TY - JOUR AB - Scientists have long predicted large-scale responses of infectious diseases to climate change, giving rise to a polarizing debate, especially concerning human pathogens for which socioeconomic drivers and control measures can limit the detection of climate-mediated changes. Climate change has already increased the occurrence of diseases in some natural and agricultural systems, but in many cases, outcomes depend on the form of climate change and details of the host-pathogen system. In this review, we highlight research progress and gaps that have emerged during the past decade and develop a predictive framework that integrates knowledge from ecophysiology and community ecology with modeling approaches. Future work must continue to anticipate and monitor pathogen biodiversity and disease trends in natural ecosystems and identify opportunities to mitigate the impacts of climate-driven disease emergence. AD - Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. saltizer@uga.edu AU - Altizer, S. AU - Ostfeld, R. S. AU - Johnson, P. T. AU - Kutz, S. AU - Harvell, C. D. C6 - NIEHS DA - Aug 2 DB - DO - 10.1126/science.1239401 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2013/08/03 IS - 6145 KW - Animals Biodiversity Climate Change Communicable Diseases/ epidemiology/transmission Extinction, Biological Health Host-Parasite Interactions Host-Pathogen Interactions Humans Prognosis LA - eng N1 - Altizer, Sonia Ostfeld, Richard S Johnson, Pieter T J Kutz, Susan Harvell, C Drew Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review United States Science. 2013 Aug 2;341(6145):514-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1239401. PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved SN - 1095-9203 (Electronic) 0036-8075 (Linking) SP - 514-519 ST - Climate change and infectious diseases: From evidence to a predictive framework T2 - Science TI - Climate change and infectious diseases: From evidence to a predictive framework VL - 341 ID - 4032 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Canadian prairie provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta have reported the highest human incidence of clinical cases of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in Canada. The primary vector for WVN in this region is the mosquito Culex tarsalis. This study used constructed models and biological thresholds to predict the spatial and temporal distribution of Cx. tarsalis and WNV infection rate in the prairie provinces under a range of potential future climate and habitat conditions. We selected one median and two extreme outcome scenarios to represent future climate conditions in the 2020 (2010-2039), 2050 (2040-2069) and 2080 (2070-2099) time slices. In currently endemic regions, the projected WNV infection rate under the median outcome scenario in 2050 raised 17.91 times (ranged from 1.29-27.45 times for all scenarios and time slices) comparing to current climate conditions. Seasonal availability of Cx. tarsalis infected with WNV extended from June to August to include May and September. Moreover, our models predicted northward range expansion for Cx. tarsalis (1.06-2.56 times the current geographic area) and WNV (1.08-2.34 times the current geographic area). These findings predict future public and animal health risk of WNV in the Canadian prairie provinces. AU - Chen, C. C. AU - Jenkins, E. AU - Epp, T. AU - Waldner, C. AU - Curry, P. S. AU - Soos, C. C6 - NIEHS DA - Jul DB - DO - 10.3390/ijerph10073052 DP - CCII Web of Science IS - 7 KW - West Nile virus Culex tarsalis climate change Canadian prairies spatial and temporal distribution habitat culex-tarsalis diptera infectious-diseases vector-borne boreal forest culicidae california canada risk transmission temperature LA - English M3 - Article N1 - Times Cited: 0 Chen, Chen C. Jenkins, Emily Epp, Tasha Waldner, Cheryl Curry, Philip S. Soos, Catherine Pilot Infectious Disease Impact and Response System (PIDIRS)/program of Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) We thank the Pilot Infectious Disease Impact and Response System (PIDIRS)/program of Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) for their funding support, and Environment Canada (climate) and Public Health Division of Manitoba Health (mosquito) for providing data. Mdpi ag Basel PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved SN - 1660-4601 SP - 3052-3071 ST - Climate change and West Nile virus in a highly endemic region of North America T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health TI - Climate change and West Nile virus in a highly endemic region of North America VL - 10 ID - 4219 ER - TY - JOUR AB - OBJECTIVES: Many public health adaptation strategies have been identified in response to climate change. This report reviews current literature on health co-benefits and risks of these strategies to gain a better understanding of how they may affect health. METHODS: A literature review was conducted electronically using English language literature from January 2000 to March 2012. Of 812 articles identified, 22 peer-reviewed articles that directly addressed health co-benefits or risks of adaptation were included in the review. RESULTS: The co-benefits and risks identified in the literature most commonly relate to improvements in health associated with adaptation actions that affect social capital and urban design. Health co-benefits of improvements in social capital have positive influences on mental health, independently of other determinants. Risks included reinforcing existing misconceptions regarding health. Health co-benefits of urban design strategies included reduced obesity, cardiovascular disease and improved mental health through increased physical activity, cooling spaces (e.g., shaded areas), and social connectivity. Risks included pollen allergies with increased urban green space, and adverse health effects from heat events through the use of air conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the current limited understanding of the full impacts of the wide range of existing climate change adaptation strategies, further research should focus on both unintended positive and negative consequences of public health adaptation. AD - Public Health and Preventive Medicine Program, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, HSC2C2, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4K1, Canada. june.cheng@medportal.ca AN - 23111371 AU - Cheng, J. J. AU - Berry, P. C2 - 3607711 C6 - NIEHS DA - Apr DB - DO - 10.1007/s00038-012-0422-5 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2012/11/01 IS - 2 KW - Adaptation, Physiological Climate Change Humans Public Health Risk Factors LA - eng N1 - Cheng, June J Berry, Peter Review Switzerland Int J Public Health. 2013 Apr;58(2):305-11. doi: 10.1007/s00038-012-0422-5. Epub 2012 Oct 31. PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique SN - 1661-8564 (Electronic) 1661-8556 (Linking) SP - 305-311 ST - Health co-benefits and risks of public health adaptation strategies to climate change: A review of current literature T2 - International Journal of Public Health TI - Health co-benefits and risks of public health adaptation strategies to climate change: A review of current literature VL - 58 ID - 4223 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Most heat-related deaths occur in cities, and future trends in global climate change and urbanization may amplify this trend. Understanding how neighborhoods affect heat mortality fills an important gap between studies of individual susceptibility to heat and broadly comparative studies of temperature-mortality relationships in cities. OBJECTIVES: We estimated neighborhood effects of population characteristics and built and natural environments on deaths due to heat exposure in Maricopa County, Arizona (2000-2008). METHODS: We used 2000 U.S. Census data and remotely sensed vegetation and land surface temperature to construct indicators of neighborhood vulnerability and a geographic information system to map vulnerability and residential addresses of persons who died from heat exposure in 2,081 census block groups. Binary logistic regression and spatial analysis were used to associate deaths with neighborhoods. RESULTS: Neighborhood scores on three factors-socioeconomic vulnerability, elderly/isolation, and unvegetated area-varied widely throughout the study area. The preferred model (based on fit and parsimony) for predicting the odds of one or more deaths from heat exposure within a census block group included the first two factors and surface temperature in residential neighborhoods, holding population size constant. Spatial analysis identified clusters of neighborhoods with the highest heat vulnerability scores. A large proportion of deaths occurred among people, including homeless persons, who lived in the inner cores of the largest cities and along an industrial corridor. CONCLUSIONS: Place-based indicators of vulnerability complement analyses of person-level heat risk factors. Surface temperature might be used in Maricopa County to identify the most heat-vulnerable neighborhoods, but more attention to the socioecological complexities of climate adaptation is needed. AD - School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85284-2402, USA. sharon.harlan@asu.edu AN - 23164621 AU - Harlan, Sharon L. AU - Declet-Barreto, Juan H. AU - Stefanov, William L. AU - Petitti, Diana B. C2 - 3569676 C6 - NIEHS DA - Feb DB - DO - 10.1289/ehp.1104625 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2012/11/21 IS - 2 KW - Arizona/epidemiology Female Geographic Information Systems Heat Stress Disorders/ mortality Humans Male Residence Characteristics Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors LA - eng N1 - Harlan, Sharon L Declet-Barreto, Juan H Stefanov, William L Petitti, Diana B Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. United States Environ Health Perspect. 2013 Feb;121(2):197-204. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1104625. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved SN - 1552-9924 (Electronic) 0091-6765 (Linking) SP - 197-204 ST - Neighborhood effects on heat deaths: Social and environmental predictors of vulnerability in Maricopa County, Arizona T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Neighborhood effects on heat deaths: Social and environmental predictors of vulnerability in Maricopa County, Arizona VL - 121 ID - 4523 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Emerging vector-borne diseases are an important issue in global health. Many vector-borne pathogens have appeared in new regions in the past two decades, while many endemic diseases have increased in incidence. Although introductions and emergence of endemic pathogens are often considered to be distinct processes, many endemic pathogens are actually spreading at a local scale coincident with habitat change. We draw attention to key differences between dynamics and disease burden that result from increased pathogen transmission after habitat change and after introduction into new regions. Local emergence is commonly driven by changes in human factors as much as by enhanced enzootic cycles, whereas pathogen invasion results from anthropogenic trade and travel where and when conditions (eg, hosts, vectors, and climate) are suitable for a pathogen. Once a pathogen is established, ecological factors related to vector characteristics can shape the evolutionary selective pressure and result in increased use of people as transmission hosts. We describe challenges inherent in the control of vector-borne zoonotic diseases and some emerging non-traditional strategies that could be effective in the long term. AD - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA. akilpatr@ucsc.edu AU - Kilpatrick, A. M. AU - Randolph, S. E. C2 - 3739480 C6 - NIEHS DA - Dec 1 DB - DO - 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61151-9 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2012/12/04 IS - 9857 KW - Animals Blood-Borne Pathogens Climate Change Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology/ prevention & control/transmission Disease Vectors Humans Incidence Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors Tick Infestations/epidemiology World Health Zoonoses/ epidemiology LA - eng N1 - Kilpatrick, A Marm Randolph, Sarah E R01 AI090159/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Review England Nihms495681 Lancet. 2012 Dec 1;380(9857):1946-55. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61151-9. PY - 2012 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved SN - 1474-547X (Electronic) 0140-6736 (Linking) SP - 1946-1955 ST - Drivers, dynamics, and control of emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases T2 - Lancet TI - Drivers, dynamics, and control of emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases VL - 380 ID - 4654 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: The observational evidence of the impacts of climate conditions on human health is accumulating. A variety of direct, indirect, and systemically mediated health effects have been identified. Excessive daily heat exposures create direct effects, such as heat stroke (and possibly death), reduce work productivity, and interfere with daily household activities. Extreme weather events, including storms, floods, and droughts, create direct injury risks and follow-on outbreaks of infectious diseases, lack of nutrition, and mental stress. Climate change will increase these direct health effects. Indirect effects include malnutrition and under-nutrition due to failing local agriculture, spread of vector-borne diseases and other infectious diseases, and mental health and other problems caused by forced migration from affected homes and workplaces. Examples of systemically mediated impacts on population health include famine, conflicts, and the consequences of large-scale adverse economic effects due to reduced human and environmental productivity. This article highlights links between climate change and non-communicable health problems, a major concern for global health beyond 2015. DISCUSSION: Detailed regional analysis of climate conditions clearly shows increasing temperatures in many parts of the world. Climate modelling indicates that by the year 2100 the global average temperature may have increased by 34 degrees C unless fundamental reductions in current global trends for greenhouse gas emissions are achieved. Given other unforeseeable environmental, social, demographic, and geopolitical changes that may occur in a plus-4-degree world, that scenario may comprise a largely uninhabitable world for millions of people and great social and military tensions. CONCLUSION: It is imperative that we identify actions and strategies that are effective in reducing these increasingly likely threats to health and well-being. The fundamental preventive strategy is, of course, climate change mitigation by significantly reducing global greenhouse gas emissions, especially long-acting carbon dioxide (CO(2)), and by increasing the uptake of CO(2) at the earth's surface. This involves urgent shifts in energy production from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, energy conservation in building design and urban planning, and reduced waste of energy for transport, building heating/cooling, and agriculture. It would also involve shifts in agricultural production and food systems to reduce energy and water use particularly in meat production. There is also potential for prevention via mitigation, adaptation, or resilience building actions, but for the large populations in tropical countries, mitigation of climate change is required to achieve health protection solutions that will last. AD - Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umea Centre for Global Health Research, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. kjellstromt@yahoo.com AU - Kjellstrom, T. AU - McMichael, A. J. C2 - 3617647 C6 - NIEHS DB - DO - 10.3402/gha.v6i0.20816 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2013/04/09 KW - Climate Change Environment Environmental Policy Health Status Humans Models, Statistical Socioeconomic Factors LA - eng N1 - Kjellstrom, Tord McMichael, Anthony J Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Sweden Glob Health Action. 2013 Apr 3;6:20816. doi: 10.3402/gha.v6i0.20816. PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved SN - 1654-9880 (Electronic) 1654-9880 (Linking) SP - 20816 ST - Climate change threats to population health and well-being: The imperative of protective solutions that will last T2 - Global Health Action TI - Climate change threats to population health and well-being: The imperative of protective solutions that will last VL - 6 ID - 4663 ER - TY - JOUR AD - National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. tony.mcmichael@anu.edu.au AU - McMichael, A. J. C6 - NIEHS DA - Apr 4 DB - DO - 10.1056/NEJMra1109341 DP - CCII PubMed NLM ET - 2013/04/05 IS - 14 KW - Climate Change Environment Health Humans Internationality Population Growth Urbanization LA - eng N1 - McMichael, Anthony J United States N Engl J Med. 2013 Apr 4;368(14):1335-43. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1109341. PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved - in Distiller SN - 1533-4406 (Electronic) 0028-4793 (Linking) SP - 1335-1343 ST - Globalization, climate change, and human health T2 - The New England Journal of Medicine TI - Globalization, climate change, and human health VL - 368 ID - 4825 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change will affect the abundance and seasonality of West Nile virus (WNV) vectors, altering the risk of virus transmission to humans. Using downscaled general circulation model output, we calculate a WNV vector's response to climate change across the southern United States using process-based modeling. In the eastern United States, Culex quinquefasciatus response to projected climate change displays a latitudinal and elevational gradient. Projected summer population depressions as a result of increased immature mortality and habitat drying are most severe in the south and almost absent further north; extended spring and fall survival is ubiquitous. Much of California also exhibits a bimodal pattern. Projected onset of mosquito season is delayed in the southwestern United States because of extremely dry and hot spring and summers; however, increased temperature and late summer and fall rains extend the mosquito season. These results are unique in being a broad-scale calculation of the projected impacts of climate change on a WNV vector. The results show that, despite projected widespread future warming, the future seasonal response of C. quinquefasciatus populations across the southern United States will not be homogeneous, and will depend on specific combinations of local and regional conditions. AU - Morin, C. W. AU - Comrie, A. C. C6 - NIEHS DA - Sep DB - DO - 10.1073/pnas.1307135110 DP - CCII Web of Science IS - 39 KW - disease insect ecology culex-quinquefasciatus diptera united-states change scenarios malaria transmission mosquito abundance pipiens diptera aedes-aegypti culicidae temperature model LA - English M3 - Article N1 - Times Cited: 0 Morin, Cory W. Comrie, Andrew C. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments program via the Climate Assessment for the Southwest program at the University of Arizona This research was supported in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Regional Integrated Sciences and Assessments program via the Climate Assessment for the Southwest program at the University of Arizona. Natl acad sciences Washington PY - 2013 RN - CCII Unique - PDF retrieved ://WOS:000324765100034 SN - 0027-8424 SP - 15620-15625 ST - Regional and seasonal response of a West Nile virus vector to climate change T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Regional and seasonal response of a West Nile virus vector to climate change VL - 110 ID - 4871 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Melillo, Jerry M. A2 - Richmond, T.C. A2 - Yohe, Gary W. AU - Garfin, Gregg AU - Franco, Guido AU - Blanco, Hilda AU - Comrie, Andrew AU - Gonzalez, Patrick AU - Piechota, Thomas AU - Smyth, Rebecca AU - Waskom, Reagan C4 - 99baa64e-2877-4db9-b257-3f41149e73fe CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J08G8HMN PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2014 RN - http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/regions/southwest SP - 462-486 ST - Ch. 20: Southwest T2 - Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment TI - Ch. 20: Southwest ID - 8664 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ault, T. R. AU - Macalady, A. K. AU - Pederson, G. T. AU - Betancourt, J. L. AU - Schwartz, M. D. C6 - NCA DA - Aug DO - 10.1175/2011jcli4069.1 IS - 15 KW - united-states; annular mode; extratropical circulation; geopotential; height; climate-change; part i; trends; phenology; earlier; wildfire M3 - Article PY - 2011 SN - 0894-8755 SP - 4003-4014 ST - Northern Hemisphere modes of variability and the timing of spring in western North America T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Northern Hemisphere modes of variability and the timing of spring in western North America VL - 24 ID - 12519 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Observations have shown that the hydrological cycle of the western United States changed significantly over the last half of the 20th century. We present a regional, multivariable climate change detection and attribution study, using a high- resolution hydrologic model forced by global climate models, focusing on the changes that have already affected this primarily arid region with a large and growing population. The results show that up to 60% of the climate- related trends of river flow, winter air temperature, and snow pack between 1950 and 1999 are human- induced. These results are robust to perturbation of study variates and methods. They portend, in conjunction with previous work, a coming crisis in water supply for the western United States. AD - [Barnett, Tim P.; Pierce, David W.; Hidalgo, Hugo G.; Das, Tapash; Cayan, Daniel R.; Dettinger, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Bonfils, Celine; Santer, Benjamin D.; Bala, Govindasamy; Mirin, Arthur A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Wood, Andrew W.] Univ Washington, Land Surface Hydrol Res Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Nozawa, Toru] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan. [Cayan, Daniel R.; Dettinger, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.; Barnett, TP, Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.; tbarnett-ul@ucsd.edu AU - Barnett, T.P. AU - Pierce, D.W. AU - Hidalgo, H.G. AU - Bonfils, C. AU - Santer, B.D. AU - Das, T. AU - Bala, G. AU - Wood, A.W. AU - Nozawa, T. AU - Mirin, A. A. AU - Cayan, D.R. AU - Dettinger, M.D. C6 - NCA DA - Feb DO - 10.1126/science.1152538 IS - 5866 KW - north-america; climate-change; trends; model; attribution; streamflow; snowpack; cycle LA - English M3 - Article PY - 2008 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 1080-1083 ST - Human-induced changes in the hydrology of the western United States T2 - Science TI - Human-induced changes in the hydrology of the western United States VL - 319 ID - 12567 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Large changes in the hydrology of the western United States have been observed since the mid-twentieth century. These include a reduction in the amount of precipitation arriving as snow, a decline in snowpack at low and midelevations, and a shift toward earlier arrival of both snowmelt and the centroid (center of mass) of streamflows. To project future water supply reliability, it is crucial to obtain a better understanding of the underlying cause or causes for these changes. A regional warming is often posited as the cause of these changes without formal testing of different competitive explanations for the warming. In this study, a rigorous detection and attribution analysis is performed to determine the causes of the late winter/early spring changes in hydrologically relevant temperature variables over mountain ranges of the western United States. Natural internal climate variability, as estimated from two long control climate model simulations, is insufficient to explain the rapid increase in daily minimum and maximum temperatures, the sharp decline in frost days, and the rise in degree-days above 0°C (a simple proxy for temperature-driven snowmelt). These observed changes are also inconsistent with the model-predicted responses to variability in solar irradiance and volcanic activity. The observations are consistent with climate simulations that include the combined effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gases and aerosols. It is found that, for each temperature variable considered, an anthropogenic signal is identifiable in observational fields. The results are robust to uncertainties in model-estimated fingerprints and natural variability noise, to the choice of statistical downscaling method, and to various processing options in the detection and attribution method. AU - Bonfils, C. AU - Santer, B.D. AU - Pierce, D.W. AU - Hidalgo, H.G. AU - Bala, G. AU - Das, T. AU - Barnett, T.P. AU - Cayan, D.R. AU - Doutriaux, C. AU - Wood, A.W. AU - Mirin, A. AU - Nozawa, T. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1175/2008JCLI2397.1 IS - 23 KW - Climate models, ; ENSO, ; Pacific decadal oscillation, ; Orographic effects, ; Climate variability PY - 2008 SN - 1520-0442 SP - 6404-6424 ST - Detection and attribution of temperature changes in the mountainous western United States T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Detection and attribution of temperature changes in the mountainous western United States VL - 21 ID - 12671 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bouchama, A. AU - Dehbi, M. AU - Mohamed, G. AU - Matthies, F. AU - Shoukri, M. AU - Menne, B. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1001/archinte.167.20.ira70009 IS - 20 PY - 2007 SP - 2170-2176 ST - Prognostic factors in heat wave-related deaths: A meta-analysis T2 - Archives of Internal Medicine TI - Prognostic factors in heat wave-related deaths: A meta-analysis VL - 167 ID - 12681 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Future drought is projected to occur under warmer temperature conditions as climate change progresses, referred to here as global-change-type drought, yet quantitative assessments of the triggers and potential extent of drought-induced vegetation die-off remain pivotal uncertainties in assessing climate-change impacts. Of particular concern is regional-scale mortality of overstory trees, which rapidly alters ecosystem type, associated ecosystem properties, and land surface conditions for decades. Here, we quantify regional-scale vegetation die-off across southwestern North American woodlands in 2002-2003 in response to drought and associated bark beetle infestations. At an intensively studied site within the region, we quantified that after 15 months of depleted soil water content, >90% of the dominant, overstory tree species (Pinus edulis, a pinon) died. The die-off was reflected in changes in a remotely sensed index of vegetation greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation index), not only at the intensively studied site but also across the region, extending over 12,000 km(2) or more; aerial and field surveys confirmed the general extent of the die-off. Notably, the recent drought was warmer than the previous subcontinental drought of the 1950s. The limited, available observations suggest that die-off from the recent drought was more extensive than that from the previous drought, extending into wetter sites within the tree species' distribution. Our results quantify a trigger leading to rapid, drought-induced die-off of overstory woody plants at subcontinental scale and highlight the potential for such die-off to be more severe and extensive for future global-change-type drought under warmer conditions. AD - Breshears, DD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Inst Study Plant Earth, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Inst Study Plant Earth, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA Los Alamos Natl Lab, Environm Stewardship Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA Univ Kansas, Dept Geog, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA Univ Kansas, Dept Math, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA Kansan Appl Remote Sensing Program, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA AU - Breshears, D.D. AU - Cobb, N.S. AU - Rich, P.M. AU - Price, K.P. AU - Allen, C.D. AU - Balice, R.G. AU - Romme, W.H. AU - Kastens, J.H. AU - Floyd, M.L. AU - Belnap, J. AU - Anderson, J.J. AU - Myers, O.B. AU - Meyer, C.W. C6 - NCA DA - OCT 18 2005 DO - 10.1073/pnas.0505734102 IS - 42 KW - tree mortality; vegetation dynamics; climate change impacts; woodlands; Pinus edulis; PINUS-EDULIS; JUNIPERUS-MONOSPERMA; SOIL-MOISTURE; CLIMATE; PRECIPITATION; DISTURBANCE; SOUTHWEST; WOODLAND; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS LA - English PY - 2005 SN - 0027-8424 SP - 15144-15148 ST - Regional vegetation die-off in response to global-change-type drought T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Regional vegetation die-off in response to global-change-type drought VL - 102 ID - 12704 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Garfin, G. A2 - Jardine, A. A2 - Merideth, R. A2 - Black, Mary A2 - LeRoy, Sarah. AU - Brown, H.E. AU - Comrie, A. AU - Drechsler, D. AU - Barker, C.M. AU - Basu, R. AU - Brown, T. AU - Gershunov, A. AU - Kilpatrick, A.M. AU - Reisen, W.K. AU - Ruddell, D.M. C4 - d8bd2def-be9b-47e3-84de-199bcd26c31d CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SN - 9781610914468 SP - 312-339 ST - Ch. 15: Human health T2 - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment TI - Ch. 15: Human health UR - http://swccar.org/sites/all/themes/files/SW-NCA-color-FINALweb.pdf ID - 12725 ER - TY - JOUR AB - California’s coastal observations and global model projections indicate that California’s open coast and estuaries will experience rising sea levels over the next century. During the last several decades, the upward historical trends, quantified from a small set of California tide gages, have been approximately 20 cm/century, quite similar to that estimated for global mean sea level. In the next several decades, warming produced by climate model simulations indicates that sea level rise (SLR) could substantially exceed the rate experienced during modern human development along the California coast and estuaries. A range of future SLR is estimated from a set of climate simulations governed by lower (B1), middle–upper (A2), and higher (A1fi) GHG emission scenarios. Projecting SLR from the ocean warming in GCMs, observational evidence of SLR, and separate calculations using a simple climate model yields a range of potential sea level increases, from 11 to 72 cm, by the 2070–2099 period. The combination of predicted astronomical tides with projected weather forcing, El Niño related variability, and secular SLR, gives a series of hourly sea level projections for 2005–2100. Gradual sea level rise progressively worsens the impacts of high tides, surge and waves resulting from storms, and also freshwater floods from Sierra and coastal mountain catchments. The occurrence of extreme sea levels is pronounced when these factors coincide. The frequency and magnitude of extreme events, relative to current levels, follows a sharply escalating pattern as the magnitude of future sea level rise increases. AU - Cayan, D.R. AU - Bromirski, P.D. AU - Hayhoe, K. AU - Tyree, M. AU - Dettinger, M.D. AU - Flick, R.E. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s10584-007-9376-7 IS - 1 Supplement KW - Earth and Environmental Science PY - 2008 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 57-73 ST - Climate change projections of sea level extremes along the California coast T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change projections of sea level extremes along the California coast VL - 87 ID - 12842 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Church, J.A. AU - White, N.J. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s10712-011-9119-1 IS - 4-5 PY - 2011 SN - 0169-3298 SP - 585-602 ST - Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century T2 - Surveys in Geophysics TI - Sea-level rise from the late 19th to the early 21st century VL - 32 ID - 12917 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cloern, J.E. AU - Knowles, N. AU - Brown, L.R. AU - Cayan, D. AU - Dettinger, M.D. AU - Morgan, T.L. AU - Schoellhamer, D.H. AU - Stacey, M.T. AU - van der Wegen, M. AU - Wagner, R.W. AU - Jassby, A.D. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0024465 IS - 9 PY - 2011 SN - 1932-6203 SP - e24465 ST - Projected evolution of California's San Francisco Bay-Delta-River System in a century of climate change T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Projected evolution of California's San Francisco Bay-Delta-River System in a century of climate change VL - 6 ID - 12954 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Clow, D.W. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1175/2009JCLI2951.1 IS - 9 PY - 2010 SN - 1520-0442 SP - 2293-2306 ST - Changes in the timing of snowmelt and streamflow in Colorado: A response to recent warming T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Changes in the timing of snowmelt and streamflow in Colorado: A response to recent warming VL - 23 ID - 12955 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cozzetto, K. AU - Chief, K. AU - Dittmer, K. AU - Brubaker, M. AU - Gough, R. AU - Souza, K. AU - Ettawageshik, F. AU - Wotkyns, S. AU - Opitz-Stapleton, S. AU - Duren, S. AU - Chavan, P. C6 - NCA DA - 2013/10/01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0852-y IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 569-584 ST - Climate change impacts on the water resources of American Indians and Alaska Natives in the U.S T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change impacts on the water resources of American Indians and Alaska Natives in the U.S VL - 120 ID - 13001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Craine, J.M. AU - Elmore, A.J. AU - Olson, KC AU - Tolleson, D. