quality co-benefits from U.S. climate policies T2 - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association TI - A self-consistent method to assess air quality co-benefits from U.S. climate policies VL - 65 ID - 24466 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Sarofim, Marcus C. AU - Saha, Shubhayu AU - Hawkins, Michelle D. AU - Mills, David M. AU - Hess, Jeremy AU - Horton, Radley AU - Kinney, Patrick AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - St. Juliana, Alexis C4 - 1ad1d794-bc57-4e48-ab28-0e2b65767cb9 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0MG7MDX PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 43–68 ST - Ch. 2: Temperature-related death and illness T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 2: Temperature-related death and illness ID - 19374 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schuur, E. A. G. AU - McGuire, A. D. AU - Schadel, C. AU - Grosse, G. AU - Harden, J. W. AU - Hayes, D. J. AU - Hugelius, G. AU - Koven, C. D. AU - Kuhry, P. AU - Lawrence, D. M. AU - Natali, S. M. AU - Olefeldt, D. AU - Romanovsky, V. E. AU - Schaefer, K. AU - Turetsky, M. R. AU - Treat, C. C. AU - Vonk, J. E. DA - 04/09/print DO - 10.1038/nature14338 IS - 7546 M3 - Review PY - 2015 SN - 0028-0836 SP - 171-179 ST - Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback T2 - Nature TI - Climate change and the permafrost carbon feedback VL - 520 ID - 19517 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Searchinger, Tim AU - Edwards, R AU - Mulligan, D AU - Heimlich, R AU - Plevin, R DO - 10.1126/science.1261221 IS - 6229 PY - 2015 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 1420-1422 ST - Do biofuel policies seek to cut emissions by cutting food? T2 - Science TI - Do biofuel policies seek to cut emissions by cutting food? VL - 347 ID - 22639 ER - TY - WEB AU - Second Nature CY - Boston, MA M1 - March 30 PB - Second Nature Inc. PY - 2018 ST - Second Nature Reporting Platform [web tool] TI - Second Nature Reporting Platform [web tool] UR - http://reporting.secondnature.org/ VL - 2018 ID - 25225 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Societal risks increase as Earth warms, and increase further for emissions trajectories accepting relatively high levels of near-term emissions while assuming future negative emissions will compensate, even if they lead to identical warming as trajectories with reduced near-term emissions 1 . Accelerating carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reductions, including as a substitute for negative emissions, hence reduces long-term risks but requires dramatic near-term societal transformations 2 . A major barrier to emissions reductions is the difficulty of reconciling immediate, localized costs with global, long-term benefits3,4. However, 2 °C trajectories not relying on negative emissions or 1.5 °C trajectories require elimination of most fossil-fuel-related emissions. This generally reduces co-emissions that cause ambient air pollution, resulting in near-term, localized health benefits. We therefore examine the human health benefits of increasing 21st-century CO2 reductions by 180 GtC, an amount that would shift a ‘standard’ 2 °C scenario to 1.5 °C or could achieve 2 °C without negative emissions. The decreased air pollution leads to 153 ± 43 million fewer premature deaths worldwide, with ~40% occurring during the next 40 years, and minimal climate disbenefits. More than a million premature deaths would be prevented in many metropolitan areas in Asia and Africa, and >200,000 in individual urban areas on every inhabited continent except Australia. AU - Shindell, Drew AU - Faluvegi, Greg AU - Seltzer, Karl AU - Shindell, Cary DA - 2018/04/01 DO - 10.1038/s41558-018-0108-y IS - 4 PY - 2018 SN - 1758-6798 SP - 291-295 ST - Quantified, localized health benefits of accelerated carbon dioxide emissions reductions T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Quantified, localized health benefits of accelerated carbon dioxide emissions reductions VL - 8 ID - 25204 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shindell, Drew AU - Kuylenstierna, Johan C. I. AU - Vignati, Elizabeth AU - van Dingenen, Rita AU - Amann, Markus AU - Klimont, Zbigniew AU - Anenberg, Susan C. AU - Muller, Nicholas AU - Janssens-Maenhout, Greet AU - Raes, Frank AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Faluvegi, Greg AU - Pozzoli, Luca AU - Kupiainen, Kaarle AU - Höglund-Isaksson, Lena AU - Emberson, Lisa AU - Streets, David AU - Ramanathan, V. AU - Hicks, Kevin AU - Oanh, N. T. Kim AU - Milly, George AU - Williams, Martin AU - Demkine, Volodymyr AU - Fowler, David C6 - NCA DA - Jan DO - 10.1126/science.1210026 IS - 6065 KW - black carbon; hydrological cycle; air-quality; emissions; ozone; impacts; projections; mortality; aerosols; monsoon LA - English M3 - Article PY - 2012 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 183-189 ST - Simultaneously mitigating near-term climate change and improving human