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02060.x IS - 10 PY - 2010 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 2901-2911 ST - Climate change and cattle nutritional stress T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Climate change and cattle nutritional stress VL - 16 ID - 13006 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Dalton, Meghan M. AU - Mote, Philip W. AU - Snover, Amy K. CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SN - 9781610914284 SP - 224 ST - Climate Change in the Northwest: Implications for Our Landscapes, Waters, And Communities TI - Climate Change in the Northwest: Implications for Our Landscapes, Waters, And Communities ID - 13062 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Das, T. AU - Hidalgo, H. G. AU - Pierce, D. W. AU - Barnett, T. P. AU - Dettinger, M. D. AU - Cayan, D. R. AU - Bonfils, C. AU - Bala, G. AU - Mirin, A. C6 - NCA DA - 2009/08/01 DO - 10.1175/2009jhm1095.1 IS - 4 PY - 2009 SN - 1525-755X SP - 871-892 ST - Structure and detectability of trends in hydrological measures over the western United States T2 - Journal of Hydrometeorology TI - Structure and detectability of trends in hydrological measures over the western United States VL - 10 Y2 - 2013/08/02 ID - 13068 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dettinger, M. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00546.x IS - 3 PY - 2011 SN - 1752-1688 SP - 514-523 ST - Climate change, atmospheric rivers, and floods in California—A multimodel analysis of storm frequency and magnitude changes T2 - JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Climate change, atmospheric rivers, and floods in California—A multimodel analysis of storm frequency and magnitude changes VL - 47 ID - 13115 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dittmer, Kyle C6 - NCA DA - October 2013 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0745-0 IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 627-641 ST - Changing streamflow on Columbia basin tribal lands—Climate change and salmon T2 - Climatic Change TI - Changing streamflow on Columbia basin tribal lands—Climate change and salmon VL - 120 ID - 13139 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Garfin, G. A2 - Jardine, A. A2 - Merideth, R. A2 - Black, Mary A2 - LeRoy, Sarah AU - Frisvold, G. AU - Jackson, L.E. AU - Pritchett, J.G. AU - Ritten, J. C4 - 4442506b-fbba-41ea-9cef-1eac88ce2049 CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SN - 9781610914468 SP - 218-239 ST - Ch. 11: Agriculture and ranching T2 - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment TI - Ch. 11: Agriculture and ranching UR - http://swccar.org/sites/all/themes/files/SW-NCA-color-FINALweb.pdf ID - 13462 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Garfin, Gregg AU - Jardine, A. AU - Merideth, R. AU - Black, Mary AU - LeRoy, Sarah CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SN - 9781610914468 SP - 528 ST - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment TI - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment UR - http://swccar.org/sites/all/themes/files/SW-NCA-color-FINALweb.pdf ID - 13500 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gautam, Mahesh R. AU - Chief, Karletta AU - Smith, William J., Jr. C6 - NCA DA - Cotober 2013 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0737-0 ET - 2013/04/09 IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 585-599 ST - Climate change in arid lands and Native American socioeconomic vulnerability: The case of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change in arid lands and Native American socioeconomic vulnerability: The case of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe VL - 120 ID - 13509 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Iacobellis, Sam F. C6 - NCA DA - 2009/12/01 DO - 10.1175/2009jcli2465.1 IS - 23 PY - 2009 SN - 0894-8755 SP - 6181-6203 ST - The great 2006 heat wave over California and Nevada: Signal of an increasing trend T2 - Journal of Climate TI - The great 2006 heat wave over California and Nevada: Signal of an increasing trend VL - 22 Y2 - 2012/02/29 ID - 13534 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gonzalez, P. AU - Neilson, R. P. AU - Lenihan, J. M. AU - Drapek, R. J. C6 - NCA DA - Nov DO - 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00558.x IS - 6 PY - 2010 SN - 1466-8238 SP - 755-768 ST - Global patterns in the vulnerability of ecosystems to vegetation shifts due to climate change T2 - Global Ecology and Biogeography TI - Global patterns in the vulnerability of ecosystems to vegetation shifts due to climate change VL - 19 ID - 13559 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gruber, N. AU - Hauri, C. AU - Lachkar, Z. AU - Loher, D. AU - Frölicher, T.L. AU - Plattner, G.K. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1126/science.1216773 IS - 6091 PY - 2012 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 220-223 ST - Rapid progression of ocean acidification in the California Current System T2 - Science TI - Rapid progression of ocean acidification in the California Current System VL - 337 ID - 13614 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haines, Andy AU - McMichael, Anthony J. AU - Smith, Kirk R. AU - Roberts, Ian AU - Woodcock, James AU - Markandya, Anil AU - Armstrong, Ben G. AU - Campbell-Lendrum, Diarmid AU - Dangour, Alan D. AU - Davies, Michael AU - Bruce, Nigel AU - Tonne, Cathryn AU - Barrett, Mark AU - Wilkinson, Paul C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61759-1 IS - 9707 PY - 2009 SN - 0140-6736 SP - 2104-2114 ST - Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: Overview and implications for policy makers T2 - The Lancet TI - Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: Overview and implications for policy makers VL - 374 Y2 - 2010/1/1/ ID - 13634 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harlan, S.L. AU - Brazel, A.J. AU - Prashad, L. AU - Stefanov, W.L. AU - Larsen, L. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2006.07.030 IS - 11 PY - 2006 SN - 0277-9536 SP - 2847-2863 ST - Neighborhood microclimates and vulnerability to heat stress T2 - Social Science & Medicine TI - Neighborhood microclimates and vulnerability to heat stress VL - 63 ID - 13685 ER - TY - BOOK A3 - Solomon, S. A2 - Qin, D. A2 - Manning, M. A2 - Chen, Z. A2 - Marquis, M. A2 - Averyt, K.B. A2 - Tignor, M. A2 - Miller, H.L. AU - IPCC C4 - c54b9473-cdc3-4f22-97a8-4df5253f9682 CY - Cambridge, U.K, New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 SN - 978 0521 88009-1 SP - 996 ST - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_wg1_report_the_physical_science_basis.htm ID - 13884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johnstone, J.A. AU - Dawson, T.E. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1073/pnas.0915062107 IS - 10 PY - 2010 SN - 1091-6490 SP - 4533-4538 ST - Climatic context and ecological implications of summer fog decline in the coast redwood region T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Climatic context and ecological implications of summer fog decline in the coast redwood region VL - 107 ID - 13955 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Karl, T.R. AU - Melillo, J.T. AU - Peterson, T.C. CY - New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2009 SN - 978-0-521-14407-0 SP - 189 ST - Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States TI - Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States UR - http://downloads.globalchange.gov/usimpacts/pdfs/climate-impacts-report.pdf ID - 14007 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Karuk Tribe C6 - NCA PB - Karuk Tribe of California, Department of Natural Resources PY - 2010 SP - 171 ST - Department of Natural Resources Eco-Cultural Resource Management Plan TI - Department of Natural Resources Eco-Cultural Resource Management Plan UR - http://www.karuk.us/karuk2/images/docs/dnr/ECRMP_6-15-10_doc.pdf ID - 14012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Knowlton, K. AU - Rotkin-Ellman, M. AU - Geballe, L. AU - Max, W. AU - Solomon, G.M. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0229 IS - 11 PY - 2011 SN - 0278-2715 SP - 2167-2176 ST - Six climate change-related events in the United States accounted for about $14 billion in lost lives and health costs T2 - Health Affairs TI - Six climate change-related events in the United States accounted for about $14 billion in lost lives and health costs VL - 30 ID - 14095 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Knowlton, K. AU - Rotkin-Ellman, M. AU - King, G. AU - Margolis, H.G. AU - Smith, D. AU - Solomon, G. AU - Trent, R. AU - English, P. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1289/ehp.11594 IS - 1 PY - 2009 RN - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2627866/pdf/EHP-117-61.pdf SN - 0091-6765 SP - 61-67 ST - The 2006 California heat wave: Impacts on hospitalizations and emergency department visits T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - The 2006 California heat wave: Impacts on hospitalizations and emergency department visits VL - 117 ID - 14096 ER - TY - GOVDOC AU - Kunkel, K. E. AU - Stevens, L. E. AU - Stevens, S. E. AU - Sun, L. AU - Janssen, E. AU - Wuebbles, D. AU - Redmond, K.T. AU - Dobson, J.G. CY - Washington, DC PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service PY - 2013 SP - 87 TI - Regional Climate Trends and Scenarios for the U.S. National Climate Assessment: Part 5. Climate of the Southwest U.S. NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 142-5 UR - http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/technical_reports/NOAA_NESDIS_Tech_Report_142-5-Climate_of_the_Southwest_U.S.pdf ID - 14157 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Levitus, S. AU - Antonov, J.I. AU - Boyer, T.P. AU - Locarnini, R.A. AU - Garcia, H.E. AU - Mishonov, A.V. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1029/2008GL037155 IS - 7 PY - 2009 SP - L07608 ST - Global ocean heat content 1955–2008 in light of recently revealed instrumentation problems T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Global ocean heat content 1955–2008 in light of recently revealed instrumentation problems VL - 36 ID - 14243 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Littell, J.S. AU - McKenzie, D. AU - Peterson, D.L. AU - Westerling, A.L. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1890/07-1183.1 IS - 4 PY - 2009 SN - 1051-0761 SP - 1003-1021 ST - Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S. ecoprovinces, 1916-2003 T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S. ecoprovinces, 1916-2003 VL - 19 ID - 14270 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lobell, D.B. AU - Gourdji, S.M. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1104/pp.112.208298 IS - 4 PY - 2012 SN - 0032-0889 SP - 1686-1697 ST - The influence of climate change on global crop productivity T2 - Plant Physiology TI - The influence of climate change on global crop productivity VL - 160 ID - 14288 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Luber, George AU - McGeehin, Michael C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.021 IS - 5 PY - 2008 RN - http://download.journals.elsevierhealth.com/pdfs/journals/0749-3797/PIIS0749379708006867.pdf SN - 0749-3797 SP - 429-435 ST - Climate change and extreme heat events T2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine TI - Climate change and extreme heat events VL - 35 ID - 14315 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Luedeling, Eike C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.07.011 IS - 0 KW - Adaptation Chilling Hours Chill Portions Climate analogues, Dynamic Model Tree dormancy PY - 2012 SN - 0304-4238 SP - 218-229 ST - Climate change impacts on winter chill for temperate fruit and nut production: A review T2 - Scientia Horticulturae TI - Climate change impacts on winter chill for temperate fruit and nut production: A review VL - 144 ID - 14320 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lynn, Kathy AU - Daigle, John AU - Hoffman, Jennie AU - Lake, Frank AU - Michelle, Natalie AU - Ranco, Darren AU - Viles, Carson AU - Voggesser, Garrit AU - Williams, Paul C6 - NCA DA - October 2013 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0736-1 IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 545-556 ST - The impacts of climate change on tribal traditional foods T2 - Climatic Change TI - The impacts of climate change on tribal traditional foods VL - 120 ID - 14326 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meko, D.M. AU - Woodhouse, C.A. AU - Baisan, C.A. AU - Knight, T. AU - Lukas, J.J. AU - Hughes, M.K. AU - Salzer, M.W. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1029/2007GL029988 IS - 10 PY - 2007 SN - 0094-8276 SP - L10705 ST - Medieval drought in the upper Colorado River Basin T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Medieval drought in the upper Colorado River Basin VL - 34 ID - 14489 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Millar, C. I. AU - Westfall, R. D. AU - Delany, D. L. AU - King, J. C. AU - Graumlich, L. J. C6 - NCA DA - May DO - 10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0181:roscit]2.0.co;2 IS - 2 PY - 2004 SN - 1523-0430 SP - 181-200 ST - Response of subalpine conifers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, to 20th-century warming and decadal climate variability T2 - Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research TI - Response of subalpine conifers in the Sierra Nevada, California, USA, to 20th-century warming and decadal climate variability VL - 36 ID - 14536 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moore, Stephanie K. AU - Trainer, Vera L. AU - Mantua, Nathan J. AU - Parker, Micaela S. AU - Laws, Ed A. AU - Backer, Lorraine C. AU - Fleming, Lora E. C6 - NCA C7 - S4 DO - 10.1186/1476-069X-7-S2-S4 IS - 2 PY - 2008 RN - http://www.ehjournal.net/content/pdf/1476-069X-7-S2-S4.pdf SP - S4 ST - Impacts of climate variability and future climate change on harmful algal blooms and human health T2 - Environmental Health TI - Impacts of climate variability and future climate change on harmful algal blooms and human health VL - 7 ID - 14583 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moritz, C. AU - Patton, J.L. AU - Conroy, C.J. AU - Parra, J.L. AU - White, G.C. AU - Beissinger, S.R. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1126/science.1163428 IS - 5899 PY - 2008 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 261-264 ST - Impact of a century of climate change on small-mammal communities in Yosemite National Park, USA T2 - Science TI - Impact of a century of climate change on small-mammal communities in Yosemite National Park, USA VL - 322 ID - 14595 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moritz, M.A. AU - Parisien, M.A. AU - Batllori, E. AU - Krawchuk, M.A. AU - Van Dorn, J. AU - Ganz, D.J. AU - Hayhoe, K. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1890/ES11-00345.1 IS - 6 PY - 2012 SN - 2150-8925 SP - 1-22 ST - Climate change and disruptions to global fire activity T2 - Ecosphere TI - Climate change and disruptions to global fire activity VL - 3 ID - 14596 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Munson, Seth M. AU - Webb, Robert H. AU - Belnap, Jayne AU - Hubbard, J.A. AU - Swann, Don E. AU - Rutman, Sue C6 - NCA DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02598.x IS - 3 KW - arid; drought; long-term change; plant cover; southwestern United States PY - 2012 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 1083-1095 ST - Forecasting climate change impacts to plant community composition in the Sonoran Desert region T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Forecasting climate change impacts to plant community composition in the Sonoran Desert region VL - 18 ID - 14640 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Norgaard, Kari Marie C6 - NCA DA - November 2005 PB - Karuk Tribe of California PY - 2005 SP - 106 ST - The Effects of Altered Diet on the Health of the Karuk People TI - The Effects of Altered Diet on the Health of the Karuk People UR - http://pages.uoregon.edu/norgaard/pdf/Effects-Altered-Diet-Karuk-Norgaard-2005.pdf ID - 14772 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ostro, B.D. AU - Roth, L.A. AU - Green, R.S. AU - Basu, R. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2009.03.010 IS - 5 PY - 2009 SN - 0013-9351 SP - 614-619 ST - Estimating the mortality effect of the July 2006 California heat wave T2 - Environmental Research TI - Estimating the mortality effect of the July 2006 California heat wave VL - 109 ID - 14885 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Observations show snowpack has declined across much of the western United States over the period 1950–99. This reduction has important social and economic implications, as water retained in the snowpack from winter storms forms an important part of the hydrological cycle and water supply in the region. A formal model-based detection and attribution (D–A) study of these reductions is performed. The detection variable is the ratio of 1 April snow water equivalent (SWE) to water-year-to-date precipitation (P), chosen to reduce the effect of P variability on the results. Estimates of natural internal climate variability are obtained from 1600 years of two control simulations performed with fully coupled ocean–atmosphere climate models. Estimates of the SWE/P response to anthropogenic greenhouse gases, ozone, and some aerosols are taken from multiple-member ensembles of perturbation experiments run with two models. The D–A shows the observations and anthropogenically forced models have greater SWE/P reductions than can be explained by natural internal climate variability alone. Model-estimated effects of changes in solar and volcanic forcing likewise do not explain the SWE/P reductions. The mean model estimate is that about half of the SWE/P reductions observed in the west from 1950 to 1999 are the result of climate changes forced by anthropogenic greenhouse gases, ozone, and aerosols. AU - Pierce, D.W. AU - Barnett, T.P. AU - Hidalgo, H.G. AU - Das, T. AU - Bonfils, C. AU - Santer, B.D. AU - Bala, G. AU - Dettinger, M.D. AU - Cayan, D.R. AU - Mirin, A. AU - Wood, A. W. AU - Nozawa, T. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1175/2008JCLI2405.1 IS - 23 KW - Snowpack, ; Hydrologic cycle, ; Trends, ; Coupled models, ; Greenhouse gases PY - 2008 SN - 1520-0442 SP - 6425-6444 ST - Attribution of declining western US snowpack to human effects T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Attribution of declining western US snowpack to human effects VL - 21 ID - 15017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Raffa, K.F. AU - Aukema, B.H. AU - Bentz, B.J. AU - Carroll, A.L. AU - Hicke, J.A. AU - Turner, M.G. AU - Romme, W.H. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1641/b580607 IS - 6 PY - 2008 SN - 0006-3568 SP - 501-517 ST - Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions T2 - BioScience TI - Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: The dynamics of bark beetle eruptions VL - 58 ID - 15098 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Redsteer, M.H. AU - Bogle, R.C. AU - Vogel, J.M. C6 - NCA CY - Reston, VA PB - U.S. Geological Survey PY - 2011 ST - Monitoring and Analysis of Sand Dune Movement and Growth on the Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States. Fact Sheet Number 3085 TI - Monitoring and Analysis of Sand Dune Movement and Growth on the Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States. Fact Sheet Number 3085 UR - http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2011/3085/fs2011-3085.pdf ID - 15128 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reid, Colleen E. AU - Mann, Jennifer K. AU - Alfasso, Ruth AU - English, Paul B. AU - King, Galatea C. AU - Lincoln, Rebecca A. AU - Margolis, Helene G. AU - Rubado, Dan J. AU - Sabato, Joseph E. AU - West, Nancy L. AU - Woods, Brian AU - Navarro, Kathleen M. AU - Balmes, J. R. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1289/ehp.1103766 IS - 5 PY - 2012 RN - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3346770/pdf/ehp.1103766.pdf SP - 715-720 ST - Evaluation of a heat vulnerability index on abnormally hot days: An environmental public health tracking study T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Evaluation of a heat vulnerability index on abnormally hot days: An environmental public health tracking study VL - 120 ID - 15142 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Richardson, L.A. AU - Champ, P.A. AU - Loomis, J.B. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1016/j.jfe.2011.05.002 IS - 1 PY - 2012 SN - 1104-6899 SP - 14-35 ST - The hidden cost of wildfires: Economic valuation of health effects of wildfire smoke exposure in Southern California T2 - Journal of Forest Economics TI - The hidden cost of wildfires: Economic valuation of health effects of wildfire smoke exposure in Southern California VL - 18 ID - 15162 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Using inorganic carbon measurements from an international survey effort in the 1990s and a tracer-based separation technique, we estimate a global oceanic anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) sink for the period from 1800 to 1994 of 118 ± 19 petagrams of carbon. The oceanic sink accounts for ∼48% of the total fossil-fuel and cement-manufacturing emissions, implying that the terrestrial biosphere was a net source of CO2 to the atmosphere of about 39 ± 28 petagrams of carbon for this period. The current fraction of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions stored in the ocean appears to be about one-third of the long-term potential. AU - Sabine, Christopher L. AU - Feely, Richard A. AU - Gruber, Nicolas AU - Key, Robert M. AU - Lee, Kitack AU - Bullister, John L. AU - Wanninkhof, Rik AU - Wong, C. S. AU - Wallace, Douglas W. R. AU - Tilbrook, Bronte AU - Millero, Frank J. AU - Peng, Tsung-Hung AU - Kozyr, Alexander AU - Ono, Tsueno AU - Rios, Aida F. C6 - NCA DA - July 16, 2004 DO - 10.1126/science.1097403 IS - 5682 PY - 2004 SP - 367-371 ST - The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 T2 - Science TI - The oceanic sink for anthropogenic CO2 VL - 305 ID - 15259 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The highly variable timing of streamflow in snowmelt-dominated basins across western North America is an important consequence, and indicator, of climate fluctuations. Changes in the timing of snowmelt-derived streamflow from 1948 to 2002 were investigated in a network of 302 western North America gauges by examining the center of mass for flow, spring pulse onset dates, and seasonal fractional flows through trend and principal component analyses. Statistical analysis of the streamflow timing measures with Pacific climate indicators identified local and key large-scale processes that govern the regionally coherent parts of the changes and their relative importance.|Widespread and regionally coherent trends toward earlier onsets of springtime snowmelt and streamflow have taken place across most of western North America, affecting an area that is much larger than previously recognized. These timing changes have resulted in increasing fractions of annual flow occurring earlier in the water year by 1-4 weeks. The immediate (or proximal) forcings for the spatially coherent parts of the year-to-year fluctuations and longer-term trends of streamflow timing have been higher winter and spring temperatures. Although these temperature changes are partly controlled by the decadal-scale Pacific climate mode [Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO)], a separate ani significant part of the variance is associated with a springtime warming trend that spans the PDO phases. AD - Stewart, IT (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA; Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA; US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA USA AU - Stewart, I.T. AU - Cayan, D.R. AU - Dettinger, M.D. C6 - NCA DA - APR 15 2005 DO - 10.1175/JCLI3321.1 IS - 8 KW - UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MASS-BALANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SNOWMELT RUNOFF; SIERRA-NEVADA; RIVER-BASIN; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION LA - English PY - 2005 SN - 0894-8755 SP - 1136-1155 ST - Changes toward earlier streamflow timing across western North America T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Changes toward earlier streamflow timing across western North America VL - 18 ID - 15505 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stöllberger, C. AU - Lutz, W. AU - Finsterer, J. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02581.x IS - 7 PY - 2009 RN - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02581.x/pdf SN - 1468-1331 SP - 879-882 ST - Heat-related side-effects of neurological and non-neurological medication may increase heatwave fatalities T2 - European Journal of Neurology TI - Heat-related side-effects of neurological and non-neurological medication may increase heatwave fatalities VL - 16 ID - 15510 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Van Mantgem, P. J. AU - Stephenson, N. L. AU - Byrne, J. C. AU - Daniels, L. D. AU - Franklin, J. F. AU - Fule, P. Z. AU - Harmon, M. E. AU - Larson, A. J. AU - Smith, J. M. AU - Taylor, A. H. AU - Veblen, T. T. C6 - NCA DA - Jan DO - 10.1126/science.1165000 IS - 5913 PY - 2009 SN - 0036-8075 SP - 521-524 ST - Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States T2 - Science TI - Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the western United States VL - 323 ID - 15791 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Voggesser, Garrit AU - Lynn, Kathy AU - Daigle, John AU - Lake, Frank K. AU - Ranco, Darren C6 - NCA DA - October 2013 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0733-4 ET - 2013/03/29 IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 615-626 ST - Cultural impacts to tribes from climate change influences on forests T2 - Climatic Change TI - Cultural impacts to tribes from climate change influences on forests VL - 120 ID - 15832 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Walthall, C. AU - Backlund, P. AU - Hatfield, J. AU - Lengnick, L. AU - Marshall, E. AU - Walsh, M. AU - Adkins, S. AU - Aillery, M. AU - Ainsworth, E.A. AU - Amman, C. AU - Anderson, C.J. AU - Bartomeus, I. AU - Baumgard, L.H. AU - Booker, F. AU - Bradley, B. AU - Blumenthal, D.M. AU - Bunce, J. AU - Burkey, K. AU - Dabney, S.M. AU - Delgado, J.A. AU - Dukes, J. AU - Funk, A. AU - Garrett, K. AU - Glenn, M. AU - Grantz, D.A. AU - Goodrich, D. AU - Hu, S. AU - Izaurralde, R.C. AU - Jones, R.A.C. AU - Kim, S-H. AU - Leaky, A.D.B. AU - Lewers, K. AU - Mader, T.L. AU - McClung, A. AU - Morgan, J. AU - Muth, D.J. AU - Nearing, M. AU - Oosterhuis, D.M. AU - Ort, D. AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Pettigrew, W.T. AU - Polley, W. AU - Rader, R. AU - Rice, C. AU - Rivington, M. AU - Rosskopf, E. AU - Salas, W.A. AU - Sollenberger, L.E. AU - Srygley, R. AU - Stöckle, C. AU - Takle, E.S. AU - Timlin, D. AU - White, J.W. AU - Winfree, R. AU - Wright-Morton, L. AU - Ziska, L.H. C6 - NCA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture PY - 2012 SN - USDA Technical Bulletin 1935 SP - 186 ST - Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and Adaptation TI - Climate Change and Agriculture in the United States: Effects and Adaptation UR - http://www.usda.gov/oce/climate_change/effects_2012/CC%20and%20Agriculture%20Report%20(02-04-2013)b.pdf ID - 15861 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Seasonal extreme daily precipitation is analyzed in the ensemble of NARCAPP regional climate models. Significant variation in these models’ abilities to reproduce observed precipitation extremes over the contiguous United States is found. Model performance metrics are introduced to characterize overall biases, seasonality, spatial extent and the shape of the precipitation distribution. Comparison of the models to gridded observations that include an elevation correction is found to be better than to gridded observations without this correction. A complicated model weighting scheme based on model performance in simulating observations is found to cause significant improvements in ensemble mean skill only if some of the models are poorly performing outliers. The effect of lateral boundary conditions are explored by comparing the integrations driven by reanalysis to those driven by global climate models. Projected mid-century future changes in seasonal precipitation means and extremes are presented and discussions of the sources of uncertainty and the mechanisms causing these changes are presented. AU - Wehner, M.F. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s00382-012-1393-1 IS - 1-2 KW - Extreme precipitation; Climate models; Return value; Uncertainty; High resolution PY - 2013 SN - 0930-7575 SP - 59-80 ST - Very extreme seasonal precipitation in the NARCCAP ensemble: Model performance and projections T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - Very extreme seasonal precipitation in the NARCCAP ensemble: Model performance and projections VL - 40 ID - 15908 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Westerling, A.L. AU - Bryant, B.P. AU - Preisler, H.K. AU - Holmes, T.P. AU - Hidalgo, H.G. AU - Das, T. AU - Shrestha, S.R. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1007/s10584-011-0329-9 IS - 1 supplement PY - 2011 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 445-463 ST - Climate change and growth scenarios for California wildfire T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change and growth scenarios for California wildfire VL - 109 ID - 15929 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Whyte, Kyle Powys C6 - NCA DA - October 2013 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0743-2 IS - 3 LA - English PY - 2013 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 517-530 ST - Justice forward: Tribes, climate adaptation and responsibility T2 - Climatic Change TI - Justice forward: Tribes, climate adaptation and responsibility VL - 120 ID - 15950 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Garfin, G. A2 - Jardine, A. A2 - Merideth, R. A2 - Black, Mary A2 - LeRoy, Sarah AU - Wilder, M. AU - Garfin, G. AU - Ganster, P. AU - Eakin, H. AU - Romero-Lankao, P. AU - Lara-Valencia, F. AU - Cortez-Lara, A. A. AU - Mumme, S. AU - Neri, C. AU - Muñoz-Arriola, F. C4 - 143f2380-6a22-4149-a682-c10c62615d69 CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SE - 16 SN - 9781610914468 SP - 340–384 ST - Climate change and U.S.-Mexico border communities T2 - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment TI - Climate change and U.S.-Mexico border communities UR - http://swccar.org/sites/all/themes/files/SW-NCA-color-FINALweb.pdf ID - 15963 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, A.P. AU - Allen, C.D. AU - Macalady, A.K. AU - Griffin, D. AU - Woodhouse, C.A. AU - Meko, D.M. AU - Swetnam, T.W. AU - Rauscher, S.A. AU - Seager, R. AU - Grissino-Mayer, H.D. AU - Dean, J.S. AU - Cook, E.R. AU - Gangodagamage, C. AU - Cai, M. AU - McDowell, N.G. C6 - NCA DA - March 2013 DO - 10.1038/nclimate1693 IS - 3 PY - 2013 RN - http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v3/n3/pdf/nclimate1693.pdf SN - 1758-678X SP - 292-297 ST - Temperature as a potent driver of regional forest drought stress and tree mortality T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Temperature as a potent driver of regional forest drought stress and tree mortality VL - 3 ID - 15972 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ye, X. AU - Wolff, R. AU - Yu, W. AU - Vaneckova, P. AU - Pan, X. AU - Tong, S. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1289/ehp.1003198 IS - 1 PY - 2012 SP - 19-28 ST - Ambient temperature and morbidity: A review of epidemiological evidence T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Ambient temperature and morbidity: A review of epidemiological evidence VL - 120 ID - 16044 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziska, L.H. C6 - NCA DO - 10.1093/jxb/erg027 IS - 381 PY - 2003 SN - 0022-0957 SP - 395-404 ST - Evaluation of the growth response of six invasive species to past, present and future atmospheric carbon dioxide T2 - Journal of Experimental Botany TI - Evaluation of the growth response of six invasive species to past, present and future atmospheric carbon dioxide VL - 54 ID - 16084 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hess, Jeremy J. AU - Saha, Shubhayu AU - Luber, George DO - 10.1289/ehp.1306796 IS - 11 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2014 SN - 0091-6765 SP - 1209-1215 ST - Summertime acute heat illness in U.S. emergency departments from 2006 through 2010: Analysis of a nationally representative sample T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Summertime acute heat illness in U.S. emergency departments from 2006 through 2010: Analysis of a nationally representative sample VL - 122 ID - 16112 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Albertine, Jennifer M. AU - Manning, William J. AU - DaCosta, Michelle AU - Stinson, Kristina A. AU - Muilenberg, Michael L. AU - Rogers, Christine A. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0111712 IS - 11 N1 - Ch3 PY - 2014 SN - 1932-6203 SP - e111712 ST - Projected carbon dioxide to increase grass pollen and allergen exposure despite higher ozone levels T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Projected carbon dioxide to increase grass pollen and allergen exposure despite higher ozone levels VL - 9 ID - 16124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrigan, Ryan J. AU - Thomassen, Henri A. AU - Buermann, Wolfgang AU - Smith, Thomas B. DO - 10.1111/gcb.12534 IS - 8 N1 - Ch4 PY - 2014 SN - 13541013 SP - 2417-2425 ST - A continental risk assessment of West Nile virus under climate change T2 - Global Change Biology TI - A continental risk assessment of West Nile virus under climate change VL - 20 ID - 16126 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Stocker, T.F. A2 - Qin, D. A2 - Plattner, G.-K. A2 - Tignor, M. A2 - Allen, S.K. A2 - Boschung, J. A2 - Nauels, A. A2 - Xia, Y. A2 - Bex, V. A2 - Midgley, P.M. AU - IPCC C4 - f03117be-ccfe-4f88-b70a-ffd4351b8190 CY - Cambridge, UK and New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2013 RN - ISBN 978-1-107-66182-0 SP - 1535 ST - Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://www.climatechange2013.org/report/ ID - 16456 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lewitus, Alan J. AU - Horner, Rita A. AU - Caron, David A. AU - Garcia-Mendoza, Ernesto AU - Hickey, Barbara M. AU - Hunter, Matthew AU - Huppert, Daniel D. AU - Kudela, Raphael M. AU - Langlois, Gregg W. AU - Largier, John L. AU - Lessard, Evelyn J. AU - RaLonde, Raymond AU - Rensel, J.E. Jack AU - Strutton, Peter G. AU - Trainer, Vera L. AU - Tweddle, Jacqueline F. DO - 10.1016/j.hal.2012.06.009 PY - 2012 SN - 1568-9883 SP - 133-159 ST - Harmful algal blooms along the North American west coast region: History, trends, causes, and impacts T2 - Harmful Algae TI - Harmful algal blooms along the North American west coast region: History, trends, causes, and impacts VL - 19 ID - 17114 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoshiko, Sumi AU - English, Paul AU - Smith, Daniel AU - Trent, Roger DO - 10.1007/s00038-009-0060-8 IS - 2 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2010 SN - 1661-8556 1420-911X SP - 133-137 ST - A simple method for estimating excess mortality due to heat waves, as applied to the 2006 California heat wave T2 - International Journal of Public Health TI - A simple method for estimating excess mortality due to heat waves, as applied to the 2006 California heat wave VL - 55 ID - 17600 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Field, C.B. A2 - Barros, V.R. A2 - Dokken, D. J. A2 - Mach, K.J. A2 - Mastrandrea, M.D. A2 - Bilir, T. E. A2 - Chatterjee, M. A2 - Ebi, K.L. A2 - Estrada, Y.O. A2 - Genova, R. C. A2 - Girma, B. A2 - Kissel, E. S. A2 - Levy, A. N. A2 - MacCracken, S. A2 - Mastrandrea, P. R. A2 - White, L. L. AU - IPCC CY - Cambridge, UK and New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SP - 1132 ST - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ ID - 17681 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Barros, V.R. A2 - Field, C.B. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Mastrandrea, M.D. A2 - Mach, K.J. A2 - Bilir, T.E. A2 - Chatterjee, M. A2 - Ebi, K.L. A2 - Estrada, Y.O. A2 - Genova, R.C. A2 - Girma, B. A2 - Kissel, E.S. A2 - Levy, A.N. A2 - MacCracken, S. A2 - Mastrandrea, P.R. A2 - White, L.L. AU - IPCC C4 - b94c8eb0-76df-4ad1-a9b8-ed5975646652 CY - Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SP - 688 ST - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Working Group II Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part B: Regional Aspects. Working Group II Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg2/ ID - 17682 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Donatuto, Jamie AU - Grossman, Eric E. AU - Konovsky, John AU - Grossman, Sarah AU - Campbell, Larry W. DO - 10.1080/08920753.2014.923140 IS - 4 N1 - Ch9 PY - 2014 SN - 0892-0753 1521-0421 SP - 355-373 ST - Indigenous community health and climate change: Integrating biophysical and social science indicators T2 - Coastal Management TI - Indigenous community health and climate change: Integrating biophysical and social science indicators VL - 42 ID - 17838 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yip, Fuyuen Y. AU - Flanders, W. Dana AU - Wolkin, Amy AU - Engelthaler, David AU - Humble, William AU - Neri, Antonio AU - Lewis, Lauren AU - Backer, Lorraine AU - Rubin, Carol DO - 10.1007/s00484-008-0169-0 IS - 8 N1 - Ch9 PY - 2008 SN - 0020-7128 1432-1254 SP - 765-772 ST - The impact of excess heat events in Maricopa County, Arizona: 2000–2005 T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - The impact of excess heat events in Maricopa County, Arizona: 2000–2005 VL - 52 ID - 17891 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziska, Lewis H. AU - Gebhard, Dennis E. AU - Frenz, David A. AU - Faulkner, Shaun AU - Singer, Benjamin D. AU - Straka, James G. DO - 10.1067/mai.2003.53 IS - 2 N1 - Ch9 PY - 2003 SN - 00916749 SP - 290-295 ST - Cities as harbingers of climate change: Common ragweed, urbanization, and public health T2 - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology TI - Cities as harbingers of climate change: Common ragweed, urbanization, and public health VL - 111 ID - 17892 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Garfin, Greg A2 - Jardine, Angie A2 - Overpeck, Jonathan AU - Redsteer, M. AU - Hiza, Bemis AU - Chief, K.D. AU - Gautam, M. AU - Middleton, B.R. AU - Tsosie, R. C4 - 85923ac2-22e6-4265-9d70-1887132abfce CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2013 SE - 17 SP - 385-404 ST - Unique challenges facing southwestern Tribes: Impacts, adaptation and mitigation T2 - Assessment of Climate Change in the Southwest United States: A Report Prepared for the National Climate Assessment TI - Unique challenges facing southwestern Tribes: Impacts, adaptation and mitigation ID - 18271 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study examines the health impacts of recent heat waves statewide and for six subregions of California: the north and south coasts, the Central Valley, the Mojave Desert, southern deserts, and northern forests. By using canonical correlation analysis applied to daily maximum temperatures and morbidity data in the form of unscheduled hospitalizations from 1999 to 2009, 19 heat waves spanning 3?15 days in duration that had a significant impact on health were identified. On average, hospital admissions were found to increase by 7% on the peak heat-wave day, with a significant impact seen for several disease categories, including cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, dehydration, acute renal failure, heat illness, and mental health. Statewide, there were 11 000 excess hospitalizations that were due to extreme heat over the period, yet the majority of impactful events were not accompanied by a heat advisory or warning from the National Weather Service. On a regional basis, the strongest health impacts are seen in the Central Valley and the north and south coasts. The north coast contributes disproportionately to the statewide health impact during heat waves, with a 10.5% increase in daily morbidity at heat-wave peak as compared with 8.1% for the Central Valley and 5.6% for the south coast. The temperature threshold at which an impact is seen varies by subregion and timing within the season. These results suggest that heat-warning criteria should consider local percentile thresholds to account for acclimation to local climatological conditions as well as the seasonal timing of a forecast heat wave. AU - Guirguis, Kristen AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Tardy, Alexander AU - Basu, Rupa DA - 2014/01/01 DO - 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0130.1 IS - 1 PY - 2014 SN - 1558-8424 SP - 3-19 ST - The impact of recent heat waves on human health in California T2 - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology TI - The impact of recent heat waves on human health in California VL - 53 Y2 - 2015/03/03 ID - 18489 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Redsteer, M. Hiza, Kelley, K.B., Francis, H. and Block, D. CY - Geneva, Switzerland PB - UNISDR PY - 2010 ST - Disaster Risk Assessment Case Study: Recent Drought on the Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States. Background Paper Prepared for the 2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction TI - Disaster Risk Assessment Case Study: Recent Drought on the Navajo Nation, Southwestern United States. Background Paper Prepared for the 2011 Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction UR - http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/gar/2011/en/bgdocs/Redsteer_Kelley_Francis_&_Block_2010.pdf ID - 18828 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O’Neil, J. M. AU - Davis, T. W. AU - Burford, M. A. AU - Gobler, C. J. DO - 10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.027 KW - Climate change Cyanobacteria CyanoHABs Eutrophication Harmful algae blooms Toxins PY - 2012 SN - 1568-9883 SP - 313-334 ST - The rise of harmful cyanobacteria blooms: The potential roles of eutrophication and climate change T2 - Harmful Algae TI - The rise of harmful cyanobacteria blooms: The potential roles of eutrophication and climate change VL - 14 ID - 19035 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziska, Lewis H. AU - McConnell, Laura L. DO - 10.1021/jf506101h IS - 1 PY - 2016 SP - 6-12 ST - Climate change, carbon dioxide, and pest biology: Monitor, mitigate, manage T2 - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry TI - Climate change, carbon dioxide, and pest biology: Monitor, mitigate, manage VL - 64 ID - 19118 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nakashima, D.J. AU - Galloway McLean, K. AU - Thulstrup, H.D. AU - Ramos Castillo, A. AU - Rubis, J.T. PB - UNESCO, Paris and UNU, Darwin PY - 2012 SP - 120 ST - Weathering Uncertainty: Traditional Knowledge for Climate Change Assessment and Adaptation TI - Weathering Uncertainty: Traditional Knowledge for Climate Change Assessment and Adaptation UR - http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0021/002166/216613E.pdf ID - 19124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Analitis, A. AU - Michelozzi, P. AU - D'Ippoliti, D. AU - de'Donato, F. AU - Menne, B. AU - Matthies, F. AU - Atkinson, R.W. AU - Iñiguez, C. AU - Basagaña, X. AU - Schneider, A. AU - Lefranc, A. AU - Paldy, A. AU - Bisanti, L. AU - Katsouyanni, K. DO - 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31828ac01b IS - 1 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2014 SP - 15-22 ST - Effects of heat waves on mortality: Effect modification and confounding by air pollutants T2 - Epidemiology TI - Effects of heat waves on mortality: Effect modification and confounding by air pollutants VL - 25 ID - 19126 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Saha, Michael V. AU - Davis, Robert E. AU - Hondula, David M. DO - 10.1093/aje/kwt264 IS - 4 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2014 SP - 467-474 ST - Mortality displacement as a function of heat event strength in 7 US cities T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - Mortality displacement as a function of heat event strength in 7 US cities VL - 179 ID - 19131 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stone, Brian Jr. AU - Vargo, Jason AU - Liu, Peng AU - Habeeb, Dana AU - DeLucia, Anthony AU - Trail, Marcus AU - Hu, Yongtao AU - Russell, Armistead DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0100852 IS - 6 N1 - Ch2 PY - 2014 SP - e100852 ST - Avoided heat-related mortality through climate adaptation strategies in three US cities T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Avoided heat-related mortality through climate adaptation strategies in three US cities VL - 9 ID - 19132 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Naughton, M. B. AU - Henderson, Alden AU - Mirabelli, Maria C. AU - Kaiser, Reinhard AU - Wilhelm, John L. AU - Kieszak, Stephanie M. AU - Rubin, Carol H. AU - McGeehin, Michael A. DO - 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00421-X IS - 4 PY - 2002 SP - 221-227 ST - Heat-related mortality during a 1999 heat wave in Chicago T2 - American Journal of Preventive Medicine TI - Heat-related mortality during a 1999 heat wave in Chicago VL - 22 ID - 19220 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barbero, R. AU - Abatzoglou, J.T. AU - Larkin, N.K. AU - Kolden, C.A. AU - Stocks, B. DO - 10.1071/WF15083 PY - 2015 ST - Climate change presents increased potential for very large fires in the contiguous United States T2 - International Journal of Wildland Fire TI - Climate change presents increased potential for very large fires in the contiguous United States ID - 19295 ER - TY - BOOK A3 - Crimmins, Allison A2 - Balbus, John A2 - Gamble, Janet L. A2 - Beard, Charles B. A2 - Bell, Jesse E. A2 - Dodgen, Daniel A2 - Eisen, Rebecca J. A2 - Fann, Neal A2 - Hawkins, Michelle D. A2 - Herring, Stephanie C. A2 - Jantarasami, Lesley A2 - Mills, David M. A2 - Saha, Shubhayu A2 - Sarofim, Marcus C. A2 - Trtanj, Juli A2 - Ziska, Lewis AU - USGCRP C4 - f1e633d5-070a-4a7d-935b-a2281a0c9cb6 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0R49NQX PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 312 ST - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment ID - 19368 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Bell, Jesse E. AU - Herring, Stephanie C. AU - Jantarasami, Lesley AU - Adrianopoli, Carl AU - Benedict, Kaitlin AU - Conlon, Kathryn AU - Escobar, Vanessa AU - Hess, Jeremy AU - Luvall, Jeffrey AU - Garcia-Pando, Carlos Perez AU - Quattrochi, Dale AU - Runkle, Jennifer AU - Schreck, Carl J., III C4 - 0e186af3-bf5b-49ae-82cc-cf1a1a5a7c25 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0BZ63ZV PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 99–128 ST - Ch. 4: Impacts of extreme events on human health T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 4: Impacts of extreme events on human health ID - 19376 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Dodgen, Daniel AU - Donato, Darrin AU - Kelly, Nancy AU - La Greca, Annette AU - Morganstein, Joshua AU - Reser, Joseph AU - Ruzek, Josef AU - Schweitzer, Shulamit AU - Shimamoto, Mark M. AU - Thigpen Tart, Kimberly AU - Ursano, Robert C4 - 6b22a163-b918-48bf-993f-32e61712a455 CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0TX3C9H PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2016 SP - 217–246 ST - Ch. 8: Mental health and well-being T2 - The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment TI - Ch. 8: Mental health and well-being ID - 19380 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The current California drought has cast a heavy burden on statewide agriculture and water resources, further exacerbated by concurrent extreme high temperatures. Furthermore, industrial-era global radiative forcing brings into question the role of long-term climate change with regard to California drought. How has human-induced climate change affected California drought risk? Here, observations and model experimentation are applied to characterize this drought employing metrics that synthesize drought duration, cumulative precipitation deficit, and soil moisture depletion. The model simulations show that increases in radiative forcing since the late nineteenth century induce both increased annual precipitation and increased surface temperature over California, consistent with prior model studies and with observed long-term change. As a result, there is no material difference in the frequency of droughts defined using bivariate indicators of precipitation and near-surface (10 cm) soil moisture, because shallow soil moisture responds most sensitively to increased evaporation driven by warming, which compensates the increase in the precipitation. However, when using soil moisture within a deep root zone layer (1 m) as covariate, droughts become less frequent because deep soil moisture responds most sensitively to increased precipitation. The results illustrate the different land surface responses to anthropogenic forcing that are relevant for near-surface moisture exchange and for root zone moisture availability. The latter is especially relevant for agricultural impacts as the deep layer dictates moisture availability for plants, trees, and many crops. The results thus indicate that the net effect of climate change has made agricultural drought less likely and that the current severe impacts of drought on California’s agriculture have not been substantially caused by long-term climate changes. AU - Cheng, Linyin AU - Hoerling, Martin AU - AghaKouchak, Amir AU - Livneh, Ben AU - Quan, Xiao-Wei AU - Eischeid, Jon DO - 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0260.1 IS - 1 KW - Physical Meteorology and Climatology,Climate change,Models and modeling,Climate models,Regional models PY - 2016 SP - 111-120 ST - How has human-induced climate change affected California drought risk? T2 - Journal of Climate TI - How has human-induced climate change affected California drought risk? VL - 29 ID - 19542 ER - TY - JOUR AB - California is currently in the midst of a record-setting drought. The drought began in 2012 and now includes the lowest calendar-year and 12-mo precipitation, the highest annual temperature, and the most extreme drought indicators on record. The extremely warm and dry conditions have led to acute water shortages, groundwater overdraft, critically low streamflow, and enhanced wildfire risk. Analyzing historical climate observations from California, we find that precipitation deficits in California were more than twice as likely to yield drought years if they occurred when conditions were warm. We find that although there has not been a substantial change in the probability of either negative or moderately negative precipitation anomalies in recent decades, the occurrence of drought years has been greater in the past two decades than in the preceding century. In addition, the probability that precipitation deficits co-occur with warm conditions and the probability that precipitation deficits produce drought have both increased. Climate model experiments with and without anthropogenic forcings reveal that human activities have increased the probability that dry precipitation years are also warm. Further, a large ensemble of climate model realizations reveals that additional global warming over the next few decades is very likely to create ∼100% probability that any annual-scale dry period is also extremely warm. We therefore conclude that anthropogenic warming is increasing the probability of co-occurring warm–dry conditions like those that have created the acute human and ecosystem impacts associated with the “exceptional” 2012–2014 drought in California. AU - Diffenbaugh, Noah S. AU - Swain, Daniel L. AU - Touma, Danielle DA - March 31, 2015 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1422385112 IS - 13 PY - 2015 SP - 3931-3936 ST - Anthropogenic warming has increased drought risk in California T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Anthropogenic warming has increased drought risk in California VL - 112 ID - 19545 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mao, Yixin AU - Nijssen, Bart AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P. DO - 10.1002/2015GL063456 IS - 8 KW - California drought climate change hydrologic model 1812 Drought 1807 Climate impacts 1817 Extreme events 1833 Hydroclimatology PY - 2015 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 2805-2813 ST - Is climate change implicated in the 2013–2014 California drought? A hydrologic perspective T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Is climate change implicated in the 2013–2014 California drought? A hydrologic perspective VL - 42 ID - 19563 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, A. Park AU - Seager, Richard AU - Abatzoglou, John T. AU - Cook, Benjamin I. AU - Smerdon, Jason E. AU - Cook, Edward R. DO - 10.1002/2015GL064924 IS - 16 KW - drought California warming potential evapotranspiration climate change attribution Palmer Drought Severity Index 1630 Impacts of global change 1812 Drought 1843 Land/atmosphere interactions 1866 Soil moisture 4313 Extreme events PY - 2015 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 6819-6828 ST - Contribution of anthropogenic warming to California drought during 2012–2014 T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Contribution of anthropogenic warming to California drought during 2012–2014 VL - 42 ID - 19585 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Janssen, Emily AU - Wuebbles, Donald J. AU - Kunkel, Kenneth E. AU - Olsen, Seth C. AU - Goodman, Alex DO - 10.1002/2013EF000185 IS - 2 KW - Extreme Precipitation CMIP5 1637 Regional climate change 1610 Atmosphere 1620 Climate dynamics 1626 Global climate models 1627 Coupled models of the climate system PY - 2014 SN - 2328-4277 SP - 99-113 ST - Observational- and model-based trends and projections of extreme precipitation over the contiguous United States T2 - Earth’s Future TI - Observational- and model-based trends and projections of extreme precipitation over the contiguous United States VL - 2 ID - 19689 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lute, A. C. AU - Abatzoglou, J. T. AU - Hegewisch, K. C. DO - 10.1002/2014WR016267 IS - 2 KW - snow climate variability climate change extreme events 0736 Snow 1616 Climate variability 1637 Regional climate change 1817 Extreme events PY - 2015 SN - 1944-7973 SP - 960-972 ST - Projected changes in snowfall extremes and interannual variability of snowfall in the western United States T2 - Water Resources Research TI - Projected changes in snowfall extremes and interannual variability of snowfall in the western United States VL - 51 ID - 19695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gao, Yang AU - Lu, Jian AU - Leung, L. Ruby AU - Yang, Qing AU - Hagos, Samson AU - Qian, Yun DO - 10.1002/2015GL065435 IS - 17 KW - atmospheric rivers climate change thermodynamic effects dynamical effects increased moisture 1655 Water cycles 1610 Atmosphere 1817 Extreme events 3305 Climate change and variability 3337 Global climate models PY - 2015 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 7179-7186 ST - Dynamical and thermodynamical modulations on future changes of landfalling atmospheric rivers over western North America T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Dynamical and thermodynamical modulations on future changes of landfalling atmospheric rivers over western North America VL - 42 ID - 19735 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hagos, Samson M. AU - Leung, L. Ruby AU - Yoon, Jin-Ho AU - Lu, Jian AU - Gao, Yang DO - 10.1002/2015GL067392 IS - 3 KW - atmospheric rivers extreme precipitation climate change global warming moisture transport flooding 1637 Regional climate change 1622 Earth system modeling 1854 Precipitation 1821 Floods 3337 Global climate models PY - 2016 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 1357-1363 ST - A projection of changes in landfalling atmospheric river frequency and extreme precipitation over western North America from the Large Ensemble CESM simulations T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - A projection of changes in landfalling atmospheric river frequency and extreme precipitation over western North America from the Large Ensemble CESM simulations VL - 43 ID - 19739 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Payne, Ashley E. AU - Magnusdottir, Gudrun DO - 10.1002/2015JD023586 IS - 21 KW - atmospheric rivers CMIP5 evaluation North Pacific RCP 8.5 moisture transport 1610 Atmosphere 1620 Climate dynamics 1626 Global climate models 3305 Climate change and variability 4313 Extreme events PY - 2015 SN - 2169-8996 SP - 11,173-11,190 ST - An evaluation of atmospheric rivers over the North Pacific in CMIP5 and their response to warming under RCP 8.5 T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres TI - An evaluation of atmospheric rivers over the North Pacific in CMIP5 and their response to warming under RCP 8.5 VL - 120 ID - 19753 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Most extreme precipitation events that occur along the North American west coast are associated with winter atmospheric river (AR) events. Global climate models have sufficient resolution to simulate synoptic features associated with AR events, such as high values of vertically integrated water vapor transport (IVT) approaching the coast. From phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), 10 simulations are used to identify changes in ARs impacting the west coast of North America between historical (1970–99) and end-of-century (2070–99) runs, using representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. The most extreme ARs are identified in both time periods by the 99th percentile of IVT days along a north–south transect offshore of the coast. Integrated water vapor (IWV) and IVT are predicted to increase, while lower-tropospheric winds change little. Winter mean precipitation along the west coast increases by 11%–18% [from 4% to 6% (°C)−1], while precipitation on extreme IVT days increases by 15%–39% [from 5% to 19% (°C)−1]. The frequency of IVT days above the historical 99th percentile threshold increases as much as 290% by the end of this century. AU - Warner, Michael D. AU - Mass, Clifford F. AU - Salathé Jr., Eric P. DO - 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0080.1 IS - 1 KW - North America,North Pacific Ocean,Extreme events,Flood events,Precipitation,Climate change PY - 2015 SP - 118-128 ST - Changes in winter atmospheric rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 climate models T2 - Journal of Hydrometeorology TI - Changes in winter atmospheric rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 climate models VL - 16 ID - 19769 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The 2012–2015 drought has left California with severely reduced snowpack, soil moisture, ground water, and reservoir stocks, but the impact of this estimated millennial-scale event on forest health is unknown. We used airborne laser-guided spectroscopy and satellite-based models to assess losses in canopy water content of California’s forests between 2011 and 2015. Approximately 10.6 million ha of forest containing up to 888 million large trees experienced measurable loss in canopy water content during this drought period. Severe canopy water losses of greater than 30% occurred over 1 million ha, affecting up to 58 million large trees. Our measurements exclude forests affected by fire between 2011 and 2015. If drought conditions continue or reoccur, even with temporary reprieves such as El Niño, we predict substantial future forest change. AU - Asner, Gregory P. AU - Brodrick, Philip G. AU - Anderson, Christopher B. AU - Vaughn, Nicholas AU - Knapp, David E. AU - Martin, Roberta E. DA - January 12, 2016 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1523397113 IS - 2 PY - 2016 SP - E249-E255 ST - Progressive forest canopy water loss during the 2012–2015 California drought T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Progressive forest canopy water loss during the 2012–2015 California drought VL - 113 ID - 19775 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Average annual absolute minimum temperatures (TN n ) provide a means of delineating agriculturally relevant climate zones and are used to define cold hardiness zones (CHZ) by the United States Department of Agriculture. Projected changes in TN n , mean winter minimum temperatures, and CHZs over the conterminous United States (CONUS) were assessed using an ensemble of statistically downscaled daily climate model output through the mid 21st century (2041–2070). Warming of TN n is on average ∼40% greater than that of mean winter minimum temperatures across CONUS with an average climate velocity of 21.4 km decade −1 resulting in widespread shifts in CHZs. These changes enable a geographic expansion of thermally suitable areas for the cultivation of cold-intolerant perennial agriculture including almond, kiwi, and orange crops. Beyond these crops, warming of TN n has broad implications for food security and biotic interactions. AU - Parker, Lauren E. AU - Abatzoglou, John T. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/034001 IS - 3 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 034001 ST - Projected changes in cold hardiness zones and suitable overwinter ranges of perennial crops over the United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Projected changes in cold hardiness zones and suitable overwinter ranges of perennial crops over the United States VL - 11 ID - 19787 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Slangen, Aimee B. A. AU - Church, John A. AU - Agosta, Cecile AU - Fettweis, Xavier AU - Marzeion, Ben AU - Richter, Kristin DA - 04/11/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2991 M3 - Letter PY - 2016 SN - 1758-6798 SP - 701-705 ST - Anthropogenic forcing dominates global mean sea-level rise since 1970 T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Anthropogenic forcing dominates global mean sea-level rise since 1970 VL - 6 ID - 19982 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bograd, Steven J. AU - Buil, Mercedes Pozo AU - Lorenzo, Emanuele Di AU - Castro, Carmen G. AU - Schroeder, Isaac D. AU - Goericke, Ralf AU - Anderson, Clarissa R. AU - Benitez-Nelson, Claudia AU - Whitney, Frank A. DA - 2// DO - 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.009 KW - California Current System California Undercurrent CalCOFI Dissolved oxygen Inorganic nutrients Water masses Upwelling PY - 2015 SN - 0967-0645 SP - 42-52 ST - Changes in source waters to the Southern California Bight T2 - Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography TI - Changes in source waters to the Southern California Bight VL - 112 ID - 20008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Long, Matthew C. AU - Deutsch, Curtis AU - Ito, Taka DO - 10.1002/2015GB005310 IS - 2 KW - climate variability dissolve oxygen ocean biogeochemistry 1616 Climate variability 1627 Coupled models of the climate system 4805 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling PY - 2016 SN - 1944-9224 SP - 381-397 ST - Finding forced trends in oceanic oxygen T2 - Global Biogeochemical Cycles TI - Finding forced trends in oceanic oxygen VL - 30 ID - 20030 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The causes of the California drought during November–April winters of 2011/12–2013/14 are analyzed using observations and ensemble simulations with seven atmosphere models forced by observed SSTs. Historically, dry California winters are most commonly associated with a ridge off the west coast but no obvious SST forcing. Wet winters are most commonly associated with a trough off the west coast and an El Niño event. These attributes of dry and wet winters are captured by many of the seven models. According to the models, SST forcing can explain up to a third of California winter precipitation variance. SST forcing was key to sustaining a high pressure ridge over the west coast and suppressing precipitation during the three winters. In 2011/12 this was a response to a La Niña event, whereas in 2012/13 and 2013/14 it appears related to a warm west–cool east tropical Pacific SST pattern. All models contain a mode of variability linking such tropical Pacific SST anomalies to a wave train with a ridge off the North American west coast. This mode explains less variance than ENSO and Pacific decadal variability, and its importance in 2012/13 and 2013/14 was unusual. The models from phase 5 of CMIP (CMIP5) project rising greenhouse gases to cause changes in California all-winter precipitation that are very small compared to recent drought anomalies. However, a long-term warming trend likely contributed to surface moisture deficits during the drought. As such, the precipitation deficit during the drought was dominated by natural variability, a conclusion framed by discussion of differences between observed and modeled tropical SST trends. AU - Seager, Richard AU - Hoerling, Martin AU - Schubert, Siegfried AU - Wang, Hailan AU - Lyon, Bradfield AU - Kumar, Arun AU - Nakamura, Jennifer AU - Henderson, Naomi DO - 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00860.1 IS - 18 KW - North America,Drought,Interannual variability PY - 2015 SP - 6997-7024 ST - Causes of the 2011–14 California drought T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Causes of the 2011–14 California drought VL - 28 ID - 20258 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Prein, Andreas F. AU - Holland, Gregory J. AU - Rasmussen, Roy M. AU - Clark, Martyn P. AU - Tye, Mari R. DO - 10.1002/2015GL066727 IS - 3 KW - U.S. droughts precipitation extremes U.S. Southwest weather types 1620 Climate dynamics 1637 Regional climate change 1812 Drought 3354 Precipitation 4313 Extreme events PY - 2016 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 1272-1279 ST - Running dry: The U.S. Southwest's drift into a drier climate state T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Running dry: The U.S. Southwest's drift into a drier climate state VL - 43 ID - 20289 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In the Southwest and Central Plains of Western North America, climate change is expected to increase drought severity in the coming decades. These regions nevertheless experienced extended Medieval-era droughts that were more persistent than any historical event, providing crucial targets in the paleoclimate record for benchmarking the severity of future drought risks. We use an empirical drought reconstruction and three soil moisture metrics from 17 state-of-the-art general circulation models to show that these models project significantly drier conditions in the later half of the 21st century compared to the 20th