health and food security T2 - Science TI - Simultaneously mitigating near-term climate change and improving human health and food security VL - 335 ID - 15395 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To have a >50% chance of limiting warming below 2 [deg]C, most recent scenarios from integrated assessment models (IAMs) require large-scale deployment of negative emissions technologies (NETs). These are technologies that result in the net removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. We quantify potential global impacts of the different NETs on various factors (such as land, greenhouse gas emissions, water, albedo, nutrients and energy) to determine the biophysical limits to, and economic costs of, their widespread application. Resource implications vary between technologies and need to be satisfactorily addressed if NETs are to have a significant role in achieving climate goals. AU - Smith, Pete AU - Davis, Steven J. AU - Creutzig, Felix AU - Fuss, Sabine AU - Minx, Jan AU - Gabrielle, Benoit AU - Kato, Etsushi AU - Jackson, Robert B. AU - Cowie, Annette AU - Kriegler, Elmar AU - van Vuuren, Detlef P. AU - Rogelj, Joeri AU - Ciais, Philippe AU - Milne, Jennifer AU - Canadell, Josep G. AU - McCollum, David AU - Peters, Glen AU - Andrew, Robbie AU - Krey, Volker AU - Shrestha, Gyami AU - Friedlingstein, Pierre AU - Gasser, Thomas AU - Grubler, Arnulf AU - Heidug, Wolfgang K. AU - Jonas, Matthias AU - Jones, Chris D. AU - Kraxner, Florian AU - Littleton, Emma AU - Lowe, Jason AU - Moreira, Jose Roberto AU - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa AU - Obersteiner, Michael AU - Patwardhan, Anand AU - Rogner, Mathis AU - Rubin, Ed AU - Sharifi, Ayyoob AU - Torvanger, Asbjorn AU - Yamagata, Yoshiki AU - Edmonds, Jae AU - Yongsung, Cho DA - 12/07/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2870 M3 - Review PY - 2016 SN - 1758-6798 SP - 42-50 ST - Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO2 emissions T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Biophysical and economic limits to negative CO2 emissions VL - 6 ID - 20242 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stern, Nicholas DO - 10.1257/jel.51.3.838 IS - 3 PY - 2013 SP - 838-59 ST - The structure of economic modeling of the potential impacts of climate change: Grafting gross underestimation of risk onto already narrow science models T2 - Journal of Economic Literature TI - The structure of economic modeling of the potential impacts of climate change: Grafting gross underestimation of risk onto already narrow science models VL - 51 ID - 24464 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stern, Nicholas DO - 10.1038/530407a PY - 2016 SP - 407-409 ST - Economics: Current climate models are grossly misleading T2 - Nature TI - Economics: Current climate models are grossly misleading VL - 530 ID - 24465 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Su, Jason G. AU - Meng, Ying-Ying AU - Pickett, Melissa AU - Seto, Edmund AU - Ritz, Beate AU - Jerrett, Michael DA - 2016/08/16 DO - 10.1021/acs.est.6b00926 IS - 16 PY - 2016 SN - 0013-936X SP - 8687-8696 ST - Identification of effects of regulatory actions on air quality in goods movement corridors in California T2 - Environmental Science & Technology TI - Identification of effects of regulatory actions on air quality in goods movement corridors in California VL - 50 ID - 25205 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Sweet, W.V. AU - Horton, R. AU - Kopp, R.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. AU - Romanou, A. C4 - 3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0VM49F2 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 12 SP - 333-363 ST - Sea level rise T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Sea level rise ID - 21570 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taylor, Lyla L. AU - Quirk, Joe AU - Thorley, Rachel M. S. AU - Kharecha, Pushker A. AU - Hansen, James AU - Ridgwell, Andy AU - Lomas, Mark R. AU - Banwart, Steve A. AU - Beerling, David J. DA - 12/14/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2882 PY - 2016 SP - 402-406 ST - Enhanced weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean acidification T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Enhanced weathering strategies for stabilizing climate and averting ocean acidification VL - 6 ID - 24463 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Taylor, P.C. AU - Maslowski, W. AU - Perlwitz, J. AU - Wuebbles, D.J. C4 - 61d6757d-3f7a-4e90-add7-b03de796c6c4 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J00863GK PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 11 SP - 303-332 ST - Arctic changes and their effects on Alaska and the rest of the United States T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Arctic changes and their effects on Alaska and the rest of the United States ID - 21569 ER - TY - WEB AU - The World Bank CY - Washington, DC M1 - March 28 PB - The World Bank PY - 2018 