century and earlier paleoclimatic intervals. This desiccation is consistent across most of the models and moisture balance variables, indicating a coherent and robust drying response to warming despite the diversity of models and metrics analyzed. Notably, future drought risk will likely exceed even the driest centuries of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (1100–1300 CE) in both moderate (RCP 4.5) and high (RCP 8.5) future emissions scenarios, leading to unprecedented drought conditions during the last millennium. AU - Cook, Benjamin I. AU - Ault, Toby R. AU - Smerdon, Jason E. DO - 10.1126/sciadv.1400082 IS - 1 PY - 2015 SP - e1400082 ST - Unprecedented 21st century drought risk in the American Southwest and Central Plains T2 - Science Advances TI - Unprecedented 21st century drought risk in the American Southwest and Central Plains VL - 1 ID - 20415 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Increased forest fire activity across the western continental United States (US) in recent decades has likely been enabled by a number of factors, including the legacy of fire suppression and human settlement, natural climate variability, and human-caused climate change. We use modeled climate projections to estimate the contribution of anthropogenic climate change to observed increases in eight fuel aridity metrics and forest fire area across the western United States. Anthropogenic increases in temperature and vapor pressure deficit significantly enhanced fuel aridity across western US forests over the past several decades and, during 2000–2015, contributed to 75% more forested area experiencing high (>1 σ) fire-season fuel aridity and an average of nine additional days per year of high fire potential. Anthropogenic climate change accounted for ∼55% of observed increases in fuel aridity from 1979 to 2015 across western US forests, highlighting both anthropogenic climate change and natural climate variability as important contributors to increased wildfire potential in recent decades. We estimate that human-caused climate change contributed to an additional 4.2 million ha of forest fire area during 1984–2015, nearly doubling the forest fire area expected in its absence. Natural climate variability will continue to alternate between modulating and compounding anthropogenic increases in fuel aridity, but anthropogenic climate change has emerged as a driver of increased forest fire activity and should continue to do so while fuels are not limiting. AU - Abatzoglou, John T. AU - Williams, A. Park DA - October 18, 2016 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1607171113 IS - 42 PY - 2016 SP - 11770-11775 ST - Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Impact of anthropogenic climate change on wildfire across western US forests VL - 113 ID - 20416 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Klos, P. Zion AU - Link, Timothy E. AU - Abatzoglou, John T. DO - 10.1002/2014GL060500 IS - 13 KW - precipitation phase rain-snow transition rain snow transition climate change 0736 Snow 1621 Cryospheric change 1637 Regional climate change 1854 Precipitation 1840 Hydrometeorology PY - 2014 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4560-4568 ST - Extent of the rain–snow transition zone in the western U.S. under historic and projected climate T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Extent of the rain–snow transition zone in the western U.S. under historic and projected climate VL - 41 ID - 20539 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rhoades, Alan M. AU - Ullrich, Paul A. AU - Zarzycki, Colin M. DO - 10.1007/s00382-017-3606-0 IS - 1-2 PY - 2017 SN - 0930-7575 SP - 261-288 ST - Projecting 21st century snowpack trends in western USA mountains using variable-resolution CESM T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - Projecting 21st century snowpack trends in western USA mountains using variable-resolution CESM VL - 50 ID - 20542 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Over the last century, northeast Pacific coastal sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and land-based surface air temperatures (SATs) display multidecadal variations associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, in addition to a warming trend of ∼0.5–1 °C. Using independent records of sea-level pressure (SLP), SST, and SAT, this study investigates northeast (NE) Pacific coupled atmosphere–ocean variability from 1900 to 2012, with emphasis on the coastal areas around North America. We use a linear stochastic time series model to show that the SST evolution around the NE Pacific coast can be explained by a combination of regional atmospheric forcing and ocean persistence, accounting for 63% of nonseasonal monthly SST variance (r = 0.79) and 73% of variance in annual means (r = 0.86). We show that SLP reductions and related atmospheric forcing led to century-long warming around the NE Pacific margins, with the strongest trends observed from 1910–1920 to 1940. NE Pacific circulation changes are estimated to account for more than 80% of the 1900–2012 linear warming in coastal NE Pacific SST and US Pacific northwest (Washington, Oregon, and northern California) SAT. An ensemble of climate model simulations run under the same historical radiative forcings fails to reproduce the observed regional circulation trends. These results suggest that natural internally generated changes in atmospheric circulation were the primary cause of coastal NE Pacific warming from 1900 to 2012 and demonstrate more generally that regional mechanisms of interannual and multidecadal temperature variability can also extend to century time scales. AU - Johnstone, James A. AU - Mantua, Nathan J. DA - October 7, 2014 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1318371111 IS - 40 PY - 2014 SP - 14360-14365 ST - Atmospheric controls on northeast Pacific temperature variability and change, 1900–2012 T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Atmospheric controls on northeast Pacific temperature variability and change, 1900–2012 VL - 111 ID - 20548 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of human-induced climate warming on different snow measures in the western United States is compared by calculating the time required to achieve a statistically significant linear trend in the different measures, using time series derived from regionally downscaled global climate models. The measures examined include the water content of the spring snowpack, total cold-season snowfall, fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow, length of the snow season, and fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, as well as temperature and precipitation. Various stakeholders may be interested in different sets of these variables. It is found that temperature and the fraction of winter precipitation that falls as snow exhibit significant trends first, followed in 5–10 years by the fraction of cold-season precipitation retained in the spring snowpack, and later still by the water content of the spring snowpack. Change in total cold-season snowfall is least detectable of all the measures, since it is strongly linked to precipitation, which has large natural variability and only a weak anthropogenic trend in the western United States. Averaging over increasingly wider areas monotonically increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the 1950–2025 linear trend from 0.15 to 0.37, depending on the snow measure. AU - Pierce, David W. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00534.1 IS - 12 KW - Climate change,Climate sensitivity,Snow cover PY - 2013 SP - 4148-4167 ST - The uneven response of different snow measures to human-induced climate warming T2 - Journal of Climate TI - The uneven response of different snow measures to human-induced climate warming VL - 26 ID - 20577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lavers, David A. AU - Ralph, F. Martin AU - Waliser, Duane E. AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Dettinger, Michael D. DO - 10.1002/2015GL064672 IS - 13 KW - water vapor transport CMIP5 climate change 1616 Climate variability 1627 Coupled models of the climate system 3305 Climate change and variability PY - 2015 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 5617-5625 ST - Climate change intensification of horizontal water vapor transport in CMIP5 T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Climate change intensification of horizontal water vapor transport in CMIP5 VL - 42 ID - 20580 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Belmecheri, Soumaya AU - Babst, Flurin AU - Wahl, Eugene R. AU - Stahle, David W. AU - Trouet, Valerie DA - 01//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2809 IS - 1 M3 - Correspondence PY - 2016 SN - 1758-678X SP - 2-3 ST - Multi-century evaluation of Sierra Nevada snowpack T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Multi-century evaluation of Sierra Nevada snowpack VL - 6 ID - 20850 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fyfe, John C. AU - Derksen, Chris AU - Mudryk, Lawrence AU - Flato, Gregory M. AU - Santer, Benjamin D. AU - Swart, Neil C. AU - Molotch, Noah P. AU - Zhang, Xuebin AU - Wan, Hui AU - Arora, Vivek K. AU - Scinocca, John AU - Jiao, Yanjun DA - 04/18/online DO - 10.1038/ncomms14996 M3 - Article PY - 2017 SP - 14996 ST - Large near-term projected snowpack loss over the western United States T2 - Nature Communications TI - Large near-term projected snowpack loss over the western United States VL - 8 ID - 20920 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mote, Philip W. AU - Rupp, David E. AU - Li, Sihan AU - Sharp, Darrin J. AU - Otto, Friederike AU - Uhe, Peter F. AU - Xiao, Mu AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P. AU - Cullen, Heidi AU - Allen, Myles R. DO - 10.1002/2016GL069965 IS - 20 KW - snow drought weather@home drought attribution superensemble regional climate model 0736 Snow 1630 Impacts of global change 1637 Regional climate change 1812 Drought 1863 Snow and ice PY - 2016 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 10,980-10,988 ST - Perspectives on the causes of exceptionally low 2015 snowpack in the western United States T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Perspectives on the causes of exceptionally low 2015 snowpack in the western United States VL - 43 ID - 20930 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stephens, S. L. AU - Agee, J. K. AU - Fulé, P. Z. AU - North, M. P. AU - Romme, W. H. AU - Swetnam, T. W. AU - Turner, M. G. DO - 10.1126/science.1240294 IS - 6154 PY - 2013 SP - 41-42 ST - Managing forests and fire in changing climates T2 - Science TI - Managing forests and fire in changing climates VL - 342 ID - 20988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brady, Riley X. AU - Alexander, Michael A. AU - Lovenduski, Nicole S. AU - Rykaczewski, Ryan R. DO - 10.1002/2017GL072945 IS - 10 KW - coastal upwelling internal variability California Current Earth System Model model ensemble 1626 Global climate models 4215 Climate and interannual variability 4279 Upwelling and convergences 4516 Eastern boundary currents PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 5044-5052 ST - Emergent anthropogenic trends in California Current upwelling T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Emergent anthropogenic trends in California Current upwelling VL - 44 ID - 21089 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Yakima River Basin (Basin) in south-central Washington is a prime example of a place where competing water uses, coupled with over-allocation of water resources, have presented water managers with the challenge of meeting current demand, anticipating future demand, and preparing for potential impacts of climate change. We took a decision analysis approach that gathered diverse stakeholders to discuss their concerns pertaining to climate change effects on the Basin and future goals that were collectively important. One main focus was centered on how climate change may influence future salmon populations. Salmon have played a prominent role in the cultures of Basin communities, especially for tribal communities that have social, cultural, spiritual, subsistence, and economic ties to them. Stakeholders identified the need for a better understanding on how the cultural, spiritual, subsistence, and economic aspects of the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation could be affected by changes in salmon populations. In an attempt to understand the complexities of these potential effects, this paper proposes a conceptual model which 1) identifies cultural values and components and the interactions between those components that could influence tribal well-being, and 2) shows how federal natural resource managers could incorporate intangible tribal cultural components into decision-making processes by understanding important components of tribal well-being. Future work includes defining the parameterization of the cultural components in order for the conceptual model to be incorporated with biophysical resource models for scenario simulations. AU - Montag, J. M. AU - Swan, K. AU - Jenni, K. AU - Nieman, T. AU - Hatten, J. AU - Mesa, M. AU - Graves, D. AU - Voss, F. AU - Mastin, M. AU - Hardiman, J. AU - Maule, A. DA - May 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-1001-3 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 385-398 ST - Climate change and Yakama Nation tribal well-being T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change and Yakama Nation tribal well-being VL - 124 ID - 21116 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Adaptation planning offers a promising approach for identifying and devising solutions to address local climate change impacts. Yet there is little empirical understanding of the content and quality of these plans. We use content analysis to evaluate 44 local adaptation plans in the United States and multivariate regression to examine how plan quality varies across communities. We find that plans draw on multiple data sources to analyse future climate impacts and include a breadth of strategies. Most plans, however, fail to prioritize impacts and strategies or provide detailed implementation processes, raising concerns about whether adaptation plans will translate into on-the-ground reductions in vulnerability. Our analysis also finds that plans authored by the planning department and those that engaged elected officials in the planning process were of higher quality. The results provide important insights for practitioners, policymakers and scientists wanting to improve local climate adaptation planning and action. AU - Woodruff, Sierra C. AU - Stults, Missy DA - 08//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate3012 IS - 8 M3 - Article PY - 2016 SN - 1758-678X SP - 796-802 ST - Numerous strategies but limited implementation guidance in US local adaptation plans T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Numerous strategies but limited implementation guidance in US local adaptation plans VL - 6 ID - 21160 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The sensitivity of agricultural productivity to climate has not been sufficiently quantified. The total factor productivity (TFP) of the US agricultural economy has grown continuously for over half a century, with most of the growth typically attributed to technical change. Many studies have examined the effects of local climate on partial productivity measures such as crop yields and economic returns, but these measures cannot account for national-level impacts. Quantifying the relationships between TFP and climate is critical to understanding whether current US agricultural productivity growth will continue into the future. We analyze correlations between regional climate variations and national TFP changes, identify key climate indices, and build a multivariate regression model predicting the growth of agricultural TFP based on a physical understanding of its historical relationship with climate. We show that temperature and precipitation in distinct agricultural regions and seasons explain ∼70% of variations in TFP growth during 1981–2010. To date, the aggregate effects of these regional climate trends on TFP have been outweighed by improvements in technology. Should these relationships continue, however, the projected climate changes could cause TFP to drop by an average 2.84 to 4.34% per year under medium to high emissions scenarios. As a result, TFP could fall to pre-1980 levels by 2050 even when accounting for present rates of innovation. Our analysis provides an empirical foundation for integrated assessment by linking regional climate effects to national economic outcomes, offering a more objective resource for policy making. AU - Liang, Xin-Zhong AU - Wu, You AU - Chambers, Robert G. AU - Schmoldt, Daniel L. AU - Gao, Wei AU - Liu, Chaoshun AU - Liu, Yan-An AU - Sun, Chao AU - Kennedy, Jennifer A. DA - March 21, 2017 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1615922114 IS - 12 PY - 2017 SP - E2285-E2292 ST - Determining climate effects on US total agricultural productivity T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Determining climate effects on US total agricultural productivity VL - 114 ID - 21170 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Clark, James S. AU - Iverson, Louis AU - Woodall, Christopher W. AU - Allen, Craig D. AU - Bell, David M. AU - Bragg, Don C. AU - D'Amato, Anthony W. AU - Davis, Frank W. AU - Hersh, Michelle H. AU - Ibanez, Ines AU - Jackson, Stephen T. AU - Matthews, Stephen AU - Pederson, Neil AU - Peters, Matthew AU - Schwartz, Mark W. AU - Waring, Kristen M. AU - Zimmermann, Niklaus E. DO - 10.1111/gcb.13160 IS - 7 KW - climate change drought forest dieback forest management PY - 2016 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 2329-2352 ST - The impacts of increasing drought on forest dynamics, structure, and biodiversity in the United States T2 - Global Change Biology TI - The impacts of increasing drought on forest dynamics, structure, and biodiversity in the United States VL - 22 ID - 21186 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Although disturbances such as fire and native insects can contribute to natural dynamics of forest health, exceptional droughts, directly and in combination with other disturbance factors, are pushing some temperate forests beyond thresholds of sustainability. Interactions from increasing temperatures, drought, native insects and pathogens, and uncharacteristically severe wildfire are resulting in forest mortality beyond the levels of 20th-century experience. Additional anthropogenic stressors, such as atmospheric pollution and invasive species, further weaken trees in some regions. Although continuing climate change will likely drive many areas of temperate forest toward large-scale transformations, management actions can help ease transitions and minimize losses of socially valued ecosystem services. AU - Millar, Constance I. AU - Stephenson, Nathan L. DO - 10.1126/science.aaa9933 IS - 6250 PY - 2015 SP - 823-826 ST - Temperate forest health in an era of emerging megadisturbance T2 - Science TI - Temperate forest health in an era of emerging megadisturbance VL - 349 ID - 21196 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Norton-Smith, Kathryn AU - Lynn, Kathy AU - Chief, Karletta AU - Cozzetto, Karen AU - Donatuto, Jamie AU - Redsteer, Margaret Hiza AU - Kruger, Linda E. AU - Maldonado, Julie AU - Viles, Carson AU - Whyte, Kyle P. CY - Portland, OR NV - Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-944 PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station PY - 2016 SP - 136 ST - Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: A Synthesis of Current Impacts and Experiences TI - Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples: A Synthesis of Current Impacts and Experiences UR - https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/53156 ID - 21324 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Vinyeta, Kirsten AU - Lynn, Kathy CY - Portland, OR NV - General Technical Report PNW-GTR-879 PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture Pacific Northwest Research Station PY - 2013 SP - 37 ST - Exploring the Role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Climate Change Initiatives TI - Exploring the Role of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Climate Change Initiatives UR - https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr879.pdf ID - 21326 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This report provides estimates of operational water withdrawal and water consumption factors for electricity generating technologies in the United States. Estimates of water factors were collected from published primary literature and were not modified except for unit conversions. The water factors presented may be useful in modeling and policy analyses where reliable power plant level data are not available. Major findings of the report include: water withdrawal and consumption factors vary greatly across and within fuel technologies, and water factors show greater agreement when organized according to cooling technologies as opposed to fuel technologies; a transition to a less carbon-intensive electricity sector could result in either an increase or a decrease in water use, depending on the choice of technologies and cooling systems employed; concentrating solar power technologies and coal facilities with carbon capture and sequestration capabilities have the highest water consumption values when using a recirculating cooling system; and non-thermal renewables, such as photovoltaics and wind, have the lowest water consumption factors. Improved power plant data and further studies into the water requirements of energy technologies in different climatic regions would facilitate greater resolution in analyses of water impacts of future energy and economic scenarios. This report provides the foundation for conducting water use impact assessments of the power sector while also identifying gaps in data that could guide future research. AU - Macknick, J. AU - Newmark, R. AU - Heath, G. AU - Hallett, K. C. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045802 IS - 4 PY - 2012 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 045802 ST - Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: A review of existing literature T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Operational water consumption and withdrawal factors for electricity generating technologies: A review of existing literature VL - 7 ID - 21330 ER - TY - JOUR AU - van Vliet, Michelle T. H. AU - Wiberg, David AU - Leduc, Sylvain AU - Riahi, Keywan DA - 04//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2903 IS - 4 M3 - Letter PY - 2016 SN - 1758-678X SP - 375-380 ST - Power-generation system vulnerability and adaptation to changes in climate and water resources T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Power-generation system vulnerability and adaptation to changes in climate and water resources VL - 6 ID - 21334 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DOE CY - Washington, DC NV - DOE/EPSA-0005 PB - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) PY - 2015 SP - 189 ST - Climate Change and the U.S. Energy Sector: Regional Vulnerabilities and Resilience Solutions TI - Climate Change and the U.S. Energy Sector: Regional Vulnerabilities and Resilience Solutions UR - https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2015/10/f27/Regional_Climate_Vulnerabilities_and_Resilience_Solutions_0.pdf ID - 21345 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC NV - EPA 430‐R‐17‐001 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) PY - 2017 SP - 271 ST - Multi-Model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment TI - Multi-Model Framework for Quantitative Sectoral Impacts Analysis: A Technical Report for the Fourth National Climate Assessment UR - https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_Report.cfm?dirEntryId=335095 ID - 21365 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Xiao, Mu AU - Koppa, Akash AU - Mekonnen, Zelalem AU - Pagán, Brianna R. AU - Zhan, Shengan AU - Cao, Qian AU - Aierken, Abureli AU - Lee, Hyongki AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P. DO - 10.1002/2017GL073333 IS - 10 KW - groundwater loss Central Valley water balance 1829 Groundwater hydrology 1876 Water budgets PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4872-4879 ST - How much groundwater did California's Central Valley lose during the 2012–2016 drought? T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - How much groundwater did California's Central Valley lose during the 2012–2016 drought? VL - 44 ID - 21388 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Wildland fire management has reached a crossroads. Current perspectives are not capable of answering interdisciplinary adaptation and mitigation challenges posed by increases in wildfire risk to human populations and the need to reintegrate fire as a vital landscape process. Fire science has been, and continues to be, performed in isolated “silos,” including institutions (e.g., agencies versus universities), organizational structures (e.g., federal agency mandates versus local and state procedures for responding to fire), and research foci (e.g., physical science, natural science, and social science). These silos tend to promote research, management, and policy that focus only on targeted aspects of the “wicked” wildfire problem. In this article, we provide guiding principles to bridge diverse fire science efforts to advance an integrated agenda of wildfire research that can help overcome disciplinary silos and provide insight on how to build fire-resilient communities. AU - Smith, Alistair M. S. AU - Kolden, Crystal A. AU - Paveglio, Travis B. AU - Cochrane, Mark A. AU - Bowman, David M. J. S. AU - Moritz, Max A. AU - Kliskey, Andrew D. AU - Alessa, Lilian AU - Hudak, Andrew T. AU - Hoffman, Chad M. AU - Lutz, James A. AU - Queen, Lloyd P. AU - Goetz, Scott J. AU - Higuera, Philip E. AU - Boschetti, Luigi AU - Flannigan, Mike AU - Yedinak, Kara M. AU - Watts, Adam C. AU - Strand, Eva K. AU - van Wagtendonk, Jan W. AU - Anderson, John W. AU - Stocks, Brian J. AU - Abatzoglou, John T. DO - 10.1093/biosci/biv182 IS - 2 PY - 2016 SN - 0006-3568 SP - 130-146 ST - The science of firescapes: Achieving fire-resilient communities T2 - BioScience TI - The science of firescapes: Achieving fire-resilient communities VL - 66 ID - 21402 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Gleick, Peter H. CY - Oakland, CA N1 - ISBN: 978-1-893790-71-1 PB - Pacific Institute PY - 2016 RP - ISBN: 978-1-893790-71-1 SP - 9 ST - Impacts of California’s Ongoing Drought: Hydroelectricity Generation 2015 Update TI - Impacts of California’s Ongoing Drought: Hydroelectricity Generation 2015 Update UR - http://pacinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Impacts-Californias-Ongoing-Drought-Hydroelectricity-Generation-2015-Update.pdf ID - 21437 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Maupin, Molly A. AU - Kenny, Joan F. AU - Hutson, Susan S. AU - Lovelace, John K. AU - Barber, Nancy L. AU - Linsey, Kristin S. CY - Reston, VA DO - 10.3133/cir1405 NV - USGC Circular 1405 PB - U.S. Geological Survey PY - 2014 SP - 56 ST - Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2010 TI - Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2010 ID - 21508 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Udall, Bradley AU - Overpeck, Jonathan DO - 10.1002/2016WR019638 IS - 3 KW - Colorado River Basin climate change Colorado River Compact megadrought 1807 Climate impacts 1812 Drought 1833 Hydroclimatology 1880 Water management PY - 2017 SN - 1944-7973 SP - 2404-2418 ST - The twenty-first century Colorado River hot drought and implications for the future T2 - Water Resources Research TI - The twenty-first century Colorado River hot drought and implications for the future VL - 53 ID - 21537 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Colorado River is the primary water source for more than 30 million people in the United States and Mexico. Recent studies that project streamf low changes in the Colorado River all project annual declines, but the magnitude of the projected decreases range from less than 10% to 45% by the mid-twenty-first century. To understand these differences, we address the questions the management community has raised: Why is there such a wide range of projections of impacts of future climate change on Colorado River streamflow, and how should this uncertainty be interpreted? We identify four major sources of disparities among studies that arise from both methodological and model differences. In order of importance, these are differences in 1) the global climate models (GCMs) and emission scenarios used; 2) the ability of land surface and atmospheric models to simulate properly the high-elevation runoff source areas; 3) the sensitivities of land surface hydrology models to precipitation and temperature changes; and 4) the methods used to statistically downscale GCM scenarios. In accounting for these differences, there is substantial evidence across studies that future Colorado River streamflow will be reduced under the current trajectories of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions because of a combination of strong temperature-induced runoff curtailment and reduced annual precipitation. Reconstructions of preinstrumental streamflows provide additional insights; the greatest risk to Colorado River streamf lows is a multidecadal drought, like that observed in paleoreconstructions, exacerbated by a steady reduction in flows due to climate change. This could result in decades of sustained streamflows much lower than have been observed in the ~100 years of instrumental record. AU - Vano, Julie A. AU - Udall, Bradley AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Overpeck, Jonathan T. AU - Brekke, Levi D. AU - Das, Tapash AU - Hartmann, Holly C. AU - Hidalgo, Hugo G. AU - Hoerling, Martin AU - McCabe, Gregory J. AU - Morino, Kiyomi AU - Webb, Robert S. AU - Werner, Kevin AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P. DO - 10.1175/bams-d-12-00228.1 IS - 1 PY - 2014 SP - 59-78 ST - Understanding uncertainties in future Colorado River streamflow T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Understanding uncertainties in future Colorado River streamflow VL - 95 ID - 21543 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Knutson, T. AU - Kossin, J.P. AU - Mears, C. AU - Perlwitz, J. AU - Wehner, M.F. C4 - 0725eae6-7458-4ec2-8f66-880d88118148 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J01834ND PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 3 SP - 114-132 ST - Detection and attribution of climate change T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Detection and attribution of climate change ID - 21561 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Perlwitz, J. AU - Knutson, T. AU - Kossin, J.P. AU - LeGrande, A.N. C4 - 1a46c6a2-4b5f-408d-b3d0-21ebdd4f960b CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0RV0KVQ PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 5 SP - 161-184 ST - Large-scale circulation and climate variability T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Large-scale circulation and climate variability ID - 21563 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Vose, R.S. AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Kunkel, K.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. AU - Wehner, M.F. C4 - 29960c69-6168-4fb0-9af0-d50bdd91acd3 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0N29V45 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 6 SP - 185-206 ST - Temperature changes in the United States T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Temperature changes in the United States ID - 21564 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Kunkel, K.E. AU - Arnold, J.R. AU - Knutson, T. AU - LeGrande, A.N. AU - Leung, L.R. AU - Vose, R.S. AU - Waliser, D.E. AU - Wehner, M.F. C4 - e8089a19-413e-4bc5-8c4a-7610399e268c CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0H993CC PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 7 SP - 207-230 ST - Precipitation change in the United States T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Precipitation change in the United States ID - 21565 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Wehner, M.F. AU - Arnold, J.R. AU - Knutson, T. AU - Kunkel, K.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. C4 - a29b612b-8c28-4c93-9c18-19314babce89 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0CJ8BNN PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 8 SP - 231-256 ST - Droughts, floods, and wildfires T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Droughts, floods, and wildfires ID - 21566 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Kossin, J.P. AU - Hall, T. AU - Knutson, T. AU - Kunkel, K.E. AU - Trapp, R.J. AU - Waliser, D.E. AU - Wehner, M.F. C4 - 52ce1b63-1b04-4728-9f1b-daee39af665e CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J07S7KXX PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 9 SP - 257-276 ST - Extreme storms T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Extreme storms ID - 21567 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wuebbles, D.J. A2 - Fahey, D.W. A2 - Hibbard, K.A. A2 - Dokken, D.J. A2 - Stewart, B.C. A2 - Maycock, T.K. AU - Sweet, W.V. AU - Horton, R. AU - Kopp, R.E. AU - LeGrande, A.N. AU - Romanou, A. C4 - 3bae2310-7572-47e2-99a4-9e4276764934 CY - Washington, DC, USA DO - 10.7930/J0VM49F2 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 SE - Ch. 12 SP - 333-363 ST - Sea level rise T2 - Climate Science Special Report: Fourth National Climate Assessment, Volume I TI - Sea level rise ID - 21570 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Joyce, Linda A. AU - Briske, David D. AU - Brown, Joel R. AU - Polley, H. Wayne AU - McCarl, Bruce A. AU - Bailey, Derek W. DA - 2013/09/01/ DO - 10.2111/REM-D-12-00142.1 IS - 5 KW - carbon sequestration land change science social-ecological systems social learning sustainability transformation PY - 2013 SN - 1550-7424 SP - 512-528 ST - Climate change and North American rangelands: Assessment of mitigation and adaptation strategies T2 - Rangeland Ecology & Management TI - Climate change and North American rangelands: Assessment of mitigation and adaptation strategies VL - 66 ID - 21589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Feely, Richard A. AU - Alin, Simone R. AU - Carter, Brendan AU - Bednaršek, Nina AU - Hales, Burke AU - Chan, Francis AU - Hill, Tessa M. AU - Gaylord, Brian AU - Sanford, Eric AU - Byrne, Robert H. AU - Sabine, Christopher L. AU - Greeley, Dana AU - Juranek, Lauren DA - 12/20/ DO - 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.08.043 KW - California current large marine ecosystem Ocean acidification Anthropogenic CO2 Upwelling Pteropod dissolution PY - 2016 SN - 0272-7714 SP - 260-270 ST - Chemical and biological impacts of ocean acidification along the west coast of North America T2 - Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science TI - Chemical and biological impacts of ocean acidification along the west coast of North America VL - 183, Part A ID - 21599 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The potential effects of climate change on net primary productivity (NPP) of U.S. rangelands were evaluated using estimated climate regimes from the A1B, A2 and B2 global change scenarios imposed on the biogeochemical cycling model, Biome-BGC from 2001 to 2100. Temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure deficit, day length, solar radiation, CO2 enrichment and nitrogen deposition were evaluated as drivers of NPP. Across all three scenarios, rangeland NPP increased by 0.26 % year−1 (7 kg C ha−1 year−1) but increases were not apparent until after 2030 and significant regional variation in NPP was revealed. The Desert Southwest and Southwest assessment regions exhibited declines in NPP of about 7 % by 2100, while the Northern and Southern Great Plains, Interior West and Eastern Prairies all experienced increases over 25 %. Grasslands dominated by warm season (C4 photosynthetic pathway) species showed the greatest response to temperature while cool season (C3 photosynthetic pathway) dominated regions responded most strongly to CO2 enrichment. Modeled NPP responses compared favorably with experimental results from CO2 manipulation experiments and to NPP estimates from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Collectively, these results indicate significant and asymmetric changes in NPP for U.S. rangelands may be expected. AU - Reeves, Matthew C. AU - Moreno, Adam L. AU - Bagne, Karen E. AU - Running, Steven W. DA - October 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-014-1235-8 IS - 3 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 429-442 ST - Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States T2 - Climatic Change TI - Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States VL - 126 ID - 21602 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buotte, Polly C. AU - Hicke, Jeffrey A. AU - Preisler, Haiganoush K. AU - Abatzoglou, John T. AU - Raffa, Kenneth F. AU - Logan, Jesse A. DO - 10.1002/eap.1396 IS - 8 KW - climate change Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins forest disturbance Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem logistic regression Pinus albicaulis Pinus contorta var. latifolia PY - 2016 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 2507-2524 ST - Climate influences on whitebark pine mortality from mountain pine beetle in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Climate influences on whitebark pine mortality from mountain pine beetle in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem VL - 26 ID - 21609 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chief, Karletta AU - Meadow, Alison AU - Whyte, Kyle DO - 10.3390/w8080350 IS - 8 PY - 2016 SN - 2073-4441 SP - 350 ST - Engaging southwestern tribes in sustainable water resources topics and management T2 - Water TI - Engaging southwestern tribes in sustainable water resources topics and management VL - 8 ID - 21627 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Maynard, Nancy G. CY - Prior Lake, MN PB - NASA PY - 2014 SP - 124 ST - Native Peoples–Native Homelands Climate Change Workshop II. Final Report: An Indigenous Response to Climate Change TI - Native Peoples–Native Homelands Climate Change Workshop II. Final Report: An Indigenous Response to Climate Change UR - https://neptune.gsfc.nasa.gov/uploads/images_db/NPNH-Report-No-Blanks.pdf ID - 21676 ER - TY - JOUR AU - West, J. Jason AU - Smith, Steven J. AU - Silva, Raquel A. AU - Naik, Vaishali AU - Zhang, Yuqiang AU - Adelman, Zachariah AU - Fry, Meridith M. AU - Anenberg, Susan AU - Horowitz, Larry W. AU - Lamarque, Jean-Francois DA - 10//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2009 IS - 10 M3 - Letter PY - 2013 SN - 1758-678X SP - 885-889 ST - Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air quality and human health T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Co-benefits of mitigating global greenhouse gas emissions for future air quality and human health VL - 3 ID - 21695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pinsky, Malin L. AU - Mantua, Nathan J. DO - 10.5670/oceanog.2014.93 IS - 4 PY - 2014 SP - 146-159 ST - Emerging adaptation approaches for climate-ready fisheries management T2 - Oceanography TI - Emerging adaptation approaches for climate-ready fisheries management VL - 27 ID - 21721 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Global ocean temperatures are rising, yet the impacts of such changes on harmful algal blooms (HABs) are not fully understood. Here we used high-resolution sea-surface temperature records (1982 to 2016) and temperature-dependent growth rates of two algae that produce potent biotoxins, Alexandrium fundyense and Dinophysis acuminata, to evaluate recent changes in these HABs. For both species, potential mean annual growth rates and duration of bloom seasons significantly increased within many coastal Atlantic regions between 40°N and 60°N, where incidents of these HABs have emerged and expanded in recent decades. Widespread trends were less evident across the North Pacific, although regions were identified across the Salish Sea and along the Alaskan coastline where blooms have recently emerged, and there have been significant increases in the potential growth rates and duration of these HAB events. We conclude that increasing ocean temperature is an important factor facilitating the intensification of these, and likely other, HABs and thus contributes to an expanding human health threat. AU - Gobler, Christopher J. AU - Doherty, Owen M. AU - Hattenrath-Lehmann, Theresa K. AU - Griffith, Andrew W. AU - Kang, Yoonja AU - Litaker, R. Wayne DA - May 9, 2017 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1619575114 IS - 19 PY - 2017 SP - 4975-4980 ST - Ocean warming since 1982 has expanded the niche of toxic algal blooms in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Ocean warming since 1982 has expanded the niche of toxic algal blooms in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans VL - 114 ID - 21822 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berman, Jesse D. AU - Ebisu, Keita AU - Peng, Roger D. AU - Dominici, Francesca AU - Bell, Michelle L. DA - 2017/04/01/ DO - 10.1016/S2542-5196(17)30002-5 IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 2542-5196 SP - e17-e25 ST - Drought and the risk of hospital admissions and mortality in older adults in western USA from 2000 to 2013: A retrospective study T2 - The Lancet Planetary Health TI - Drought and the risk of hospital admissions and mortality in older adults in western USA from 2000 to 2013: A retrospective study VL - 1 ID - 21858 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is expected to modify the timing of seasonal transitions this century, impacting wildlife migrations, ecosystem function, and agricultural activity. Tracking seasonal transitions in a consistent manner across space and through time requires indices that can be used for monitoring and managing biophysical and ecological systems during the coming decades. Here a new gridded dataset of spring indices is described and used to understand interannual, decadal, and secular trends across the coterminous United States. This dataset is derived from daily interpolated meteorological data, and the results are compared with historical station data to ensure the trends and variations are robust. Regional trends in the first leaf index range from −0.8 to −1.6 days decade−1, while first bloom index trends are between −0.4 and −1.2 for most regions. However, these trends are modulated by interannual to multidecadal variations, which are substantial throughout the regions considered here. These findings emphasize the important role large-scale climate modes of variability play in modulating spring onset on interannual to multidecadal time scales. Finally, there is some potential for successful subseasonal forecasts of spring onset, as indices from most regions are significantly correlated with antecedent large-scale modes of variability. AU - Ault, Toby R. AU - Schwartz, Mark D. AU - Zurita-Milla, Raul AU - Weltzin, Jake F. AU - Betancourt, Julio L. DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-14-00736.1 IS - 21 KW - Climate variability,Decadal variability,Interannual variability,Multidecadal variability,Spring season,Agriculture PY - 2015 SP - 8363-8378 ST - Trends and natural variability of spring onset in the coterminous United States as evaluated by a new gridded dataset of spring indices T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Trends and natural variability of spring onset in the coterminous United States as evaluated by a new gridded dataset of spring indices VL - 28 ID - 21918 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EPA CY - Washington, DC NV - EPA 430-R-15-001 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Atmospheric Programs PY - 2015 SP - 93 ST - Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action TI - Climate Change in the United States: Benefits of Global Action UR - https://www.epa.gov/cira/downloads-cira-report ID - 21925 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alexander, M. A. AU - Scott, J. D. AU - Friedland, K. AU - Mills, K. E. AU - Nye, J. A. AU - Pershing, A. J. AU - Thomas, A. C. DO - 10.1525/elementa.191 IS - 1 PY - 2018 SP - Art. 9 ST - Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans T2 - Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene TI - Projected sea surface temperatures over the 21st century: Changes in the mean, variability and extremes for large marine ecosystem regions of Northern Oceans VL - 6 ID - 21934 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Westerling, Anthony LeRoy DO - 10.1098/rstb.2015.0178 PY - 2016 SP - 20150178 ST - Increasing western US forest wildfire activity: Sensitivity to changes in the timing of spring T2 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences TI - Increasing western US forest wildfire activity: Sensitivity to changes in the timing of spring VL - 371 ID - 21942 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McDowell, N. G. AU - Williams, A. P. AU - Xu, C. AU - Pockman, W. T. AU - Dickman, L. T. AU - Sevanto, S. AU - Pangle, R. AU - Limousin, J. AU - Plaut, J. AU - Mackay, D. S. AU - Ogee, J. AU - Domec, J. C. AU - Allen, C. D. AU - Fisher, R. A. AU - Jiang, X. AU - Muss, J. D. AU - Breshears, D. D. AU - Rauscher, S. A. AU - Koven, C. DA - 03//print DO - 10.1038/nclimate2873 IS - 3 M3 - Letter PY - 2016 SN - 1758-678X SP - 295-300 ST - Multi-scale predictions of massive conifer mortality due to chronic temperature rise T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Multi-scale predictions of massive conifer mortality due to chronic temperature rise VL - 6 ID - 21972 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Wildfire is a particular concern in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) of the western United States where human development occurs close to flammable natural vegetation. AU - Liu, Zhihua AU - Wimberly, Michael C. AU - Lamsal, Aashis AU - Sohl, Terry L. AU - Hawbaker, Todd J. DA - December 01 DO - 10.1007/s10980-015-0222-4 IS - 10 M3 - journal article PY - 2015 SN - 1572-9761 SP - 1943-1957 ST - Climate change and wildfire risk in an expanding wildland–urban interface: A case study from the Colorado Front Range Corridor T2 - Landscape Ecology TI - Climate change and wildfire risk in an expanding wildland–urban interface: A case study from the Colorado Front Range Corridor VL - 30 ID - 21979 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forests are substantially influenced by disturbances, and therefore accurate information about the location, timing, and magnitude of disturbances is important for understanding effects. In the western United States, the two major disturbance agents that kill trees are wildfire and bark beetle outbreaks. Our objective was to quantify mortality area (canopy area of killed trees), which better represents impacts than affected area (by beetles) or burn perimeter area, and characterize patterns in space and time. We based our estimates on aerial surveys for bark beetles and the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity database (from satellite imagery) for fires. We found that during the last three decades, bark beetle-caused mortality area was 6.6 Mha (range of estimates, 0.64‐7.8 Mha; 7.1% [0.7‐8.4%] of the forested area in the western United States) and fire-caused mortality area was 2.7‐5.9 Mha (2.9‐6.3%). Mortality area from beetles and fire was similar to recent harvest area from a national report. Although large outbreaks and fires occurred before 2000, substantially more trees were killed since then. In several forest types, mortality area exceeded 20% of the total forest type area. Our mortality area estimates allow for comparisons among disturbance types and improved assessment of the effects of tree mortality. AU - Hicke, Jeffrey A. AU - Meddens, Arjan J. H. AU - Kolden, Crystal A. DA - // DO - 10.5849/forsci.15-086 IS - 2 KW - Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity aerial surveys forest disturbances PY - 2016 SP - 141-153 ST - Recent tree mortality in the western United States from bark beetles and forest fires T2 - Forest Science TI - Recent tree mortality in the western United States from bark beetles and forest fires VL - 62 ID - 21992 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tong, Daniel Q. AU - Wang, Julian X. L. AU - Gill, Thomas E. AU - Lei, Hang AU - Wang, Binyu DO - 10.1002/2017GL073524 IS - 9 KW - dust Valley fever climate air quality aerosol health 0305 Aerosols and particles 0360 Radiation: transmission and scattering 1616 Climate variability 1630 Impacts of global change PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4304-4312 ST - Intensified dust storm activity and Valley fever infection in the southwestern United States T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Intensified dust storm activity and Valley fever infection in the southwestern United States VL - 44 ID - 22043 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bednaršek, N. AU - Feely, R. A. AU - Reum, J. C. P. AU - Peterson, B. AU - Menkel, J. AU - Alin, S. R. AU - Hales, B. DO - 10.1098/rspb.2014.0123 IS - 1785 M3 - 10.1098/rspb.2014.0123 PY - 2014 ST - Limacina helicina shell dissolution as an indicator of declining habitat suitability owing to ocean acidification in the California Current Ecosystem T2 - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences TI - Limacina helicina shell dissolution as an indicator of declining habitat suitability owing to ocean acidification in the California Current Ecosystem VL - 281 ID - 22171 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bednaršek, N. AU - Feely, R. A. AU - Tolimieri, N. AU - Hermann, A. J. AU - Siedlecki, S. A. AU - Waldbusser, G. G. AU - McElhany, P. AU - Alin, S. R. AU - Klinger, T. AU - Moore-Maley, B. AU - Pörtner, H. O. DA - 2017/07/03 DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-03934-z IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 4526 ST - Exposure history determines pteropod vulnerability to ocean acidification along the US West Coast T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Exposure history determines pteropod vulnerability to ocean acidification along the US West Coast VL - 7 ID - 22172 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ramajo, Laura AU - Pérez-León, Elia AU - Hendriks, Iris E. AU - Marbà, Núria AU - Krause-Jensen, Dorte AU - Sejr, Mikael K. AU - Blicher, Martin E. AU - Lagos, Nelson A. AU - Olsen, Ylva S. AU - Duarte, Carlos M. DA - 01/18 06/10/received 12/07/accepted DB - PMC DO - 10.1038/srep19374 PY - 2016 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 19374 ST - Food supply confers calcifiers resistance to ocean acidification T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Food supply confers calcifiers resistance to ocean acidification VL - 6 ID - 22282 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The rate at which global mean sea level (GMSL) rose during the 20th century is uncertain, with little consensus between various reconstructions that indicate rates of rise ranging from 1.3 to 2 mm⋅y−1. Here we present a 20th-century GMSL reconstruction computed using an area-weighting technique for averaging tide gauge records that both incorporates up-to-date observations of vertical land motion (VLM) and corrections for local geoid changes resulting from ice melting and terrestrial freshwater storage and allows for the identification of possible differences compared with earlier attempts. Our reconstructed GMSL trend of 1.1 ± 0.3 mm⋅y−1 (1σ) before 1990 falls below previous estimates, whereas our estimate of 3.1 ± 1.4 mm⋅y−1 from 1993 to 2012 is consistent with independent estimates from satellite altimetry, leading to overall acceleration larger than previously suggested. This feature is geographically dominated by the Indian Ocean–Southern Pacific region, marking a transition from lower-than-average rates before 1990 toward unprecedented high rates in recent decades. We demonstrate that VLM corrections, area weighting, and our use of a common reference datum for tide gauges may explain the lower rates compared with earlier GMSL estimates in approximately equal proportion. The trends and multidecadal variability of our GMSL curve also compare well to the sum of individual contributions obtained from historical outputs of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5. This, in turn, increases our confidence in process-based projections presented in the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. AU - Dangendorf, Sönke AU - Marcos, Marta AU - Wöppelmann, Guy AU - Conrad, Clinton P. AU - Frederikse, Thomas AU - Riva, Riccardo DA - 2017/06/06/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.1616007114 DP - www.pnas.org.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu IS - 23 KW - tide gauges fingerprints global mean sea level vertical land motion LA - en PY - 2017 SN - 0027-8424, 1091-6490 SP - 5946-5951 ST - Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Reassessment of 20th century global mean sea level rise VL - 114 Y2 - 2017/09/22/20:57:45 ID - 22415 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Henson, Stephanie A. AU - Beaulieu, Claudie AU - Ilyina, Tatiana AU - John, Jasmin G. AU - Long, Matthew AU - Séférian, Roland AU - Tjiputra, Jerry AU - Sarmiento, Jorge L. DA - 2017 DO - 10.1038/ncomms14682 DP - opensky.ucar.edu PY - 2017 SN - 2041-1723 SP - 14682 ST - Rapid emergence of climate change in environmental drivers of marine ecosystems T2 - Nature Communications TI - Rapid emergence of climate change in environmental drivers of marine ecosystems VL - 8 Y2 - 2017/09/23/01:38:20 ID - 22449 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Global climate change drives sea-level rise, increasing the frequency of coastal flooding. In most coastal regions, the amount of sea-level rise occurring over years to decades is significantly smaller than normal ocean-level fluctuations caused by tides, waves, and storm surge. However, even gradual sea-level rise can rapidly increase the frequency and severity of coastal flooding. So far, global-scale estimates of increased coastal flooding due to sea-level rise have not considered elevated water levels due to waves, and thus underestimate the potential impact. Here we use extreme value theory to combine sea-level projections with wave, tide, and storm surge models to estimate increases in coastal flooding on a continuous global scale. We find that regions with limited water-level variability, i.e., short-tailed flood-level distributions, located mainly in the Tropics, will experience the largest increases in flooding frequency. The 10 to 20 cm of sea-level rise expected no later than 2050 will more than double the frequency of extreme water-level events in the Tropics, impairing the developing economies of equatorial coastal cities and the habitability of low-lying Pacific island nations. AU - Vitousek, Sean AU - Barnard, Patrick L. AU - Fletcher, Charles H. AU - Frazer, Neil AU - Erikson, Li AU - Storlazzi, Curt D. DA - 2017/05/18/ DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-01362-7 DP - www.nature.com IS - 1 LA - En PY - 2017 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 1399 ST - Doubling of coastal flooding frequency within decades due to sea-level rise T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Doubling of coastal flooding frequency within decades due to sea-level rise VL - 7 Y2 - 2017/09/25/22:55:07 ID - 22533 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hauer, Mathew E AU - Evans, Jason M AU - Mishra, Deepak R DO - 10.1038/nclimate2961 IS - 7 PY - 2016 SN - 1758-678X SP - 691-695 ST - Millions projected to be at risk from sea-level rise in the continental United States T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Millions projected to be at risk from sea-level rise in the continental United States VL - 6 ID - 22589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Oleson, K. W. AU - Monaghan, A. AU - Wilhelmi, O. AU - Barlage, M. AU - Brunsell, N. AU - Feddema, J. AU - Hu, L. AU - Steinhoff, D. F. DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0936-8 IS - 3-4 PY - 2015 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 525-541 ST - Interactions between urbanization, heat stress, and climate change T2 - Climatic Change TI - Interactions between urbanization, heat stress, and climate change VL - 129 ID - 22625 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper introduces a scalable "climate health justice" model for assessing and projecting incidence, treatment costs, and sociospatial disparities for diseases with well-documented climate change linkages. The model is designed to employ low-cost secondary data, and it is rooted in a perspective that merges normative environmental justice concerns with theoretical grounding in health inequalities. Since the model employs International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) disease codes, it is transferable to other contexts, appropriate for use across spatial scales, and suitable for comparative analyses. We demonstrate the utility of the model through analysis of 2008-2010 hospitalization discharge data at state and county levels in Texas (USA). We identified several disease categories (i.e., cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, heat-related, and respiratory) associated with climate change, and then selected corresponding ICD-9 codes with the highest hospitalization counts for further analyses. Selected diseases include ischemic heart disease, diarrhea, heat exhaustion/cramps/stroke/syncope, and asthma. Cardiovascular disease ranked first among the general categories of diseases for age-adjusted hospital admission rate (5286.37 per 100,000). In terms of specific selected diseases (per 100,000 population), asthma ranked first (517.51), followed by ischemic heart disease (195.20), diarrhea (75.35), and heat exhaustion/cramps/stroke/syncope (7.81). Charges associated with the selected diseases over the 3-year period amounted to US$5.6 billion. Blacks were disproportionately burdened by the selected diseases in comparison to non-Hispanic whites, while Hispanics were not. Spatial distributions of the selected disease rates revealed geographic zones of disproportionate risk. Based upon a down-scaled regional climate-change projection model, we estimate a >5% increase in the incidence and treatment costs of asthma attributable to climate change between the baseline and 2040-2050 in Texas. Additionally, the inequalities described here will be accentuated, with blacks facing amplified health disparities in the future. These predicted trends raise both intergenerational and distributional climate health justice concerns. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AU - McDonald, Y. J. AU - Grineski, S. E. AU - Collins, T. W. AU - Kim, Y. A. DA - May DO - 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.10.032 KW - climate justice Health PY - 2015 SN - 0277-9536 SP - 242-252 ST - A scalable climate health justice assessment model T2 - Social Science & Medicine TI - A scalable climate health justice assessment model VL - 133 ID - 22786 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rockman, Marcy AU - Morgan, Marissa AU - Ziaja, Sonya AU - Hambrecht, George AU - Meadow, Alison CY - Washington, DC KW - Climate change Cultural PB - Cultural Resources, Partnerships, and Science and Climate Change Response Program, National Park Service PY - 2016 ST - Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy TI - Cultural Resources Climate Change Strategy UR - https://www.nps.gov/subjects/climatechange/upload/NPS-2016_Cultural-Resoures-Climate-Change-Strategy.pdf ID - 22827 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busch, D. Shallin AU - Griffis, Roger AU - Link, Jason AU - Abrams, Karen AU - Baker, Jason AU - Brainard, Russell E. AU - Ford, Michael AU - Hare, Jonathan A. AU - Himes-Cornell, Amber AU - Hollowed, Anne AU - Mantua, Nathan J. AU - McClatchie, Sam AU - McClure, Michelle AU - Nelson, Mark W. AU - Osgood, Kenric AU - Peterson, Jay O. AU - Rust, Michael AU - Saba, Vincent AU - Sigler, Michael F. AU - Sykora-Bodie, Seth AU - Toole, Christopher AU - Thunberg, Eric AU - Waples, Robin S. AU - Merrick, Richard DA - 2016/12/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.marpol.2016.09.001 KW - Adaptation Climate policy Ecosystem-based management Fisheries management Living marine resources Marine conservation PY - 2016 SN - 0308-597X SP - 58-67 ST - Climate science strategy of the US National Marine Fisheries Service T2 - Marine Policy TI - Climate science strategy of the US National Marine Fisheries Service VL - 74 ID - 23353 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Refugia have long been studied from paleontological and biogeographical perspectives to understand how populations persisted during past periods of unfavorable climate. Recently, researchers have applied the idea to contemporary landscapes to identify climate change refugia, here defined as areas relatively buffered from contemporary climate change over time that enable persistence of valued physical, ecological, and socio-cultural resources. We differentiate historical and contemporary views, and characterize physical and ecological processes that create and maintain climate change refugia. We then delineate how refugia can fit into existing decision support frameworks for climate adaptation and describe seven steps for managing them. Finally, we identify challenges and opportunities for operationalizing the concept of climate change refugia. Managing climate change refugia can be an important option for conservation in the face of ongoing climate change. AU - Morelli, Toni Lyn AU - Daly, Christopher AU - Dobrowski, Solomon Z. AU - Dulen, Deanna M. AU - Ebersole, Joseph L. AU - Jackson, Stephen T. AU - Lundquist, Jessica D. AU - Millar, Constance I. AU - Maher, Sean P. AU - Monahan, William B. AU - Nydick, Koren R. AU - Redmond, Kelly T. AU - Sawyer, Sarah C. AU - Stock, Sarah AU - Beissinger, Steven R. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0159909 IS - 8 PY - 2016 SP - e0159909 ST - Managing climate change refugia for climate adaptation T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Managing climate change refugia for climate adaptation VL - 11 ID - 23422 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Southwestern US is a five-state region that has supported animal agriculture since the late 16th Century when European settlers crossed the Rio Grande into present day west Texas and southern New Mexico with herds of cattle, sheep, goats and horses. For the past 400 years the rangeland livestock industry, in its many forms and manifestations, has developed management strategies and conservation practices that impart resilience to the climatic extremes, especially prolonged droughts, that are common and extensive across this region. Livestock production from rangelands in the southwest (SW) is adapted to low rainfall and high ambient temperatures, but will have to continue to adapt management strategies, such as reduced stocking rates, proper grazing management practices, employing animal genetics suited to arid environments with less herbaceous production, erosion control conservation practices, and alternative forage supplies, in an increasingly arid and variable climatic environment. Even though the aging demographics of western ranchers could be a deterrent to implementing various adaptations, there are examples of creative management coalitions to cope with climatic change that are emerging in the SW that can serve as instructive examples. More importantly, there are additional opportunities for incorporation of transformative practices and technologies that can sustain animal agriculture in the SW in a warmer environment. Animal agriculture in the SW is inherently resilient, and has the capacity to adapt and transform as needed to the climatic changes that are now occurring and will continue to occur across this region. However, producers and land managers will need to thoroughly understand the vulnerabilities and sensitivities that face them as well as the ecological characteristics of their specific landscapes in order to cope with the emerging climatic changes across the SW region. AU - Havstad, K. M. AU - Brown, J. R. AU - Estell, R. AU - Elias, E. AU - Rango, A. AU - Steele, C. DA - November 08 DO - 10.1007/s10584-016-1834-7 M3 - journal article PY - 2016 SN - 1573-1480 ST - Vulnerabilities of southwestern U.S. rangeland-based animal agriculture to climate change T2 - Climatic Change TI - Vulnerabilities of southwestern U.S. rangeland-based animal agriculture to climate change ID - 23531 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Brown, M.E. AU - Antle, J.M. AU - Backlund, P. AU - Carr, E.R. AU - Easterling, W.E. AU - Walsh, M.K. AU - Ammann, C. AU - Attavanich, W. AU - Barrett, C.B. AU - Bellemare, M.F. AU - Dancheck, V. AU - Funk, C. AU - Grace, K. AU - Ingram, J.S.I. AU - Jiang, H. AU - Maletta, H. AU - Mata, T. AU - Murray, A. AU - Ngugi, M. AU - Ojima, D. AU - O’Neill, B. AU - Tebaldi, C. CY - Washington, DC DO - 10.7930/J0862DC7 PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2015 SP - 146 ST - Climate Change, Global Food Security, and the U.S. Food System TI - Climate Change, Global Food Security, and the U.S. Food System ID - 23655 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scholin, Christopher A. AU - Gulland, Frances AU - Doucette, Gregory J. AU - Benson, Scott AU - Busman, Mark AU - Chavez, Francisco P. AU - Cordaro, Joe AU - DeLong, Robert AU - De Vogelaere, Andrew AU - Harvey, James AU - Haulena, Martin AU - Lefebvre, Kathi AU - Lipscomb, Tom AU - Loscutoff, Susan AU - Lowenstine, Linda J. AU - Marin Iii, Roman AU - Miller, Peter E. AU - McLellan, William A. AU - Moeller, Peter D. R. AU - Powell, Christine L. AU - Rowles, Teri AU - Silvagni, Paul AU - Silver, Mary AU - Spraker, Terry AU - Trainer, Vera AU - Van Dolah, Frances M. DA - 01/06/online DO - 10.1038/47481 PY - 2000 SP - 80-84 ST - Mortality of sea lions along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom T2 - Nature TI - Mortality of sea lions along the central California coast linked to a toxic diatom bloom VL - 403 ID - 23656 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahmed, Selena AU - Stepp, John Richard DO - 10.12952/journal.elementa.000092 PY - 2016 SP - 0000092 ST - Beyond yields: Climate change effects on specialty crop quality and agroecological management T2 - Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene TI - Beyond yields: Climate change effects on specialty crop quality and agroecological management VL - 4 ID - 23657 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, Craig D. AU - Breshears, David D. AU - McDowell, Nate G. C7 - art129 DO - 10.1890/ES15-00203.1 IS - 8 KW - carbon starvation climate change CO2 fertilization drought ESA Centennial Paper extreme events forest die-off forests hydraulic failure insect pests pathogens tree mortality woodlands PY - 2015 SN - 2150-8925 SP - 1-55 ST - On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die-off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene T2 - Ecosphere TI - On underestimation of global vulnerability to tree mortality and forest die-off from hotter drought in the Anthropocene VL - 6 ID - 23658 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Megadroughts