ST - Carbon Pricing Dashboard [web tool] TI - Carbon Pricing Dashboard [web tool] UR - https://carbonpricingdashboard.worldbank.org/ VL - 2018 ID - 25227 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thompson, Tammy M. AU - Rausch, Sebastian AU - Saari, Rebecca K. AU - Selin, Noelle E. DA - 08/24/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2342 M3 - Article PY - 2014 SP - 917-923 ST - A systems approach to evaluating the air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - A systems approach to evaluating the air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies VL - 4 ID - 24236 ER - TY - WEB AU - U.S. Climate Alliance PB - U.S. Climate Alliance PY - 2018 ST - United States Climate Alliance: States United for Climate Action [web site] TI - United States Climate Alliance: States United for Climate Action [web site] UR - https://www.usclimatealliance.org/ ID - 24527 ER - TY - RPRT AU - U.S. Department of State CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. State Department PY - 2016 SP - 75 ST - Second Biennial Report of the United States of America TI - Second Biennial Report of the United States of America UR - http://unfccc.int/files/national_reports/biennial_reports_and_iar/submitted_biennial_reports/application/pdf/2016_second_biennial_report_of_the_united_states_.pdf ID - 20628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Underwood, B. Shane AU - Guido, Zack AU - Gudipudi, Padmini AU - Feinberg, Yarden DA - 09/18/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate3390 PY - 2017 SP - 704 ST - Increased costs to US pavement infrastructure from future temperature rise T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Increased costs to US pavement infrastructure from future temperature rise VL - 7 ID - 25206 ER - TY - RPRT AU - UNFCCC CY - Bonn, Germany PB - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change PY - 2015 SP - 25 ST - Paris Agreement TI - Paris Agreement UR - http://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/convention/application/pdf/english_paris_agreement.pdf ID - 20129 ER - TY - RPRT AU - UNFCCC CY - Bonn, Germany PB - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change PY - 2018 ST - Paris Agreement—Status of ratification TI - Paris Agreement—Status of ratification UR - https://unfccc.int/process/the-paris-agreement/status-of-ratification ID - 26163 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The United States is the largest producer of maize in the world, a crop for which demand continues to rise rapidly. Past studies have projected that climate change will negatively impact mean maize yields in this region, while at the same time increasing yield variability. However, some have questioned the accuracy of these projections because they are often based on indirect measures of soil moisture, have failed to explicitly capture the potential interactions between temperature and soil moisture availability, and often omit the beneficial effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) on transpiration efficiency. Here we use a new detailed dataset on field-level yields in Iowa, Indiana, and Illinois, along with fine-resolution daily weather data and moisture reconstructions, to evaluate the combined effects of moisture and heat on maize yields in the region. Projected climate change scenarios over this region from a suite of CMIP5 models are then used to assess future impacts and the differences between two contrasting emissions scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). We show that (i) statistical models which explicitly account for interactions between heat and moisture, which have not been represented in previous empirical models, lead to significant model improvement and significantly higher projected yield variability under warming and drying trends than when accounting for each factor independently; (ii) inclusion of the benefits of elevated CO 2 significantly reduces impacts, particularly for yield variability; and (iii) net damages from climate change and CO 2 become larger for the higher emission scenario in the latter half of the 21st century, and significantly so by the end of century. AU - Urban, Daniel W. AU - Sheffield, Justin AU - Lobell, David B. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/10/4/045003 IS - 4 PY - 2015 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 045003 ST - The impacts of future climate and carbon dioxide changes on the average and variability of US maize yields under two emission scenarios T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - The impacts of future climate and carbon dioxide changes on the average and variability of US maize yields under two emission scenarios VL - 10 ID - 24462 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There is great interest in understanding how species might respond to our changing climate, but predictions have varied greatly. Urban looked at over 130 studies to identify the level of risk that climate change poses to species and the specific traits and characteristics that contribute to risk (see the Perspective by Hille Ris Lambers). If climate changes proceed as expected, one in six species could face extinction. Several regions, including South America, Australia, and New Zealand, face the greatest risk. Understanding these patterns will help us to prepare for, and hopefully prevent, climate-related loss of biodiversity.Science, this issue p. 571; see also p. 501Current predictions of extinction risks from climate change vary widely depending on the specific assumptions and geographic and taxonomic focus of each study. I synthesized published studies in order to estimate a global mean extinction rate and determine which factors contribute the greatest uncertainty to climate change–induced extinction risks. Results suggest that extinction risks will accelerate with future global temperatures, threatening up to one in six species under current policies. Extinction risks were highest in South America, Australia, and New Zealand, and risks did not vary by taxonomic group. Realistic assumptions about extinction debt and dispersal capacity substantially increased extinction risks. We urgently need to adopt strategies that limit further climate change if we are to avoid an acceleration of global extinctions. AU - Urban, Mark C. DO - 10.1126/science.aaa4984 IS - 6234 PY - 2015 SP - 571-573 ST - Accelerating extinction risk from climate change T2 - Science TI - Accelerating extinction risk from climate change VL - 348 ID - 23462 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Equilibrium climate sensitivity measures the long‐term response of surface temperature to changes in atmospheric CO2. The range of climate sensitivities in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report is unchanged from that published almost 30 years earlier in the Charney Report. We conduct perfect model experiments using an energy balance model to study the rate at which uncertainties might be reduced by observation of global temperature and ocean heat uptake. We find that a climate sensitivity of 1.5°C can be statistically distinguished from 3°C by 2030, 3°C from 4.5°C by 2040, and 4.5°C from 6°C by 2065. Learning rates are slowest in the scenarios of greatest concern (high sensitivities), due to a longer ocean response time, which may have bearing on wait‐and‐see versus precautionary mitigation policies. Learning rates are optimistic in presuming the availability of whole ocean heat data but pessimistic by using simple aggregated metrics and model physics. AU - Urban, Nathan M. AU - Holden, Philip B. AU - Edwards, Neil R. AU - Sriver, Ryan L. AU - Keller, Klaus DO - 10.1002/2014GL059484 IS - 7 PY - 2014 SP - 2543-2552 ST - Historical and future learning about climate sensitivity T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Historical and future learning about climate sensitivity VL - 41 ID - 25207 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Co-benefits rarely enter quantitative decision-support frameworks, often because the methodologies for their integration are lacking or not known. This review fills in this gap by providing comprehensive methodological guidance on the quantification of co-impacts and their integration into climate-related decision making based on the literature. The article first clarifies the confusion in the literature about related terms and makes a proposal for a more consistent terminological framework, then emphasizes the importance of working in a multiple-objective–multiple-impact framework. It creates a taxonomy of co-impacts and uses this to propose a methodological framework for the identification of the key co-impacts to be assessed for a given climate policy and to avoid double counting. It reviews the different methods available to quantify and monetize different co-impacts and introduces three methodological frameworks that can be used to integrate these results into decision making. On the basis of an initial assessment of selected studies, it also demonstrates that the incorporation of co-impacts can significantly change the outcome of economic assessments. Finally, the review calls for major new research and innovation toward simplified evaluation methods and streamlined tools for more widely applicable appraisals of co-impacts for decision making. AU - Ürge-Vorsatz, Diana AU - Herrero, Sergio Tirado AU - Dubash, Navroz K. AU - Lecocq, Franck DO - 10.1146/annurev-environ-031312-125456 IS - 1 KW - multiple benefits,co-benefits,adverse side effects,risks,co-impacts,quantification,social cost-benefit analysis,multicriteria analysis,integrated assessment models,decision support PY - 2014 SP - 549-582 ST - Measuring the co-benefits of climate change mitigation T2 - Annual Review of Environment and Resources TI - Measuring the co-benefits of climate change mitigation VL - 39 ID - 24461 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - USGCRP CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0J964J6 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SP - 470 ST - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I ID - 21557 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Cavallaro, N. A2 - Shrestha, G. A2 - Birdsey, R. A2 - Mayes, M. A2 - Najjar, R. A2 - Reed, S. A2 - Romero-Lankao, P. A2 - Zhu, Z. AU - USGCRP CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/SOCCR2.2018 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2018 SP - 877 ST - Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2): A Sustained Assessment Report TI - Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report (SOCCR2): A Sustained Assessment Report UR - https://carbon2018.globalchange.gov/downloads/SOCCR2_2018_FullReport.pdf ID - 24526 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Increasingly frequent severe coral bleaching is among the greatest threats to coral reefs posed by climate change. Global climate models (GCMs) project great spatial variation in the timing of annual severe bleaching (ASB) conditions; a point at which reefs are certain to change and recovery will be limited. AU - van Hooidonk, Ruben AU - Maynard, Jeffrey AU - Tamelander, Jerker AU - Gove, Jamison AU - Ahmadia, Gabby AU - Raymundo, Laurie AU - Williams, Gareth AU - Heron, Scott F. AU - Planes, Serge DA - 2016/12/21/ DO - 10.1038/srep39666 DP - www.nature.com LA - en PY - 2016 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 39666 ST - Local-scale projections of coral reef futures and implications of the Paris Agreement T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Local-scale projections of coral reef futures and implications of the Paris Agreement VL - 6 Y2 - 2017/05/31/02:01:12 ID - 22452 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Warren, R. AU - VanDerWal, J. AU - Price, J. AU - Welbergen, J. A. AU - Atkinson, I. AU - Ramirez-Villegas, J. AU - Osborn, T. J. AU - Jarvis, A. AU - Shoo, L. P. AU - Williams, S. E. AU - Lowe, J. DA - 05/12/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate1887 PY - 2013 SP - 678-682 ST - Quantifying the benefit of early climate change mitigation in avoiding biodiversity loss T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Quantifying the benefit of early climate change mitigation in avoiding biodiversity loss VL - 3 ID - 24460 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Watkiss, Paul NV - Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy Working Paper No. 231 and Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment Working Paper No. 205 PB - Centre for Climate Change Economics and Policy (CCCEP) and Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment PY - 2015 SP - 41 ST - A Review of the Economics of Adaptation and Climate-Resilient Development TI - A Review of the Economics of Adaptation and Climate-Resilient Development UR - http://www.lse.ac.uk/GranthamInstitute/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Working-Paper-205-Watkiss.pdf ID - 24528 ER - TY - JOUR AU - West, J. Jason AU - Smith, Steven J. AU - Silva, Raquel A. AU - Naik, Vaishali AU - Zhang, Yuqiang AU - Adelman, Zachariah AU - Fry, Meridith M. AU - Anenberg, Susan AU - Horowitz, Larry W. AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois DA - 10//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2009 IS - 10 M3 - Letter PY - 2013 SN - 1758-678X SP - 885-889 ST - Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air quality and human health T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air quality and human health VL - 3 ID - 21695 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This article reviews the use of integrated assessment models (IAMs) in climate policy and research at the global scale. Two different types of IAMs are discussed. First, there are models that focus on climate change mitigation options and climate change impacts in some detail without necessarily valuing or aggregating all possible impacts into a single measure of projected climate damages. Here they are called detailed process (DP) IAMs. A second class of IAMs are much more highly aggregated and focus on calculating carbon emissions trajectories and carbon prices that maximize global welfare. Here these models are referred to as aggregate benefit–cost analysis (BCA) IAMs.Early IAMs of both types were introduced about 30 years ago and by now have been applied to many important policy and research design issues. Continual advancements in physical and economic system understanding, modeling techniques, and computational power should continue to open up many additional opportunities for using these models to provide relevant information to decision makers. While the models can be improved in many areas, much of the uncertainty that exists reflects a lack of complete scientific understanding of the systems involved rather than limitations of one or another approach to model construction and use. AU - Weyant, John DO - 10.1093/reep/rew018 IS - 1 N1 - 10.1093/reep/rew018 PY - 2017 SN - 1750-6816 SP - 115-137 ST - Some contributions of integrated assessment models of global climate change T2 - Review of Environmental Economics and Policy TI - Some contributions of integrated assessment models of global climate change VL - 11 ID - 24459 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wiens, John AU - Fargione, Joseph AU - Hill, Jason DO - 10.1890/09-0673.1 IS - 4 KW - biodiversity biofuels Conservation Reserve Program corn ethanol Henslow's Sparrow land use PY - 2011 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 1085-1095 ST - Biofuels and biodiversity T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Biofuels and biodiversity VL - 21 ID - 24458 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Renewable portfolio standards (RPS) exist in 29 US states and the District of Columbia. This article summarizes the first national-level, integrated assessment of the future costs and benefits of existing RPS policies; the same metrics are evaluated under a second scenario in which widespread expansion of these policies is assumed to occur. Depending on assumptions about renewable energy technology advancement and natural gas prices, existing RPS policies increase electric system costs by as much as $31 billion, on a present-value basis over 2015−2050. The expanded renewable deployment scenario yields incremental costs that range from $23 billion to $194 billion, depending on the assumptions employed. The monetized value of improved air quality and reduced climate damages exceed these costs. Using central assumptions, existing RPS policies yield $97 billion in air-pollution health benefits and $161 billion in climate damage reductions. Under the expanded RPS case, health benefits total $558 billion and climate benefits equal $599 billion. These scenarios also yield benefits in the form of reduced water use. RPS programs are not likely to represent the most cost effective path towards achieving air quality and climate benefits. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that US RPS programs are, on a national basis, cost effective when considering externalities. AU - Wiser, Ryan AU - Mai, Trieu AU - Millstein, Dev AU - Barbose, Galen AU - Bird, Lori AU - Heeter, Jenny AU - Keyser, David AU - Krishnan, Venkat AU - Macknick, Jordan DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa87bd IS - 9 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 094023 ST - Assessing the costs and benefits of US renewable portfolio standards T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Assessing the costs and benefits of US renewable portfolio standards VL - 12 ID - 25208 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wobus, Cameron AU - Small, Eric E. AU - Hosterman, Heather AU - Mills, David AU - Stein, Justin AU - Rissing, Matthew AU - Jones, Russell AU - Duckworth, Michael AU - Hall, Ronald AU - Kolian, Michael AU - Creason, Jared AU - Martinich, Jeremy DA - 2017/07/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2017.04.006 KW - Climate change Skiing Snowmobiling Snowmaking Adaptation PY - 2017 SN - 0959-3780 SP - 1-14 ST - Projected climate change impacts on skiing and snowmobiling: A case study of the United States T2 - Global Environmental Change TI - Projected climate change impacts on skiing and snowmobiling: A case study of the United States VL - 45 ID - 21625 ER - TY - WEB AU - World Resources Institute CY - Washington, DC M1 - April 11 PB - World Resources Institute PY - 2018 ST - CAIT Climate Data Explorer [web tool] TI - CAIT Climate Data Explorer [web tool] UR - http://cait.wri.org/ VL - 2018 ID - 25228 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Wuebbles, D.J. AU - Fahey, D.W. AU - Hibbard, K.A. AU - DeAngelo, B. AU - Doherty, S. AU - Hayhoe, K. AU - Horton, R. AU - Kossin, J.P. AU - Taylor, P.C. AU - Waple, A.M. AU - Weaver, C.P. C4 - 21f65069-74b3-4bf7-bc09-0f359b825aad CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0DJ5CTG PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Exec. Sum. SP - 12-34 ST - Executive summary T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Executive summary ID - 21558 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yang, Jiachuan AU - Wang, Zhi-Hua AU - Kaloush, Kamil E. DA - 2015/07/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.092 KW - Building energy efficiency Cool roofs Reflective materials Regional hydroclimate Thermal comfort Urban heat island mitigation Urban sustainability PY - 2015 SN - 1364-0321 SP - 830-843 ST - Environmental impacts of reflective materials: Is high albedo a "silver bullet" for mitigating urban heat island? T2 - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews TI - Environmental impacts of reflective materials: Is high albedo a "silver bullet" for mitigating urban heat island? VL - 47 ID - 24457 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We compare life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from several light-duty passenger gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) across US counties by accounting for regional differences due to marginal grid mix, ambient temperature, patterns of vehicle miles traveled (VMT), and driving conditions (city versus highway). We find that PEVs can have larger or smaller carbon footprints than gasoline vehicles, depending on these regional factors and the specific vehicle models being compared. The Nissan Leaf battery electric vehicle has a smaller carbon footprint than the most efficient gasoline vehicle (the Toyota Prius) in the urban counties of California, Texas and Florida, whereas the Prius has a smaller carbon footprint in the Midwest and the South. The Leaf is lower emitting than the Mazda 3 conventional gasoline vehicle in most urban counties, but the Mazda 3 is lower emitting in rural Midwest counties. The Chevrolet Volt plug-in hybrid electric vehicle has a larger carbon footprint than the Prius throughout the continental US, though the Volt has a smaller carbon footprint than the Mazda 3 in many urban counties. Regional grid mix, temperature, driving conditions, and vehicle model all have substantial implications for identifying which technology has the lowest carbon footprint, whereas regional patterns of VMT have a much smaller effect. Given the variation in relative GHG implications, it is unlikely that blunt policy instruments that favor specific technology categories can ensure emission reductions universally. AU - Yuksel, Tugce AU - Tamayao, Mili-Ann M. AU - Hendrickson, Chris AU - Azevedo, Inês M. L. AU - Michalek, Jeremy J. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/044007 IS - 4 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 044007 ST - Effect of regional grid mix, driving patterns and climate on the comparative carbon footprint of gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles in the United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Effect of regional grid mix, driving patterns and climate on the comparative carbon footprint of gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles in the United States VL - 11 ID - 24456 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zapata, C. B. AU - Yang, C. AU - Yeh, S. AU - Ogden, J. AU - Kleeman, M. J. DO - 10.5194/acp-18-4817-2018 IS - 7 N1 - ACP PY - 2018 SN - 1680-7324 SP - 4817-4830 ST - Low-carbon energy generates public health savings in California T2 - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics TI - Low-carbon energy generates public health savings in California VL - 18 ID - 25209 ER - TY - WEB AU - ZEV PB - Multi-State ZEV (Zero-Emission Vehicle) Task Force PY - 2018 ST - Multi-State ZEV Task Force [web site] TI - Multi-State ZEV Task Force [web site] UR - https://www.zevstates.us/ ID - 26142 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can bring ancillary benefits of improved air quality and reduced premature mortality, in addition to slowing climate change. Here we study the co-benefits of global and domestic GHG mitigation on US air quality and human health in 2050 at fine resolution using dynamical downscaling of meteorology and air quality from global simulations to the continental US, and quantify for the first time the co-benefits from foreign GHG mitigation. Relative to the reference scenario from which Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCP4.5) was created, global GHG reductions in RCP4.5 avoid 16 000 PM 2.5 -related all-cause deaths yr −1 (90% confidence interval, 11 700–20 300), and 8000 (3600–12 400) O 3 -related respiratory deaths yr −1 in the US in 2050. Foreign GHG mitigation avoids 15% and 62% of PM 2.5 -and O 3 -related total avoided deaths, highlighting the importance of foreign mitigation for US health. GHG mitigation in the US residential sector brings the largest co-benefits for PM 2.5 -related deaths (21% of total domestic co-benefits), and industry for O 3 (17%). Monetized benefits for avoided deaths from ozone and PM 2.5 are $137 ($87–$187) per ton CO 2 at high valuation and $45 ($29–62) at low valuation, of which 31% are from foreign GHG reductions. These benefits likely exceed the marginal cost of GHG reductions in 2050. The US gains significantly greater air quality and health co-benefits when its GHG emission reductions are concurrent with reductions in other nations. Similarly, previous studies estimating co-benefits locally or regionally may greatly underestimate the full co-benefits of coordinated global actions. AU - Zhang, Yuqiang AU - Smith, Steven J. AU - Bowden, Jared H. AU - Adelman, Zachariah AU - West, J. Jason DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa8f76 IS - 11 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 114033 ST - Co-benefits of global, domestic, and sectoral greenhouse gas mitigation for US air quality and human health in 2050 T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Co-benefits of global, domestic, and sectoral greenhouse gas mitigation for US air quality and human health in 2050 VL - 12 ID - 25210 ER -