are comparable in severity to the worst droughts of the 20th century but are of much longer duration. A megadrought in the American Southwest would impose unprecedented stress on the limited water resources of the area, making it critical to evaluate future risks not only under different climate change mitigation scenarios but also for different aspects of regional hydroclimate. We find that changes in the mean hydroclimate state, rather than its variability, determine megadrought risk in the American Southwest. Estimates of megadrought probabilities based on precipitation alone tend to underestimate risk. Furthermore, business-as-usual emissions of greenhouse gases will drive regional warming and drying, regardless of large precipitation uncertainties. We find that regional temperature increases alone push megadrought risk above 70, 90, or 99% by the end of the century, even if precipitation increases moderately, does not change, or decreases, respectively. Although each possibility is supported by some climate model simulations, the latter is the most common outcome for the American Southwest in Coupled Model Intercomparison 5 generation models. An aggressive reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions cuts megadrought risks nearly in half. AU - Ault, Toby R. AU - Mankin, Justin S. AU - Cook, Benjamin I. AU - Smerdon, Jason E. DO - 10.1126/sciadv.1600873 IS - 10 PY - 2016 SP - e1600873 ST - Relative impacts of mitigation, temperature, and precipitation on 21st-century megadrought risk in the American Southwest T2 - Science Advances TI - Relative impacts of mitigation, temperature, and precipitation on 21st-century megadrought risk in the American Southwest VL - 2 ID - 23659 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change may constrain future electricity supply adequacy by reducing electric transmission capacity and increasing electricity demand. The carrying capacity of electric power cables decreases as ambient air temperatures rise; similarly, during the summer peak period, electricity loads typically increase with hotter air temperatures due to increased air conditioning usage. As atmospheric carbon concentrations increase, higher ambient air temperatures may strain power infrastructure by simultaneously reducing transmission capacity and increasing peak electricity load. We estimate the impacts of rising ambient air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak per-capita electricity load for 121 planning areas in the United States using downscaled global climate model projections. Together, these planning areas account for roughly 80% of current peak summertime load. We estimate climate-attributable capacity reductions to transmission lines by constructing thermal models of representative conductors, then forcing these models with future temperature projections to determine the percent change in rated ampacity. Next, we assess the impact of climate change on electricity load by using historical relationships between ambient temperature and utility-scale summertime peak load to estimate the extent to which climate change will incur additional peak load increases. We find that by mid-century (2040–2060), increases in ambient air temperature may reduce average summertime transmission capacity by 1.9%–5.8% relative to the 1990–2010 reference period. At the same time, peak per-capita summertime loads may rise by 4.2%–15% on average due to increases in ambient air temperature. In the absence of energy efficiency gains, demand-side management programs and transmission infrastructure upgrades, these load increases have the potential to upset current assumptions about future electricity supply adequacy. AU - Bartos, Matthew AU - Chester, Mikhail AU - Johnson, Nathan AU - Gorman, Brandon AU - Eisenberg, Daniel AU - Linkov, Igor AU - Bates, Matthew DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/11/114008 IS - 11 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 114008 ST - Impacts of rising air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak electricity load in the United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Impacts of rising air temperatures on electric transmission ampacity and peak electricity load in the United States VL - 11 ID - 23662 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bennett, Amy C. AU - McDowell, Nathan G. AU - Allen, Craig D. AU - Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. DA - 09/28/online DO - 10.1038/nplants.2015.139 M3 - Letter PY - 2015 SP - 15139 ST - Larger trees suffer most during drought in forests worldwide T2 - Nature Plants TI - Larger trees suffer most during drought in forests worldwide VL - 1 ID - 23663 ER - TY - JOUR AB - High temperatures and severe drought contributed to extensive tree mortality from fires and bark beetles during the 2000s in parts of the western continental United States. Several states in this region have greenhouse gas (GHG) emission targets and would benefit from information on the amount of carbon stored in tree biomass killed by disturbance. We quantified mean annual tree mortality from fires, bark beetles, and timber harvest from 2003–2012 for each state in this region. We estimated tree mortality from fires and beetles using tree aboveground carbon (AGC) stock and disturbance data sets derived largely from remote sensing. We quantified tree mortality from harvest using data from US Forest Service reports. In both cases, we used Monte Carlo analyses to track uncertainty associated with parameter error and temporal variability. Regional tree mortality from harvest, beetles, and fires (MORT H+B+F ) together averaged 45.8 ± 16.0 Tg AGC yr −1 (±95% confidence interval), indicating a mortality rate of 1.10 ± 0.38% yr −1 . Harvest accounted for the largest percentage of MORT H+B+F (∼50%), followed by beetles (∼32%), and fires (∼18%). Tree mortality from harvest was concentrated in Washington and Oregon, where harvest accounted for ∼80% of MORT H+B+F in each state. Tree mortality from beetles occurred widely at low levels across the region, yet beetles had pronounced impacts in Colorado and Montana, where they accounted for ∼80% of MORT H+B+F . Tree mortality from fires was highest in California, though fires accounted for the largest percentage of MORT H+B+F in Arizona and New Mexico (∼50%). Drought and human activities shaped regional variation in tree mortality, highlighting opportunities and challenges to managing GHG emissions from forests. Rising temperatures and greater risk of drought will likely increase tree mortality from fires and bark beetles during coming decades in this region. Thus, sustained monitoring and mapping of tree mortality is necessary to inform forest and GHG management. AU - Berner, Logan T. AU - Law, Beverly E. AU - Meddens, Arjan J. H. AU - Hicke, Jeffrey A. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa6f94 IS - 6 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 065005 ST - Tree mortality from fires, bark beetles, and timber harvest during a hot and dry decade in the western United States (2003–2012) T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Tree mortality from fires, bark beetles, and timber harvest during a hot and dry decade in the western United States (2003–2012) VL - 12 ID - 23664 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Fire suppression in many dry forest types has left a legacy of dense, homogeneous forests. Such landscapes have high water demands and fuel loads, and when burned can result in catastrophically large fires. These characteristics are undesirable in the face of projected warming and drying in the western US. Alternative forest and fire treatments based on managed wildfire—a regime in which fires are allowed to burn naturally and only suppressed under defined management conditions—offer a potential strategy to ameliorate the effects of fire suppression. Understanding the long-term effects of this strategy on vegetation, water, and forest resilience is increasingly important as the use of managed wildfire becomes more widely accepted. The Illilouette Creek Basin in Yosemite National Park has experienced 40 years of managed wildfire, reducing forest cover by 22%, and increasing meadow areas by 200% and shrublands by 24%. Statistical upscaling of 3300 soil moisture observations made since 2013 suggests that large increases in wetness occurred in sites where fire caused transitions from forests to dense meadows. The runoff ratio (ratio of annual runoff to precipitation) from the basin appears to be increasing or stable since 1973, compared to declines in runoff ratio for nearby, unburned watersheds. Managed wildfire appears to increase landscape heterogeneity, and likely improves resilience to disturbances, such as fire and drought, although more detailed analysis of fire effects on basin-scale hydrology is needed. AU - Boisramé, Gabrielle AU - Thompson, Sally AU - Collins, Brandon AU - Stephens, Scott DA - June 01 DO - 10.1007/s10021-016-0048-1 IS - 4 M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1435-0629 SP - 717-732 ST - Managed wildfire effects on forest resilience and water in the Sierra Nevada T2 - Ecosystems TI - Managed wildfire effects on forest resilience and water in the Sierra Nevada VL - 20 ID - 23666 ER - TY - JOUR AB - While estimates of the impact of climate change on health are necessary for health care planners and climate change policy makers, models to produce quantitative estimates remain scarce. This study describes a freely available dynamic simulation model parameterized for three West Nile virus vectors, which provides an effective tool for studying vectorborne disease risk due to climate change. The Dynamic Mosquito Simulation Model is parameterized with species-specific temperature-dependent development and mortality rates. Using downscaled daily weather data, this study estimates mosquito population dynamics under current and projected future climate scenarios for multiple locations across the country. Trends in mosquito abundance were variable by location; however, an extension of the vector activity periods, and by extension disease risk, was almost uniformly observed. Importantly, midsummer decreases in abundance may be offset by shorter extrinsic incubation periods, resulting in a greater proportion of infective mosquitoes. Quantitative descriptions of the effect of temperature on the virus and mosquito are critical to developing models of future disease risk. AU - Brown, Heidi E. AU - Young, Alex AU - Lega, Joceline AU - Andreadis, Theodore G. AU - Schurich, Jessica AU - Comrie, Andrew DO - 10.1175/ei-d-15-0008.1 IS - 18 KW - Ecological models,Disease,Ecological models,Local effects PY - 2015 SP - 1-18 ST - Projection of climate change influences on U.S. West Nile virus vectors T2 - Earth Interactions TI - Projection of climate change influences on U.S. West Nile virus vectors VL - 19 ID - 23667 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Electricity from fossil fuels contributes substantially to both climate change and the health burden of air pollution. Renewable energy sources are capable of displacing electricity from fossil fuels, but the quantity of health and climate benefits depend on site-specific attributes that are not often included in quantitative models. Here, we link an electrical grid simulation model to an air pollution health impact assessment model and US regulatory estimates of the impacts of carbon to estimate the health and climate benefits of offshore wind facilities of different sizes in two different locations. We find that offshore wind in the Mid-Atlantic is capable of producing health and climate benefits of between $54 and $120 per MWh of generation, with the largest simulated facility (3000 MW off the coast of New Jersey) producing approximately $690 million in benefits in 2017. The variability in benefits per unit generation is a function of differences in locations (Maryland versus New Jersey), simulated years (2012 versus 2017), and facility generation capacity, given complexities of the electrical grid and differences in which power plants are offset. This work demonstrates health and climate benefits of offshore wind, provides further evidence of the utility of geographically-refined modeling frameworks, and yields quantitative insights that would allow for inclusion of both climate and public health in benefits assessments of renewable energy. AU - Buonocore, Jonathan J. AU - Luckow, Patrick AU - Fisher, Jeremy AU - Kempton, Willett AU - Levy, Jonathan I. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/7/074019 IS - 7 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 074019 ST - Health and climate benefits of offshore wind facilities in the Mid-Atlantic United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Health and climate benefits of offshore wind facilities in the Mid-Atlantic United States VL - 11 ID - 23668 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We tested whether the thecosome pteropod Limacina helicina from Puget Sound, an urbanized estuary in the northwest continental US, experiences shell dissolution and altered mortality rates when exposed to the high CO2, low aragonite saturation state (Ωa) conditions that occur in Puget Sound and the northeast Pacific Ocean. Five, week-long experiments were conducted in which we incubated pteropods collected from Puget Sound in four carbon chemistry conditions: current summer surface (∼460–500 µatm CO2, Ωa≈1.59), current deep water or surface conditions during upwelling (∼760 and ∼1600–1700 µatm CO2, Ωa≈1.17 and 0.56), and future deep water or surface conditions during upwelling (∼2800–3400 µatm CO2, Ωa≈0.28). We measured shell condition using a scoring regime of five shell characteristics that capture different aspects of shell dissolution. We characterized carbon chemistry conditions in statistical analyses with Ωa, and conducted analyses considering Ωa both as a continuous dataset and as discrete treatments. Shell dissolution increased linearly as aragonite saturation state decreased. Discrete treatment comparisons indicate that shell dissolution was greater in undersaturated treatments compared to oversaturated treatments. Survival increased linearly with aragonite saturation state, though discrete treatment comparisons indicated that survival was similar in all but the lowest saturation state treatment. These results indicate that, under starvation conditions, pteropod survival may not be greatly affected by current and expected near-future aragonite saturation state in the NE Pacific, but shell dissolution may. Given that subsurface waters in Puget Sound’s main basin are undersaturated with respect to aragonite in the winter and can be undersaturated in the summer, the condition and persistence of the species in this estuary warrants further study. AU - Busch, D. Shallin AU - Maher, Michael AU - Thibodeau, Patricia AU - McElhany, Paul DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0105884 IS - 8 PY - 2014 SP - e105884 ST - Shell condition and survival of Puget Sound pteropods are impaired by ocean acidification conditions T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Shell condition and survival of Puget Sound pteropods are impaired by ocean acidification conditions VL - 9 ID - 23669 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Calosi, Piero AU - Melatunan, Sedercor AU - Turner, Lucy M. AU - Artioli, Yuri AU - Davidson, Robert L. AU - Byrne, Jonathan J. AU - Viant, Mark R. AU - Widdicombe, Stephen AU - Rundle, Simon D. DA - 01/09/online DO - 10.1038/ncomms13994 M3 - Article PY - 2017 SP - 13994 ST - Regional adaptation defines sensitivity to future ocean acidification T2 - Nature Communications TI - Regional adaptation defines sensitivity to future ocean acidification VL - 8 ID - 23670 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The near-term progression of ocean acidification (OA) is projected to bring about sharp changes in the chemistry of coastal upwelling ecosystems. The distribution of OA exposure across these early-impact systems, however, is highly uncertain and limits our understanding of whether and how spatial management actions can be deployed to ameliorate future impacts. Through a novel coastal OA observing network, we have uncovered a remarkably persistent spatial mosaic in the penetration of acidified waters into ecologically-important nearshore habitats across 1,000 km of the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem. In the most severe exposure hotspots, suboptimal conditions for calcifying organisms encompassed up to 56% of the summer season, and were accompanied by some of the lowest and most variable pH environments known for the surface ocean. Persistent refuge areas were also found, highlighting new opportunities for local adaptation to address the global challenge of OA in productive coastal systems. AU - Chan, F. AU - Barth, J. A. AU - Blanchette, C. A. AU - Byrne, R. H. AU - Chavez, F. AU - Cheriton, O. AU - Feely, R. A. AU - Friederich, G. AU - Gaylord, B. AU - Gouhier, T. AU - Hacker, S. AU - Hill, T. AU - Hofmann, G. AU - McManus, M. A. AU - Menge, B. A. AU - Nielsen, K. J. AU - Russell, A. AU - Sanford, E. AU - Sevadjian, J. AU - Washburn, L. DA - 2017/05/31 DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-02777-y IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 2526 ST - Persistent spatial structuring of coastal ocean acidification in the California Current System T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Persistent spatial structuring of coastal ocean acidification in the California Current System VL - 7 ID - 23671 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Biodiversity elements with narrow niches and restricted distributions (i.e., ‘short range endemics,’ SREs) are particularly vulnerable to climate change. The New Mexico Ridge-nosed Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi obscurus, CWO), an SRE listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act within three sky islands of southwestern North America, is constrained at low elevation by drought and at high elevation by wildfire. We combined long-term recapture and molecular data with demographic and niche modeling to gauge its climate-driven status, distribution, and projected longevity. The largest population (Animas) is numerically constricted (N = 151), with few breeding adults (Nb = 24) and an elevated inbreeding coefficient (ΔF = 0.77; 100 years). Mean home range (0.07km2) is significantly smaller compared to other North American rattlesnakes, and movements are within, not among sky islands. Demographic values, when gauged against those displayed by other endangered/Red-Listed reptiles [e.g., Loggerhead Sea Turtle (Caretta caretta)], are either comparable or markedly lower. Survival rate differs significantly between genders (femaleQuercus kelloggii) as a traditional source of food and other values. Over centuries or millennia, Native Americans learned that they could enhance production of desired resources by regularly igniting low-intensity surface fires in stands of black oak. Although black oak is likely to remain widespread in the future, a warming climate, increasingly dense forests, and altered fire regimes threaten the large, full-crowned mature trees that produce crops of high-quality acorns and provide cavities for many wildlife species. To examine the effects of different kinds of burns on tribal values including associated plants, fungi, and wildlife of special cultural significance, we reviewed and synthesized scientific studies of black oak in conjunction with interviews and workshops with tribal members who use the species and recall burning by their ancestors. We conducted two exploratory analyses to understand trends in large black oaks and potential tradeoffs regarding black oak restoration. Our findings identify opportunities for reintroducing low-intensity fire, in conjunction with thinning, to restore stands that are favorable for acorn gathering. We present examples of such projects and discuss how to overcome challenges in restoring the socioecological benefits of black oak ecosystems for tribes.

Management and Policy Implications Wildfires and forest densification threaten the large California black oaks that produce acorns valued by tribes for food and social well-being. Tribal members identified desired conditions including large black oaks with full crowns and low branches that produce abundant acorns free from pests and a relatively open ground surface with diverse plant communities and edible fungi near the oak trees. Tribal knowledge of using frequent, low-intensity fires and other traditional tending and gathering practices can advance strategies for promoting these conditions. Active treatments that remove competing conifer trees, reduce fuels, and reintroduce low-intensity fire are needed to support tribal values associated with gathering acorns and other plant resources associated with black oak stands. Targeting stands with large black oaks in gently sloped areas close to roads would promote tribal access while reducing the likelihood of adversely affecting sensitive wildlife such as spotted owls and fishers. Forest management plans can build on recent efforts to work with tribes in developing monitoring, forest thinning, and fire management activities to promote black oaks. AU - Long, Jonathan W. AU - Goode, Ron W. AU - Gutteriez, Raymond J. AU - Lackey, Jessica J. AU - Anderson, M. Kat DA - // DO - 10.5849/jof.16-033 IS - 5 KW - cultural burning traditional ecological knowledge forest planning ecosystem services landscape restoration PY - 2017 SP - 426-434 ST - Managing California black oak for tribal ecocultural restoration T2 - Journal of Forestry TI - Managing California black oak for tribal ecocultural restoration VL - 115 ID - 23682 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Maher, Sean P. AU - Morelli, Toni Lyn AU - Hershey, Michelle AU - Flint, Alan L. AU - Flint, Lorraine E. AU - Moritz, Craig AU - Beissinger, Steven R. C7 - e01673 DO - 10.1002/ecs2.1673 IS - 4 KW - Circuitscape climate connectivity conservation dispersal meadows refugia PY - 2017 SN - 2150-8925 SP - e01673 ST - Erosion of refugia in the Sierra Nevada meadows network with climate change T2 - Ecosphere TI - Erosion of refugia in the Sierra Nevada meadows network with climate change VL - 8 ID - 23683 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The costly interactions between humans and wildfires throughout California demonstrate the need to understand the relationships between them, especially in the face of a changing climate and expanding human communities. Although a number of statistical and process-based wildfire models exist for California, there is enormous uncertainty about the location and number of future fires, with previously published estimates of increases ranging from nine to fifty-three percent by the end of the century. Our goal is to assess the role of climate and anthropogenic influences on the state’s fire regimes from 1975 to 2050. We develop an empirical model that integrates estimates of biophysical indicators relevant to plant communities and anthropogenic influences at each forecast time step. Historically, we find that anthropogenic influences account for up to fifty percent of explanatory power in the model. We also find that the total area burned is likely to increase, with burned area expected to increase by 2.2 and 5.0 percent by 2050 under climatic bookends (PCM and GFDL climate models, respectively). Our two climate models show considerable agreement, but due to potential shifts in rainfall patterns, substantial uncertainty remains for the semiarid inland deserts and coastal areas of the south. Given the strength of human-related variables in some regions, however, it is clear that comprehensive projections of future fire activity should include both anthropogenic and biophysical influences. Previous findings of substantially increased numbers of fires and burned area for California may be tied to omitted variable bias from the exclusion of human influences. The omission of anthropogenic variables in our model would overstate the importance of climatic ones by at least 24%. As such, the failure to include anthropogenic effects in many models likely overstates the response of wildfire to climatic change. AU - Mann, Michael L. AU - Batllori, Enric AU - Moritz, Max A. AU - Waller, Eric K. AU - Berck, Peter AU - Flint, Alan L. AU - Flint, Lorraine E. AU - Dolfi, Emmalee DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0153589 IS - 4 PY - 2016 SP - e0153589 ST - Incorporating anthropogenic influences into fire probability models: Effects of human activity and climate change on fire activity in California T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Incorporating anthropogenic influences into fire probability models: Effects of human activity and climate change on fire activity in California VL - 11 ID - 23684 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mazer, Susan J. AU - Gerst, Katharine L. AU - Matthews, Elizabeth R. AU - Evenden, Angela C7 - art98 DO - 10.1890/ES14-00433.1 IS - 6 KW - Baccharis pilularis California Phenology Project citizen science climate change Eriogonum fasciculatum first flowering date phenology phenological response phenophase Quercus lobata Sambucus nigra USA National Phenology Network PY - 2015 SN - 2150-8925 SP - 1-27 ST - Species-specific phenological responses to winter temperature and precipitation in a water-limited ecosystem T2 - Ecosphere TI - Species-specific phenological responses to winter temperature and precipitation in a water-limited ecosystem VL - 6 ID - 23685 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) is one of the primary sources of water for the western United States, and increasing temperatures likely will elevate the risk of reduced water supply in the basin. Although variability in water-year precipitation explains more of the variability in water-year UCRB streamflow than water-year UCRB temperature, since the late 1980s, increases in temperature in the UCRB have caused a substantial reduction in UCRB runoff efficiency (the ratio of streamflow to precipitation). These reductions in flow because of increasing temperatures are the largest documented temperature-related reductions since record keeping began. Increases in UCRB temperature over the past three decades have resulted in a mean UCRB water-year streamflow departure of −1306 million m3 (or −7% of mean water-year streamflow). Additionally, warm-season (April through September) temperature has had a larger effect on variability in water-year UCRB streamflow than the cool-season (October through March) temperature. The greater contribution of warm-season temperature, relative to cool-season temperature, to variability of UCRB flow suggests that evaporation or snowmelt, rather than changes from snow to rain during the cool season, has driven recent reductions in UCRB flow. It is expected that as warming continues, the negative effects of temperature on water-year UCRB streamflow will become more evident and problematic. AU - McCabe, Gregory J. AU - Wolock, David M. AU - Pederson, Gregory T. AU - Woodhouse, Connie A. AU - McAfee, Stephanie DO - 10.1175/ei-d-17-0007.1 IS - 10 KW - Hydrology,Hydrometeorology,Water budget,Climate variability PY - 2017 SP - 1-14 ST - Evidence that recent warming is reducing upper Colorado River flows T2 - Earth Interactions TI - Evidence that recent warming is reducing upper Colorado River flows VL - 21 ID - 23686 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McClatchie, S. AU - Goericke, R. AU - Cosgrove, R. AU - Auad, G. AU - Vetter, R. DO - 10.1029/2010GL044497 IS - 19 KW - oxygen climate southern California rockfish fisheries 0404 Anoxic and hypoxic environments 4271 Physical and chemical properties of seawater 4215 Climate and interannual variability PY - 2010 SN - 1944-8007 SP - L19602 ST - Oxygen in the Southern California Bight: Multidecadal trends and implications for demersal fisheries T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Oxygen in the Southern California Bight: Multidecadal trends and implications for demersal fisheries VL - 37 ID - 23687 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Southwestern United States has a greater vulnerability to climate change impacts on water security due to a reliance on snowmelt driven imported water. The State of California, which is the most populous and agriculturally productive in the United States, depends on an extensive artificial water storage and conveyance system primarily for irrigated agriculture, municipal and industrial supply and hydropower generation. Here we take an integrative high-resolution ensemble modeling approach to examine near term climate change impacts on all imported and local sources of water supply to Southern California. While annual precipitation is projected to remain the same or slightly increase, rising temperatures result in a shift towards more rainfall, reduced cold season snowpack and earlier snowmelt. Associated with these hydrological changes are substantial increases in the frequency and the intensity of both drier conditions and flooding events. The 50 year extreme daily maximum precipitation and runoff events are 1.5–6 times more likely to occur depending on the water supply basin. Simultaneously, a clear deficit in total annual runoff over mountainous snow generating regions like the Sierra Nevada is projected. On one hand, the greater probability of drought decreases imported water supply availability. On the other hand, earlier snowmelt and significantly stronger winter precipitation events pose increased flood risk requiring water releases from control reservoirs, which may potentially decrease water availability outside of the wet season. Lack of timely local water resource expansion coupled with projected climate changes and population increases may leave the area in extended periods of shortages. AU - Pagán, Brianna R. AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Kendall, Donald R. AU - Kao, Shih-Chieh AU - Naz, Bibi S. AU - Mei, Rui AU - Pal, Jeremy S. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/9/094026 IS - 9 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 094026 ST - Extreme hydrological changes in the southwestern US drive reductions in water supply to Southern California by mid century T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Extreme hydrological changes in the southwestern US drive reductions in water supply to Southern California by mid century VL - 11 ID - 23688 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Studies of multiple taxa across broad-scales suggest that species distributions are shifting poleward in response to global climate change. Recognizing the influence of distribution shifts on population indices will be an important part of interpreting trends within management units because current practice often assumes that changes in local populations reflect local habitat conditions. However, the individual- and population-level processes that drive distribution shifts may occur across a large, regional scale and have little to do with the habitats within the management unit. We examined the latitudinal center of abundance for the winter distributions of six western North America raptor species using Christmas Bird Counts from 1975–2011. Also, we considered whether population indices within western North America Bird Conservation Regions (BCRs) were explained by distribution shifts. All six raptors had significant poleward shifts in their wintering distributions over time. Rough-legged Hawks (Buteo lagopus) and Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) showed the fastest rate of change, with 8.41 km yr−1 and 7.74 km yr−1 shifts, respectively. Raptors may be particularly responsive to warming winters because of variable migration tendencies, intraspecific competition for nesting sites that drives males to winter farther north, or both. Overall, 40% of BCR population trend models were improved by incorporating information about wintering distributions; however, support for the effect of distribution on BCR indices varied by species with Rough-legged Hawks showing the most evidence. These results emphasize the importance of understanding how regional distribution shifts influence local-scale population indices. If global climate change is altering distribution patterns, then trends within some management units may not reflect changes in local habitat conditions. The methods used to monitor and manage bird populations within local BCRs will fundamentally change as species experience changes in distribution in response to climate change. AU - Paprocki, Neil AU - Heath, Julie A. AU - Novak, Stephen J. DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0086814 IS - 1 PY - 2014 SP - e86814 ST - Regional distribution shifts help explain local changes in wintering raptor abundance: Implications for interpreting population trends T2 - PLOS ONE TI - Regional distribution shifts help explain local changes in wintering raptor abundance: Implications for interpreting population trends VL - 9 ID - 23689 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of global climate change on infectious disease remains hotly debated because multiple extrinsic and intrinsic drivers interact to influence transmission dynamics in nonlinear ways. The dominant drivers of widespread pathogens, like West Nile virus, can be challenging to identify due to regional variability in vector and host ecology, with past studies producing disparate findings. Here, we used analyses at national and state scales to examine a suite of climatic and intrinsic drivers of continental-scale West Nile virus epidemics, including an empirically derived mechanistic relationship between temperature and transmission potential that accounts for spatial variability in vectors. We found that drought was the primary climatic driver of increased West Nile virus epidemics, rather than within-season or winter temperatures, or precipitation independently. Local-scale data from one region suggested drought increased epidemics via changes in mosquito infection prevalence rather than mosquito abundance. In addition, human acquired immunity following regional epidemics limited subsequent transmission in many states. We show that over the next 30 years, increased drought severity from climate change could triple West Nile virus cases, but only in regions with low human immunity. These results illustrate how changes in drought severity can alter the transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. AU - Paull, Sara H. AU - Horton, Daniel E. AU - Ashfaq, Moetasim AU - Rastogi, Deeksha AU - Kramer, Laura D. AU - Diffenbaugh, Noah S. AU - Kilpatrick, A. Marm DO - 10.1098/rspb.2016.2078 IS - 1848 PY - 2017 ST - Drought and immunity determine the intensity of West Nile virus epidemics and climate change impacts T2 - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences TI - Drought and immunity determine the intensity of West Nile virus epidemics and climate change impacts VL - 284 ID - 23690 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate models project rising drought risks over the southwestern and central U.S. in the twenty-first century due to increasing greenhouse gases. The projected drier regions largely overlay the major dust sources in the United States. However, whether dust activity in U.S. will increase in the future is not clear, due to the large uncertainty in dust modeling. This study found that changes of dust activity in the U.S. in the recent decade are largely associated with the variations of precipitation, soil bareness, and surface winds speed. Using multi-model output under the Representative Concentration Pathways 8.5 scenario, we project that climate change will increase dust activity in the southern Great Plains from spring to fall in the late half of the twenty-first century – largely due to reduced precipitation, enhanced land surface bareness, and increased surface wind speed. Over the northern Great Plains, less dusty days are expected in spring due to increased precipitation and reduced bareness. Given the large negative economic and societal consequences of severe dust storms, this study complements the multi-model projection on future dust variations and may help improve risk management and resource planning. AU - Pu, Bing AU - Ginoux, Paul DA - 2017/07/17 DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-05431-9 IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 5553 ST - Projection of American dustiness in the late 21st century due to climate change T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Projection of American dustiness in the late 21st century due to climate change VL - 7 ID - 23691 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Redmond, Miranda D. AU - Forcella, Frank AU - Barger, Nichole N. C7 - art120 DO - 10.1890/ES12-00306.1 IS - 12 KW - climate change mast seeding Pinus edulis pinyon-juniper woodlands regeneration reproduction PY - 2012 SN - 2150-8925 SP - 1-14 ST - Declines in pinyon pine cone production associated with regional warming T2 - Ecosphere TI - Declines in pinyon pine cone production associated with regional warming VL - 3 ID - 23693 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Redmond, Miranda D. AU - Kelsey, Katharine C. AU - Urza, Alexandra K. AU - Barger, Nichole N. C7 - e01681 DO - 10.1002/ecs2.1681 IS - 3 KW - climate change climate–growth responses climatic water deficit dendrochronology elevation pinyon pine plant population and community dynamics semi-arid woodland soil properties tree growth PY - 2017 SN - 2150-8925 SP - e01681 ST - Interacting effects of climate and landscape physiography on piñon pine growth using an individual-based approach T2 - Ecosphere TI - Interacting effects of climate and landscape physiography on piñon pine growth using an individual-based approach VL - 8 ID - 23694 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rochlin, Ilia AU - Faraji, Ary AU - Ninivaggi, Dominick V. AU - Barker, Christopher M. AU - Kilpatrick, A. Marm DA - 12/06/online DO - 10.1038/ncomms13604 M3 - Article PY - 2016 SP - 13604 ST - Anthropogenic impacts on mosquito populations in North America over the past century T2 - Nature Communications TI - Anthropogenic impacts on mosquito populations in North America over the past century VL - 7 ID - 23695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stephens, Scott L. AU - Miller, Jay D. AU - Collins, Brandon M. AU - North, Malcolm P. AU - Keane, John J. AU - Roberts, Susan L. C7 - e01478 DO - 10.1002/ecs2.1478 IS - 11 KW - coarse filter conservation fine–filter Jeffrey pine mixed conifer forests ponderosa pine prescribed fire restoration wildfire PY - 2016 SN - 2150-8925 SP - e01478 ST - Wildfire impacts on California spotted owl nesting habitat in the Sierra Nevada T2 - Ecosphere TI - Wildfire impacts on California spotted owl nesting habitat in the Sierra Nevada VL - 7 ID - 23697 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Toyofuku, Takashi AU - Matsuo, Miki Y. AU - de Nooijer, Lennart Jan AU - Nagai, Yukiko AU - Kawada, Sachiko AU - Fujita, Kazuhiko AU - Reichart, Gert-Jan AU - Nomaki, Hidetaka AU - Tsuchiya, Masashi AU - Sakaguchi, Hide AU - Kitazato, Hiroshi DA - 01/27/online DO - 10.1038/ncomms14145 M3 - Article PY - 2017 SP - 14145 ST - Proton pumping accompanies calcification in foraminifera T2 - Nature Communications TI - Proton pumping accompanies calcification in foraminifera VL - 8 ID - 23700 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The climate warming effects of accelerated urbanization along with projected global climate change raise an urgent need for sustainable mitigation and adaptation strategies to cool urban climates. Our modeling results show that historical urbanization in the Los Angeles and San Diego metropolitan areas has increased daytime urban air temperature by 1.3 °C, in part due to a weakening of the onshore sea breeze circulation. We find that metropolis-wide adoption of cool roofs can meaningfully offset this daytime warming, reducing temperatures by 0.9 °C relative to a case without cool roofs. Residential cool roofs were responsible for 67% of the cooling. Nocturnal temperature increases of 3.1 °C from urbanization were larger than daytime warming, while nocturnal temperature reductions from cool roofs of 0.5 °C were weaker than corresponding daytime reductions. We further show that cool roof deployment could partially counter the local impacts of global climate change in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Assuming a scenario in which there are dramatic decreases in greenhouse gas emissions in the 21st century (RCP2.6), mid- and end-of-century temperature increases from global change relative to current climate are similarly reduced by cool roofs from 1.4 °C to 0.6 °C. Assuming a scenario with continued emissions increases throughout the century (RCP8.5), mid-century warming is significantly reduced by cool roofs from 2.0 °C to 1.0 °C. The end-century warming, however, is significantly offset only in small localized areas containing mostly industrial/commercial buildings where cool roofs with the highest albedo are adopted. We conclude that metropolis-wide adoption of cool roofs can play an important role in mitigating the urban heat island effect, and offsetting near-term local warming from global climate change. Global-scale reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are the only way of avoiding long-term warming, however. We further suggest that both climate mitigation and adaptation can be pursued simultaneously using ‘cool photovoltaics’. AU - Vahmani, P. AU - Sun, F. AU - Hall, A. AU - Ban-Weiss, G. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/11/12/124027 IS - 12 PY - 2016 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 124027 ST - Investigating the climate impacts of urbanization and the potential for cool roofs to counter future climate change in Southern California T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Investigating the climate impacts of urbanization and the potential for cool roofs to counter future climate change in Southern California VL - 11 ID - 23701 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A climate driven, water resource systems model of the southwestern US was used to explore the implications of growth, extended drought, and climate warming on the allocation of water among competing uses. The analysis focused on the water benefits from alternative thermoelectric generation mixes, but included other uses, namely irrigated agriculture, municipal indoor and outdoor use, and environmental and inter-state compact requirements. The model, referred to as WEAP-SW, was developed on the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) platform, and is scenario-based and forward projecting from 2008 to 2050. The scenario includes a southwest population that grows from about 55 million to more than 100 million, a prolonged dry period, and a long-term warming trend of 2 ° C by mid-century. In addition, the scenario assumes that water allocation under shortage conditions would prioritize thermoelectric, environmental, and inter-state compacts by shorting first irrigated agriculture, then municipal demands. We show that while thermoelectric cooling water consumption is relatively small compared with other uses, the physical realities and the legal and institutional structures of water use in the region mean that relatively small differences in regional water use across different electricity mix scenarios correspond with more substantial impacts on individual basins and water use sectors. At a region-wide level, these choices influence the buffer against further water stress afforded the region through its generous storage capacity in reservoirs. AU - Yates, D. AU - Meldrum, J. AU - Averyt, K. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045005 IS - 4 PY - 2013 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 045005 ST - The influence of future electricity mix alternatives on southwestern US water resources T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - The influence of future electricity mix alternatives on southwestern US water resources VL - 8 ID - 23704 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) 2015-2030 is the first of three United Nations (UN) landmark agreements this year (the other two being the Sustainable Development Goals due in September 2015 and the climate change agreements due in December 2015). It represents a step in the direction of global policy coherence with explicit reference to health, economic development, and climate change. The multiple efforts of the health community in the policy development process, including campaigning for safe schools and hospitals, helped to put people’s mental and physical health, resilience, and well-being higher up the DRR agenda compared with its predecessor, the 2005 Hyogo Framework for Action. This report reflects on these policy developments and their implications and reviews the range of health impacts from disasters; summarizes the widened remit of DRR in the post-2015 world; and finally, presents the science and health calls of the Sendai Framework to be implemented over the next 15 years to reduce disaster losses in lives and livelihoods. Aitsi-Selmi A , Murray V . Protecting the Health and Well-being of Populations from Disasters: Health and Health Care in The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2016;31(1):74–78. AU - Aitsi-Selmi, Amina AU - Murray, Virginia DB - Cambridge Core DO - 10.1017/S1049023X15005531 DP - Cambridge University Press ET - 12/17 IS - 1 KW - disaster disaster risk reduction emergency response global health policy public health PY - 2015 SN - 1049-023X SP - 74-78 ST - Protecting the health and well-being of populations from disasters: Health and health care in the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015-2030 T2 - Prehospital and Disaster Medicine TI - Protecting the health and well-being of populations from disasters: Health and health care in the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015-2030 VL - 31 ID - 23705 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Alkon, Alison Hope AU - Agyeman, Julian CY - Cambridge, MA PB - MIT Press PY - 2011 SN - 9780262516327 SP - 408 ST - Cultivating Food Justice: Race, Class, and Sustainability TI - Cultivating Food Justice: Race, Class, and Sustainability ID - 23707 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, Larry S. DA - 2006/06/01/ DO - 10.2111/1551-501X(2006)28[17:CITBTM]2.0.CO;2 IS - 3 PY - 2006 SN - 0190-0528 SP - 17-21 ST - Collaboration in the Borderlands: The Malpai Borderlands Group T2 - Rangelands TI - Collaboration in the Borderlands: The Malpai Borderlands Group VL - 28 ID - 23708 ER - TY - RPRT AU - ABC CY - Modesto, CA PB - Almond Board of California (ABC) PY - 2016 SP - 41 ST - Almond Almanac 2016: Annual Report TI - Almond Almanac 2016: Annual Report UR - http://www.almonds.com/sites/default/files/2016_almond_almanac.pdf ID - 23709 ER - TY - WEB AU - ASCE CY - Reston, VA PB - American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) PY - 2017 ST - 2017 Infrastructure Report Card TI - 2017 Infrastructure Report Card UR - https://www.infrastructurereportcard.org/ ID - 23710 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Anderson, Dean M. AU - Estell, Rick E. AU - Gonzalez, Alfredo L. AU - Cibils, Andres F. AU - Torell, L. Allen DA - 2015/04/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.rala.2015.01.006 IS - 2 KW - livestock dry lands foraging Mexican cattle PY - 2015 SN - 0190-0528 SP - 62-67 ST - Criollo cattle: Heritage genetics for arid landscapes T2 - Rangelands TI - Criollo cattle: Heritage genetics for arid landscapes VL - 37 ID - 23711 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Arizona Department of Health Services CY - Phoenix, AZ PB - Arizona Department of Health Services PY - 2014 SP - 40 ST - Heat Emergency Response Plan TI - Heat Emergency Response Plan UR - http://www.azdhs.gov/documents/preparedness/epidemiology-disease-control/extreme-weather/heat/heat-emergency-response-plan.pdf ID - 23712 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Context:Sports medicine providers frequently return athletes to play after sports-related injuries and conditions. Many of these conditions have guidelines or medical evidence to guide the decision-making process. Occasionally, however, sports medicine providers are challenged with complex medical conditions for which there is little evidence-based guidance and physicians are instructed to individualize treatment; included in this group of conditions are exertional heat stroke (EHS), exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER), and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait (ECAST).Evidence Acquisition:The MEDLINE (2000-2015) database was searched using the following search terms: exertional heat stroke, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait. References from consensus statements, review articles, and book chapters were also utilized.Study Design:Clinical review.Level of Evidence:Level 4.Results:These entities are unique in that they may cause organ system damage capable of leading to short- or long-term detriments to physical activity and may not lend to complete recovery, potentially putting the athlete at risk with premature return to play.Conclusion:With a better understanding of the pathophysiology of EHS, ER, and ECAST and the factors associated with recovery, better decisions regarding return to play may be made. AU - Asplund, Chad A. AU - O’Connor, Francis G. DO - 10.1177/1941738115617453 IS - 2 KW - return to play,heat illness,rhabdomyolysis,sickle cell trait PY - 2016 SP - 117-125 ST - Challenging return to play decisions: Heat stroke, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait T2 - Sports Health TI - Challenging return to play decisions: Heat stroke, exertional rhabdomyolysis, and exertional collapse associated with sickle cell trait VL - 8 ID - 23713 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Projected changes in global rainfall patterns will likely alter water supplies and ecosystems in semiarid regions during the coming century. Instrumental and paleoclimate data indicate that natural hydroclimate fluctuations tend to be more energetic at low (multidecadal to multicentury) than at high (interannual) frequencies. State-of-the-art global climate models do not capture this characteristic of hydroclimate variability, suggesting that the models underestimate the risk of future persistent droughts. Methods are developed here for assessing the risk of such events in the coming century using climate model projections as well as observational (paleoclimate) information. Where instrumental and paleoclimate data are reliable, these methods may provide a more complete view of prolonged drought risk. In the U.S. Southwest, for instance, state-of-the-art climate model projections suggest the risk of a decade-scale megadrought in the coming century is less than 50%; the analysis herein suggests that the risk is at least 80%, and may be higher than 90% in certain areas. The likelihood of longer-lived events (>35 yr) is between 20% and 50%, and the risk of an unprecedented 50-yr megadrought is nonnegligible under the most severe warming scenario (5%–10%). These findings are important to consider as adaptation and mitigation strategies are developed to cope with regional impacts of climate change, where population growth is high and multidecadal megadrought—worse than anything seen during the last 2000 years—would pose unprecedented challenges to water resources in the region. AU - Ault, Toby R. AU - Cole, Julia E. AU - Overpeck, Jonathan T. AU - Pederson, Gregory T. AU - Meko, David M. DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00282.1 IS - 20 KW - Drought,Paleoclimate,Risk assessment,General circulation models,Climate variability PY - 2014 SP - 7529-7549 ST - Assessing the risk of persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Assessing the risk of persistent drought using climate model simulations and paleoclimate data VL - 27 ID - 23714 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ayers, Jessica AU - Ficklin, Darren L. AU - Stewart, Iris T. AU - Strunk, Meredith DO - 10.1002/joc.4594 IS - 11 KW - CMIP3 CMIP5 SWAT Colorado River snowmelt climate change PY - 2016 SN - 1097-0088 SP - 3807-3818 ST - Comparison of CMIP3 and CMIP5 projected hydrologic conditions over the upper Colorado River basin T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Comparison of CMIP3 and CMIP5 projected hydrologic conditions over the upper Colorado River basin VL - 36 ID - 23715 ER - TY - JOUR AB - While it has been recognized that actions reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can have significant positive and negative impacts on human health through reductions in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations, these impacts are rarely taken into account when analyzing specific policies. This study presents a new framework for estimating the change in health outcomes resulting from implementation of specific carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction activities, allowing comparison of different sectors and options for climate mitigation activities. Our estimates suggest that in the year 2020, the reductions in adverse health outcomes from lessened exposure to PM2.5 would yield economic benefits in the range of $6 to $30 billion (in 2008 USD), depending on the specific activity. This equates to between $40 and $198 per metric ton of CO2 in health benefits. Specific climate interventions will vary in the health co-benefits they provide as well as in potential harms that may result from their implementation. Rigorous assessment of these health impacts is essential for guiding policy decisions as efforts to reduce GHG emissions increase in scope and intensity. AU - Balbus, John M. AU - Greenblatt, Jeffery B. AU - Chari, Ramya AU - Millstein, Dev AU - Ebi, Kristie L. DA - November 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-014-1262-5 IS - 2 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 199-210 ST - A wedge-based approach to estimating health co-benefits of climate change mitigation activities in the United States T2 - Climatic Change TI - A wedge-based approach to estimating health co-benefits of climate change mitigation activities in the United States VL - 127 ID - 23716 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Balch, Jennifer K. AU - Bradley, Bethany A. AU - D'Antonio, Carla M. AU - Gómez-Dans, José DO - 10.1111/gcb.12046 IS - 1 KW - Bromus tectorum exotic grasses fire frequency grass-fire cycle invasive species MODIS burned-area product satellite-based fire data PY - 2013 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 173-183 ST - Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA (1980–2009) T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Introduced annual grass increases regional fire activity across the arid western USA (1980–2009) VL - 19 ID - 23717 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barbose, Galen AU - Wiser, Ryan AU - Heeter, Jenny AU - Mai, Trieu AU - Bird, Lori AU - Bolinger, Mark AU - Carpenter, Alberta AU - Heath, Garvin AU - Keyser, David AU - Macknick, Jordan AU - Mills, Andrew AU - Millstein, Dev DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.enpol.2016.06.035 KW - Renewable energy RPS Renewable portfolio standard Greenhouse gas, air pollution, water use PY - 2016 SN - 0301-4215 SP - 645-660 ST - A retrospective analysis of benefits and impacts of U.S. renewable portfolio standards T2 - Energy Policy TI - A retrospective analysis of benefits and impacts of U.S. renewable portfolio standards VL - 96 ID - 23718 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barrows, C. W. DA - 2011/07/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2011.01.018 IS - 7 KW - Chuckwalla Climate change Desert tortoise Joshua Tree National Park Mahalanobis Mojave Desert Niche modeling Sonoran Desert PY - 2011 SN - 0140-1963 SP - 629-635 ST - Sensitivity to climate change for two reptiles at the Mojave–Sonoran Desert interface T2 - Journal of Arid Environments TI - Sensitivity to climate change for two reptiles at the Mojave–Sonoran Desert interface VL - 75 ID - 23719 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Barrows, Cameron W. AU - Murphy-Mariscal, Michelle L. DA - 2012/08/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.028 KW - Niche model Invasive species Joshua Tree National Park Mahalanobis D Scale PY - 2012 SN - 0006-3207 SP - 29-36 ST - Modeling impacts of climate change on Joshua trees at their southern boundary: How scale impacts predictions T2 - Biological Conservation TI - Modeling impacts of climate change on Joshua trees at their southern boundary: How scale impacts predictions VL - 152 ID - 23720 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bartos, Matthew D. AU - Chester, Mikhail V. DA - 05/18/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2648 IS - 8 PY - 2015 SP - 748-752 ST - Impacts of climate change on electric power supply in the western United States T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Impacts of climate change on electric power supply in the western United States VL - 5 ID - 23721 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bauer, William J., Jr. C4 - 6408aad9-0e73-4bfe-aaf7-95d8e1c105d8 CY - Seattle, WA PB - University of Washington Press PY - 2016 SN - 9780295998350 SP - 184 ST - California through Native Eyes: Reclaiming History TI - California through Native Eyes: Reclaiming History ID - 23722 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BackgroundExertional heat illness (EHI) affects military personnel, athletes and occupational groups such as agricultural workers, despite knowledge of preventive measures.AimsTo evaluate EHI diagnoses during US Army basic training and its associations with fitness and body fat on entering military service.MethodsFrom February 2005 to September 2006, US Army recruits at six different military entrance stations took a pre-accession fitness test, including a 5-min step test scored as pass or fail. Subsequent EHI incidence and incidence rate ratios were analysed with reference to subjects’ fitness (step test performance) and whether they met (weight qualified [WQ]) or exceeded body fat (EBF) standards.ResultsAmong the 8621 WQ and 834 EBF male subjects, there were 67 incidents of EHI within 180 days of entering military service. Among WQ subjects, step test failure was significantly associated with EHI (odds ratio [OR] 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13, 3.53). For those passing the step test, the risk of EHI was significantly higher in EBF than in WQ subjects (OR 3.98, 95% CI 2.17, 7.29). Expected ORs for the joint effects of step test failure and EBF classification under additive and multiplicative models were 4.98 and 7.96, respectively. There were too few women to evaluate their data in detail.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that fitness and body fat are independently associated with incident EHI, and the effect of both was substantially higher. Those with low fitness levels and/or obesity should be evaluated further before engaging in intense physical activity, especially in warmer months. AU - Bedno, S. A. AU - Urban, N. AU - Boivin, M. R. AU - Cowan, D. N. DO - 10.1093/occmed/kqu062 IS - 6 N1 - 10.1093/occmed/kqu062 PY - 2014 SN - 0962-7480 SP - 461-467 ST - Fitness, obesity and risk of heat illness among army trainees T2 - Occupational Medicine TI - Fitness, obesity and risk of heat illness among army trainees VL - 64 ID - 23723 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Although biotic responses to contemporary climate change are spatially pervasive and often reflect synergies between climate and other ecological disturbances, the relative importance of climatic factors versus habitat extent for species persistence remains poorly understood. To address this shortcoming, we performed surveys for American pikas (Ochotona princeps) at > 910 locations in 3 geographic regions of western North America during 2014 and 2015, complementing earlier modern (1994–2013) and historical (1898–1990) surveys. We sought to compare extirpation rates and the relative importance of climatic factors versus habitat area for pikas in a mainland-versus-islands framework. In each region, we found widespread evidence of distributional loss—local extirpations, upslope retractions, and encounter of only old sign. Locally comprehensive surveys suggest extirpation of O. princeps from 5 of 9 new sites from the hydrographic Great Basin and from 11 of 29 sites in northeastern California. Although American pikas were recorded as recently as 2011 in Zion National Park and in 2012 from Cedar Breaks National Monument in Utah, O. princeps now appears extirpated from all reported localities in both park units. Multiple logistic regressions for each region suggested that both temperature-related and water-balance-related variables estimated from DAYMET strongly explained pika persistence at sites in the Great Basin and in Utah but not in the Sierra-Cascade “mainland” portion of northeastern California. Conversely, talus-habitat area did not predict American pika persistence in the Great Basin or Utah but strongly predicted persistence in the Sierra-Cascade mainland. These results not only add new areas to our understanding of long-term trend of the American pika’s distribution, but also can inform decisions regarding allocation of conservation effort and management actions. Burgeoning research on species such as O. princeps has collectively demonstrated the heterogeneity and nuance with which climate can act on the distribution of mountain-dwelling mammals.Aunque las respuestas bióticas al cambio climático contemporáneo son espacialmente generalizadas y frecuentemente reflejan sinergias entre el clima y otros disturbios ecológicos, la importancia relativa de factores climáticos frente al área de hábitat para el mantenimiento de especies sigue siendo poco conocida. Para subsanar esta deficiencia, realizamos muestreos de la pika Americana (Ochotona princeps) en más de 910 sitios en 3 regiones geográficas del oeste de Norteamérica durante 2014 y 2015, complementando muestreos realizados en tiempos recientes (1994–2013) e históricos (1898–1990). Comparamos las tasas de extirpación para dilucidar la importancia relativa de los factores climáticos con respeto al área del hábitat disponible de las pikas bajo un marco conceptual de áreas continentales frente a zonas aisladas. En cada región, encontramos amplia evidencia en la pérdida de área de distribución - extinciones locales, desapariciones de las zonas bajas, y encuentro sólo de evidencia de ocupación pasada. Estudios localmente exhaustivos sugieren la extirpación de O. princeps en 5 de las 9 localidades nuevas muestreadas de la Gran Cuenca Hidrográfica (Great Basin), y en 11 de las 29 localidades en el noreste de California. Aunque las pikas todavía se encontraban en fechas recientes como en 2011 en el Parque Nacional Zion y en el Monumento Nacional Cedar Breaks en Utah en 2012, O. princeps ahora parece extirpada de todas las localidades donde fue encontrada anteriormente en ambos parques. Regresiones logísticas múltiples para cada región basados en factores ambientales como la temperatura y los factores relacionados con el balance del agua (ambos estimados por el DAYMET) explicaron claramente el patrón de persistencia de la pika en localidades de la Gran Cuenca y en Utah, pero no en el noreste de California, en el área “continental” de la montañas de Sierra Nevada y Cascades. Por el contrario, el hábitat de talud no p edijo la persistencia de la pika en los sitios aislados en la Gran Cuenca y en Utah, pero lo predijo significativamente en el área continental (i.e., en las montañas de Sierra Nevada y Cascades). Estos resultados incrementan el conocimiento sobre la distribución histórica y la tendencia a largo plazo de la pika Americana. Este conocimiento también puede ayudar en la toma de decisiones sobre las prioridades en las acciones en conservación y manejo. El avance en conjunto en investigaciones de especies como O. princeps ha demostrado la heterogeneidad y la forma con que el clima actúa de diferente manera sobre la distribución de los mamíferos de montaña. AU - Beever, Erik A. AU - Perrine, John D. AU - Rickman, Tom AU - Flores, Mary AU - Clark, John P. AU - Waters, Cassie AU - Weber, Shana S. AU - Yardley, Braden AU - Thoma, David AU - Chesley-Preston, Tara AU - Goehring, Kenneth E. AU - Magnuson, Michael AU - Nordensten, Nancy AU - Nelson, Melissa AU - Collins, Gail H. DO - 10.1093/jmammal/gyw128 IS - 6 N1 - 10.1093/jmammal/gyw128 PY - 2016 SN - 0022-2372 SP - 1495-1511 ST - Pika (Ochotona princeps) losses from two isolated regions reflect temperature and water balance, but reflect habitat area in a mainland region T2 - Journal of Mammalogy TI - Pika (Ochotona princeps) losses from two isolated regions reflect temperature and water balance, but reflect habitat area in a mainland region VL - 97 ID - 23724 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Belova, Anna AU - Mills, David AU - Hall, Ronald AU - Juliana, Alexis St. AU - Crimmins, Allison AU - Barker, Chris AU - Jones, Russell DO - 10.4236/ajcc.2017.61010 IS - 1 PY - 2017 SP - 75278 ST - Impacts of increasing temperature on the future incidence of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in the United States T2 - American Journal of Climate Change TI - Impacts of increasing temperature on the future incidence of West Nile neuroinvasive disease in the United States VL - 6 ID - 23725 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berg, Neil AU - Hall, Alex DO - 10.1002/2016GL072104 IS - 5 KW - drought snowpack warming water resources Sierra Nevada 1637 Regional climate change PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 2511-2518 ST - Anthropogenic warming impacts on California snowpack during drought T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Anthropogenic warming impacts on California snowpack during drought VL - 44 ID - 23726 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brand, L. Arriana AU - Farnsworth, Matthew L. AU - Meyers, Jay AU - Dickson, Brett G. AU - Grouios, Christopher AU - Scheib, Amanda F. AU - Scherer, Rick D. DA - 2016/08/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.032 KW - Utility-scale solar development Desert tortoise () Renewable energy Thermoregulation Mitigation-driven translocation Mojave Desert PY - 2016 SN - 0006-3207 SP - 104-111 ST - Mitigation-driven translocation effects on temperature, condition, growth, and mortality of Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in the face of solar energy development T2 - Biological Conservation TI - Mitigation-driven translocation effects on temperature, condition, growth, and mortality of Mojave desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in the face of solar energy development VL - 200 ID - 23728 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Breshears, David D. AU - Knapp, Alan K. AU - Law, Darin J. AU - Smith, Melinda D. AU - Twidwell, Dirac AU - Wonkka, Carissa L. DA - 2016/08/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.rala.2016.06.009 IS - 4 KW - drought state and transition grassland shrubland woodland savanna PY - 2016 SN - 0190-0528 SP - 191-196 ST - Rangeland responses to predicted increases in drought extremity T2 - Rangelands TI - Rangeland responses to predicted increases in drought extremity VL - 38 ID - 23729 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The longest available hourly tide gauge record along the West Coast (U.S.) at San Francisco yields meteorologically forced nontide residuals (NTR), providing an estimate of the variation in “storminess” from 1858 to 2000. Mean monthly positive NTR (associated with low sea level pressure) show no substantial change along the central California coast since 1858 or over the last 50 years. However, in contrast, the highest 2% of extreme winter NTR levels exhibit a significant increasing trend since about 1950. Extreme winter NTR also show pronounced quasi-periodic decadal-scale variability that is relatively consistent over the last 140 years. Atmospheric sea level pressure anomalies (associated with years having high winter NTR) take the form of a distinct, large-scale atmospheric circulation pattern, with intense storminess associated with a broad, southeasterly displaced, deep Aleutian low that directs storm tracks toward the California coast. AU - Bromirski, Peter D. AU - Flick, Reinhard E. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DO - 10.1175/1520-0442(2003)016<0982:svatcc>2.0.co;2 IS - 6 PY - 2003 SP - 982-993 ST - Storminess variability along the California coast: 1858–2000 T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Storminess variability along the California coast: 1858–2000 VL - 16 ID - 23730 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brookhart, M. Alan AU - Hubbard, Alan E. AU - van der Laan, Mark J. AU - Colford, John M. AU - Eisenberg, Joseph N. S. DO - 10.1002/sim.1258 IS - 23 KW - mathematical model profile likelihood disease transmission Cryptosporidium outbreak PY - 2002 SN - 1097-0258 SP - 3627-3638 ST - Statistical estimation of parameters in a disease transmission model: Analysis of a Cryptosporidium outbreak T2 - Statistics in Medicine TI - Statistical estimation of parameters in a disease transmission model: Analysis of a Cryptosporidium outbreak VL - 21 ID - 23731 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brouillard, Brent M. AU - Dickenson, Eric R. V. AU - Mikkelson, Kristin M. AU - Sharp, Jonathan O. DA - 2016/12/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.106 KW - Total organic carbon Disinfection byproducts Tree mortality Bark beetle infestation Hydrologic drivers PY - 2016 SN - 0048-9697 SP - 649-659 ST - Water quality following extensive beetle-induced tree mortality: Interplay of aromatic carbon loading, disinfection byproducts, and hydrologic drivers T2 - Science of the Total Environment TI - Water quality following extensive beetle-induced tree mortality: Interplay of aromatic carbon loading, disinfection byproducts, and hydrologic drivers VL - 572 ID - 23732 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brusca, Richard C. AU - Wiens, John F. AU - Meyer, Wallace M. AU - Eble, Jeff AU - Franklin, Kim AU - Overpeck, Jonathan T. AU - Moore, Wendy DO - 10.1002/ece3.720 IS - 10 KW - climate change elevational shifts montane plants Southwest PY - 2013 SN - 2045-7758 SP - 3307-3319 ST - Dramatic response to climate change in the Southwest: Robert Whittaker's 1963 Arizona Mountain plant transect revisited T2 - Ecology and Evolution TI - Dramatic response to climate change in the Southwest: Robert Whittaker's 1963 Arizona Mountain plant transect revisited VL - 3 ID - 23733 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bucci, Monica AU - Marques, Sara Silvério AU - Oh, Debora AU - Harris, Nadine Burke DO - 10.1016/j.yapd.2016.04.002 IS - 1 PY - 2016 SN - 0065-3101 SP - 403-428 ST - Toxic stress in children and adolescents T2 - Advances in Pediatrics TI - Toxic stress in children and adolescents VL - 63 Y2 - 2017/12/15 ID - 23734 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Institute of Medicine AU - Brown, Heidi E. AU - Comrie, Andrew C. AU - Tamerius, James AU - Khan, Mohammed AU - A.Tabor, Joseph AU - Galgiani, John N. C4 - b262f5a3-6d59-4902-ba8e-04427593dabd CY - Washington, DC PB - National Academies Press PY - 2014 SN - 978-0-309-30499-3 SP - 266-281 ST - Climate, windstorms, and the risk of valley fever (Coccidioidomycosis) T2 - The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics TI - Climate, windstorms, and the risk of valley fever (Coccidioidomycosis) ID - 23735 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Carter, B. R. AU - Feely, R. A. AU - Mecking, S. AU - Cross, J. N. AU - Macdonald, A. M. AU - Siedlecki, S. A. AU - Talley, L. D. AU - Sabine, C. L. AU - Millero, F. J. AU - Swift, J. H. AU - Dickson, A. G. AU - Rodgers, K. B. DO - 10.1002/2016GB005485 IS - 2 KW - anthropogenic carbon P02 and P16 ocean acidification eMLR repeat hydrography decadal variability 1615 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling 4215 Climate and interannual variability 4806 Carbon cycling 4808 Chemical tracers PY - 2017 SN - 1944-9224 SP - 306-327 ST - Two decades of Pacific anthropogenic carbon storage and ocean acidification along Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program sections P16 and P02 T2 - Global Biogeochemical Cycles TI - Two decades of Pacific anthropogenic carbon storage and ocean acidification along Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program sections P16 and P02 VL - 31 ID - 23738 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cavole, Leticia M. AU - Demko, Alyssa M. AU - Diner, Rachel E. AU - Giddings, Ashlyn AU - Koester, Irina AU - Pagniello, Camille M.L.S. AU - Paulsen, Mat-Linn AU - Ramirez-Valdez, Arturo AU - Schwenck, Sarah M. AU - Yen, Nicole K. AU - Zill, Michelle E. AU - Franks, Peter J.S. DO - 10.5670/oceanog.2016.32 IS - 2 PY - 2016 SP - 273-285 ST - Biological impacts of the 2013–2015 warm-water anomaly in the northeast Pacific: Winners, losers, and the future T2 - Oceanography TI - Biological impacts of the 2013–2015 warm-water anomaly in the northeast Pacific: Winners, losers, and the future VL - 29 ID - 23739 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cheung, William W. L. AU - Brodeur, Richard D. AU - Okey, Thomas A. AU - Pauly, Daniel DA - 2015/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.pocean.2014.09.003 PY - 2015 SN - 0079-6611 SP - 19-31 ST - Projecting future changes in distributions of pelagic fish species of Northeast Pacific shelf seas T2 - Progress in Oceanography TI - Projecting future changes in distributions of pelagic fish species of Northeast Pacific shelf seas VL - 130 ID - 23741 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Choudhary, Ekta AU - Vaidyanathan, Ambarish IS - 13 PY - 2014 SP - 1-10 ST - Heat stress illness hospitalizations—Environmental public health tracking program, 20 States, 2001–2010 T2 - MMWR Surveillance Summaries TI - Heat stress illness hospitalizations—Environmental public health tracking program, 20 States, 2001–2010 UR - https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6313a1.htm VL - 63 ID - 23742 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chung, Esther K. AU - Siegel, Benjamin S. AU - Garg, Arvin AU - Conroy, Kathleen AU - Gross, Rachel S. AU - Long, Dayna A. AU - Lewis, Gena AU - Osman, Cynthia J. AU - Jo Messito, Mary AU - Wade, Roy AU - Shonna Yin, H. AU - Cox, Joanne AU - Fierman, Arthur H. DA - 2016/05/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.cppeds.2016.02.004 IS - 5 PY - 2016 SN - 1538-5442 SP - 135-153 ST - Screening for social determinants of health among children and families living in poverty: A guide for clinicians T2 - Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care TI - Screening for social determinants of health among children and families living in poverty: A guide for clinicians VL - 46 ID - 23743 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Iconic sagebrush ecosystems of the American West are threatened by larger and more frequent wildfires that can kill sagebrush and facilitate invasion by annual grasses, creating a cycle that alters sagebrush ecosystem recovery post disturbance. Thwarting this accelerated grass–fire cycle is at the forefront of current national conservation efforts, yet its impacts on wildlife populations inhabiting these ecosystems have not been quantified rigorously. Within a Bayesian framework, we modeled 30 y of wildfire and climatic effects on population rates of change of a sagebrush-obligate species, the greater sage-grouse, across the Great Basin of western North America. Importantly, our modeling also accounted for variation in sagebrush recovery time post fire as determined by underlying soil properties that influence ecosystem resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion. Our results demonstrate that the cumulative loss of sagebrush to direct and indirect effects of wildfire has contributed strongly to declining sage-grouse populations over the past 30 y at large spatial scales. Moreover, long-lasting effects from wildfire nullified pulses of sage-grouse population growth that typically follow years of higher precipitation. If wildfire trends continue unabated, model projections indicate sage-grouse populations will be reduced to 43% of their current numbers over the next three decades. Our results provide a timely example of how altered fire regimes are disrupting recovery of sagebrush ecosystems and leading to substantial declines of a widespread indicator species. Accordingly, we present scenario-based stochastic projections to inform conservation actions that may help offset the adverse effects of wildfire on sage-grouse and other wildlife populations. AU - Coates, Peter S. AU - Ricca, Mark A. AU - Prochazka, Brian G. AU - Brooks, Matthew L. AU - Doherty, Kevin E. AU - Kroger, Travis AU - Blomberg, Erik J. AU - Hagen, Christian A. AU - Casazza, Michael L. DA - November 8, 2016 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1606898113 IS - 45 PY - 2016 SP - 12745-12750 ST - Wildfire, climate, and invasive grass interactions negatively impact an indicator species by reshaping sagebrush ecosystems T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Wildfire, climate, and invasive grass interactions negatively impact an indicator species by reshaping sagebrush ecosystems VL - 113 ID - 23745 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coats, Sloan AU - Smerdon, Jason E. AU - Seager, Richard AU - Griffin, Daniel AU - Cook, Benjamin I. DO - 10.1002/2015JD023085 IS - 16 KW - paleoclimate North American monsoon teleconnection 0429 Climate dynamics 1854 Precipitation 3344 Paleoclimatology 3335 North Amercan Monsoon 4522 ENSO PY - 2015 SN - 2169-8996 SP - 8052-8064 ST - Winter-to-summer precipitation phasing in southwestern North America: A multicentury perspective from paleoclimatic model-data comparisons T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres TI - Winter-to-summer precipitation phasing in southwestern North America: A multicentury perspective from paleoclimatic model-data comparisons VL - 120 ID - 23746 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cole, Kenneth L. AU - Ironside, Kirsten AU - Eischeid, Jon AU - Garfin, Gregg AU - Duffy, Phillip B. AU - Toney, Chris DO - 10.1890/09-1800.1 IS - 1 KW - climate change climate effects modeling extinct seed vectors Joshua tree Mohave Desert plant migration Yucca brevifolia PY - 2011 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 137-149 ST - Past and ongoing shifts in Joshua tree distribution support future modeled range contraction T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Past and ongoing shifts in Joshua tree distribution support future modeled range contraction VL - 21 ID - 23747 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coppock, D. Layne DA - 2011/11/01/ DO - 10.2111/REM-D-10-00113.1 IS - 6 KW - adaptive management climate change policy range livestock risk management social-ecological systems PY - 2011 SN - 1550-7424 SP - 607-618 ST - Ranching and multiyear droughts in Utah: Production impacts, risk perceptions, and changes in preparedness T2 - Rangeland Ecology & Management TI - Ranching and multiyear droughts in Utah: Production impacts, risk perceptions, and changes in preparedness VL - 64 ID - 23749 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Both obesity and strenuous outdoor work are known risk factors for heat-related illness (HRI). These risk factors may be compounded by more and longer periods of extreme heat in the southeastern U.S. To quantify occupational risk and investigate the possible predictive value of a GIS-based tool, a weighted occupation-based metabolic equivalent (MET) index was created. The correlation between current MET-weighted employment rates or obesity rates and 2012 HRI report rates in Alabama were then determined. With the current dataset, results indicate occupational and obesity rates may explain some of the geographical variation seen in HRI report rates, although results are not statistically significant with this limited dataset. Mapping occupational and physiological risk factors with HRI rates may be useful for environmental and occupational health professionals to identify “hotspots” that may require special attention. AU - Crider, Kyle G. AU - Maples, Elizabeth H. AU - Gohlke, Julia M. DA - Jul-Aug DB - PMC IS - 1 N1 - 25185323[pmid] J Environ Health PY - 2014 SN - 0022-0892 SP - 16-22 ST - Incorporating occupational risk in heat stress vulnerability mapping T2 - Journal of Environmental Health TI - Incorporating occupational risk in heat stress vulnerability mapping UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4211285/ VL - 77 ID - 23751 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crooks, James Lewis AU - Cascio, Wayne E. AU - Percy, Madelyn S. AU - Reyes, Jeanette AU - Neas, Lucas M. AU - Hilborn, Elizabeth D. DO - 10.1289/EHP216 IS - 11 PY - 2016 SP - 1735-1743 ST - The association between dust storms and daily non-accidental mortality in the United States, 1993–2005 T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - The association between dust storms and daily non-accidental mortality in the United States, 1993–2005 VL - 124 ID - 23754 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dahm, Clifford N. AU - Candelaria-Ley, Roxanne I. AU - Reale, Chelsea S. AU - Reale, Justin K. AU - Van Horn, David J. DO - 10.1111/fwb.12548 IS - 12 KW - continuous monitoring dissolved oxygen disturbance forest fire water quality PY - 2015 SN - 1365-2427 SP - 2584-2599 ST - Extreme water quality degradation following a catastrophic forest fire T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Extreme water quality degradation following a catastrophic forest fire VL - 60 ID - 23755 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Rosier, Paul C. AU - Denetdale, Jennifer C4 - b9365387-545d-4511-acec-7cd336614041 PB - Chelsea House Publishers PY - 2007 SN - 978-0791093443 SP - 143 ST - The Long Walk: The Forced Navajo Exile T2 - Landmark Events in Native American History TI - The Long Walk: The Forced Navajo Exile ID - 23757 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dettinger, Michael AU - Udall, Bradley AU - Georgakakos, Aris DO - 10.1890/15-0938.1 IS - 8 KW - Centennial Paper climate change Colorado River Klamath River Rio Grande Sacramento–San Joaquin Bay Delta water resources western United States PY - 2015 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 2069-2093 ST - Western water and climate change T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Western water and climate change VL - 25 ID - 23758 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The authors examined two competing hypotheses regarding the cause of the 1993 Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The first was that oocyst contamination of the drinking-water influent, coupled with a treatment plant failure, resulted in a point-source outbreak. The second was that the outbreak was the result of transmission processes that amplified the oocyst concentration in the drinking-water effluent. Analysis of the model suggested that 1) transmission directly from person to person contributed 10% (95% confidence interval: 6%, 21%) of the total cases; 2) closing the drinking-water plant prevented 19% (95% confidence interval: 17%, 21%) of the additional cases of disease that occurred compared with the scenario in which the plant had not been closed, a result primarily driven by conferred immunity that resulted in depletion of the susceptible population; and 3) the outbreak was caused by a transmission cycle due to infectious persons shedding pathogens into the sewage, environmental transport of these pathogens via Lake Michigan to the drinking-water plant, and infection of susceptible persons via exposure to drinking water. The incidence data were consistent with this hypothesis. Further simulations suggested that increasing the distance between the wastewater effluent and the drinking-water influent may have prevented the outbreak. AU - Eisenberg, Joseph N. S. AU - Lei, Xiudong AU - Hubbard, Alan H. AU - Brookhart, M. Alan AU - Colford, Jr John M. DO - 10.1093/aje/kwi005 IS - 1 N1 - 10.1093/aje/kwi005 PY - 2005 SN - 0002-9262 SP - 62-72 ST - The role of disease transmission and conferred immunity in outbreaks: Analysis of the 1993 Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - The role of disease transmission and conferred immunity in outbreaks: Analysis of the 1993 Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin VL - 161 ID - 23759 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Elias, E. H. AU - Rango, A. AU - Steele, C. M. AU - Mejia, J. F. AU - Smith, R. DA - 2015/03/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.04.004 KW - Snowmelt runoff model Climate change Upper Rio Grande Water resources PY - 2015 SN - 2214-5818 SP - 525-546 ST - Assessing climate change impacts on water availability of snowmelt-dominated basins of the Upper Rio Grande basin T2 - Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies TI - Assessing climate change impacts on water availability of snowmelt-dominated basins of the Upper Rio Grande basin VL - 3 ID - 23760 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Elias, Emile AU - Rango, Al AU - Smith, Ryann AU - Maxwell, Connie AU - Steele, Caiti AU - Havstad, Kris DO - 10.1111/j.1936-704X.2016.03218.x IS - 1 KW - climate change agriculture water resources Southwest Climate Hub PY - 2016 SN - 1936-704X SP - 46-61 ST - Climate change, agriculture and water resources in the southwestern United States T2 - Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education TI - Climate change, agriculture and water resources in the southwestern United States VL - 158 ID - 23761 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ferrenberg, Scott AU - Tucker, Colin L. AU - Reed, Sasha C. DO - 10.1002/fee.1469 IS - 3 PY - 2017 SN - 1540-9309 SP - 160-167 ST - Biological soil crusts: Diminutive communities of potential global importance T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment TI - Biological soil crusts: Diminutive communities of potential global importance VL - 15 ID - 23763 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Funayama, Kota AU - Hines, Ellen AU - Davis, Jerry AU - Allen, Sarah DO - 10.1002/aqc.2318 IS - 2 KW - elephant seals Mirounga angustirostris habitat management marine protected areas habitat modelling climate change sea-level rise PY - 2013 SN - 1099-0755 SP - 233-245 ST - Effects of sea-level rise on northern elephant seal breeding habitat at Point Reyes Peninsula, California T2 - Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems TI - Effects of sea-level rise on northern elephant seal breeding habitat at Point Reyes Peninsula, California VL - 23 ID - 23765 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Garcia, Rita AU - Freire, Fausto DA - 2017/11/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.145 KW - Electric vehicles Energy consumption Greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) Life-cycle assessment (LCA) Vehicle fleets PY - 2017 SN - 1364-0321 SP - 935-945 ST - A review of fleet-based life-cycle approaches focusing on energy and environmental impacts of vehicles T2 - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews TI - A review of fleet-based life-cycle approaches focusing on energy and environmental impacts of vehicles VL - 79 ID - 23766 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Long-term declines in oxygen concentrations are evident throughout much of the ocean interior and are particularly acute in midwater oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). These regions are defined by extremely low oxygen concentrations (<20–45 μmol kg−1), cover wide expanses of the ocean, and are associated with productive oceanic and coastal regions. OMZs have expanded over the past 50 years, and this expansion is predicted to continue as the climate warms worldwide. Shoaling of the upper boundaries of the OMZs accompanies OMZ expansion, and decreased oxygen at shallower depths can affect all marine organisms through multiple direct and indirect mechanisms. Effects include altered microbial processes that produce and consume key nutrients and gases, changes in predator-prey dynamics, and shifts in the abundance and accessibility of commercially fished species. Although many species will be negatively affected by these effects, others may expand their range or exploit new niches. OMZ shoaling is thus likely to have major and far-reaching consequences. AU - Gilly, William F. AU - Beman, J. Michael AU - Litvin, Steven Y. AU - Robison, Bruce H. DO - 10.1146/annurev-marine-120710-100849 IS - 1 KW - hypoxia,ecology,oceans,microbial,mesopelagic,fisheries PY - 2013 SP - 393-420 ST - Oceanographic and biological effects of shoaling of the oxygen minimum zone T2 - Annual Review of Marine Science TI - Oceanographic and biological effects of shoaling of the oxygen minimum zone VL - 5 ID - 23768 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Heat waves kill more people in the United States than hurricanes, tornadoes, earthquakes, and floods combined. Recently, international attention focused on the linkages and impacts of human health vulnerability to urban climate when Western Europe experienced over 30,000 excess deaths during the heat waves of the summer of 2003—surpassing the 1995 heat wave in Chicago, Illinois, that killed 739. While Europe dealt with heat waves, in the United States, Phoenix, Arizona, established a new all-time high minimum temperature for the region on July 15, 2003. The low temperature of 35.5°C (96°F) was recorded, breaking the previous all-time high minimum temperature record of 33.8°C (93°F). While an extensive literature on heat-related mortality exists, greater understanding of influences of heat-related morbidity is required due to climate change and rapid urbanization influences. We undertook an analysis of 6 years (2001–2006) of heat-related dispatches through the Phoenix Fire Department regional dispatch center to examine temporal, climatic and other non-spatial influences contributing to high-heat-related medical dispatch events. The findings identified that there were no significant variations in day-of-week dispatch events. The greatest incidence of heat-related medical dispatches occurred between the times of peak solar irradiance and maximum diurnal temperature, and during times of elevated human comfort indices (combined temperature and relative humidity). AU - Golden, Jay S. AU - Hartz, Donna AU - Brazel, Anthony AU - Luber, George AU - Phelan, Patrick DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s00484-007-0142-3 IS - 6 M3 - journal article PY - 2008 SN - 1432-1254 SP - 471-480 ST - A biometeorology study of climate and heat-related morbidity in Phoenix from 2001 to 2006 T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - A biometeorology study of climate and heat-related morbidity in Phoenix from 2001 to 2006 VL - 52 ID - 23769 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Goldtooth, Tom B. K. DO - 10.1353/wic.2010.0006 IS - 2 PY - 2010 SP - 11-28 ST - The State of Indigenous America Series: Earth Mother, piñons, and apple pie T2 - Wicazo Sa Review TI - The State of Indigenous America Series: Earth Mother, piñons, and apple pie VL - 25 ID - 23770 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gonzalez, Patrick AU - Battles, John J. AU - Collins, Brandon M. AU - Robards, Timothy AU - Saah, David S. DA - 2015/07/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.03.040 KW - Carbon Climate change Protected areas Uncertainty Wildfire PY - 2015 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 68-77 ST - Aboveground live carbon stock changes of California wildland ecosystems, 2001–2010 T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Aboveground live carbon stock changes of California wildland ecosystems, 2001–2010 VL - 348 ID - 23771 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Griffin, Daniel AU - Anchukaitis, Kevin J. DO - 10.1002/2014GL062433 IS - 24 KW - drought tree rings paleoclimate 1637 Regional climate change 1812 Drought 1884 Water supply 3344 Paleoclimatology 4920 Dendrochronology PY - 2014 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 9017-9023 ST - How unusual is the 2012–2014 California drought? T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - How unusual is the 2012–2014 California drought? VL - 41 ID - 23772 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guo, Qinghua AU - Kelly, Maggi AU - Graham, Catherine H. DA - 2005/02/25/ DO - 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2004.07.012 IS - 1 KW - Geographic information systems Support vector machines Potential disease spread Sudden Oak Death PY - 2005 SN - 0304-3800 SP - 75-90 ST - Support vector machines for predicting distribution of Sudden Oak Death in California T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - Support vector machines for predicting distribution of Sudden Oak Death in California VL - 182 ID - 23773 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Heat has been known to increase the risk of many health endpoints. However, few studies have examined its effects on stroke. The objective of this case-crossover study is to investigate the effects of high heat and its effect modifiers on the risk of stroke hospitalization in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. AU - Ha, Sandie AU - Talbott, Evelyn O. AU - Kan, Haidong AU - Prins, Cindy A. AU - Xu, Xiaohui DA - July 01 DO - 10.1007/s00420-013-0897-2 IS - 5 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1432-1246 SP - 557-565 ST - The effects of heat stress and its effect modifiers on stroke hospitalizations in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania T2 - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health TI - The effects of heat stress and its effect modifiers on stroke hospitalizations in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania VL - 87 ID - 23774 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hardin, E. AU - AghaKouchak, A. AU - Qomi, M. J. A. AU - Madani, K. AU - Tarroja, B. AU - Zhou, Y. AU - Yang, T. AU - Samuelsen, S. DA - 2017/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.scs.2016.09.004 KW - CO emissions Drought Energy Footprint PY - 2017 SN - 2210-6707 SP - 450-452 ST - California drought increases CO2 footprint of energy T2 - Sustainable Cities and Society TI - California drought increases CO2 footprint of energy VL - 28 ID - 23775 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hessburg, Paul F. AU - Spies, Thomas A. AU - Perry, David A. AU - Skinner, Carl N. AU - Taylor, Alan H. AU - Brown, Peter M. AU - Stephens, Scott L. AU - Larson, Andrew J. AU - Churchill, Derek J. AU - Povak, Nicholas A. AU - Singleton, Peter H. AU - McComb, Brenda AU - Zielinski, William J. AU - Collins, Brandon M. AU - Salter, R. Brion AU - Keane, John J. AU - Franklin, Jerry F. AU - Riegel, Greg DA - 2016/04/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.01.034 KW - Forest resilience Resistance Climate change Multi-scale heterogeneity Patch size distributions Topographic controls Early successional habitats PY - 2016 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 221-250 ST - Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California VL - 366 ID - 23777 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Environmental justice is concerned with an equitable distribution of environmental burdens. These burdens comprise immediate health hazards as well as subtle inequities, such as limited access to healthy foods.We reviewed the literature on neighborhood disparities in access to fast-food outlets and convenience stores. Low-income neighborhoods offered greater access to food sources that promote unhealthy eating. The distribution of fast-food outlets and convenience stores differed by the racial/ethnic characteristics of the neighborhood.Further research is needed to address the limitations of current studies, identify effective policy actions to achieve environmental justice, and evaluate intervention strategies to promote lifelong healthy eating habits, optimum health, and vibrant communities. AU - Hilmers, Angela AU - Hilmers, David C. AU - Dave, Jayna DO - 10.2105/ajph.2012.300865 IS - 9 PY - 2012 SP - 1644-1654 ST - Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice T2 - American Journal of Public Health TI - Neighborhood disparities in access to healthy foods and their effects on environmental justice VL - 102 ID - 23778 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hobday, Alistair J. AU - Alexander, Lisa V. AU - Perkins, Sarah E. AU - Smale, Dan A. AU - Straub, Sandra C. AU - Oliver, Eric C. J. AU - Benthuysen, Jessica A. AU - Burrows, Michael T. AU - Donat, Markus G. AU - Feng, Ming AU - Holbrook, Neil J. AU - Moore, Pippa J. AU - Scannell, Hillary A. AU - Sen Gupta, Alex AU - Wernberg, Thomas DA - 2016/02/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.pocean.2015.12.014 PY - 2016 SN - 0079-6611 SP - 227-238 ST - A hierarchical approach to defining marine heatwaves T2 - Progress in Oceanography TI - A hierarchical approach to defining marine heatwaves VL - 141 ID - 23779 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hohner, Amanda K. AU - Cawley, Kaelin AU - Oropeza, Jill AU - Summers, R. Scott AU - Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando L. DA - 2016/11/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.watres.2016.08.034 KW - Wildfire Disinfection byproducts Fluorescence Coagulation Dissolved organic matter Nitrogenous DBPs PY - 2016 SN - 0043-1354 SP - 187-198 ST - Drinking water treatment response following a Colorado wildfire T2 - Water Research TI - Drinking water treatment response following a Colorado wildfire VL - 105 ID - 23780 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hongoh, V. AU - Berrang-Ford, L. AU - Scott, M. E. AU - Lindsay, L. R. DA - 2012/04/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.05.015 KW - Species distribution Range expansion Climate change Geographic information systems PY - 2012 SN - 0143-6228 SP - 53-62 ST - Expanding geographical distribution of the mosquito, Culex pipiens, in Canada under climate change T2 - Applied Geography TI - Expanding geographical distribution of the mosquito, Culex pipiens, in Canada under climate change VL - 33 ID - 23781 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoover, Daniel J. AU - Odigie, Kingsley O. AU - Swarzenski, Peter W. AU - Barnard, Patrick DA - 2017/06/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ejrh.2015.12.055 KW - Sea-level rise Groundwater Coastal aquifer Inundation projections Groundwater shoaling California PY - 2017 SN - 2214-5818 SP - 234-249 ST - Sea-level rise and coastal groundwater inundation and shoaling at select sites in California, USA T2 - Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies TI - Sea-level rise and coastal groundwater inundation and shoaling at select sites in California, USA VL - 11 ID - 23782 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoover, David L. AU - Duniway, Michael C. AU - Belnap, Jayne DO - 10.1111/1365-2745.12647 IS - 1 KW - cold desert dryland ecophysiology Hierarchical Response Framework normalized difference vegetation index photosynthesis plant functional types press soil moisture dynamics PY - 2017 SN - 1365-2745 SP - 152-162 ST - Testing the apparent resistance of three dominant plants to chronic drought on the Colorado Plateau T2 - Journal of Ecology TI - Testing the apparent resistance of three dominant plants to chronic drought on the Colorado Plateau VL - 105 ID - 23783 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hornor, Gail DA - 2017/05/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.pedhc.2016.09.005 IS - 3 KW - Trauma resilience stress PY - 2017 SN - 0891-5245 SP - 384-390 ST - Resilience T2 - Journal of Pediatric Health Care TI - Resilience VL - 31 ID - 23784 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hurteau, Matthew AU - North, Malcolm DO - 10.1890/080049 IS - 8 PY - 2009 SN - 1540-9309 SP - 409-414 ST - Fuel treatment effects on tree-based forest carbon storage and emissions under modeled wildfire scenarios T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment TI - Fuel treatment effects on tree-based forest carbon storage and emissions under modeled wildfire scenarios VL - 7 ID - 23785 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ito, Takamitsu AU - Minobe, Shoshiro AU - Long, Matthew C. AU - Deutsch, Curtis DO - 10.1002/2017GL073613 IS - 9 KW - climate change biogeochemical cycling marine chemistry global warming data analysis climate impacts 1615 Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling 1635 Oceans PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4214-4223 ST - Upper ocean O2 trends: 1958–2015 T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Upper ocean O2 trends: 1958–2015 VL - 44 ID - 23787 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Iverson, Peter C4 - 27e6d635-0b4c-4d4d-8bb4-773edd1377cf CY - Albuquerque, NM PB - University of New Mexico Press PY - 2002 SN - 978-0-8263-2715-4 SP - 432 ST - Diné: A History of the Navajos TI - Diné: A History of the Navajos ID - 23788 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jacox, Michael G. AU - Alexander, Michael A. AU - Mantua, Nathan J. AU - Scott, James D . AU - Hervieux, Gaelle AU - Webb, Robert S. AU - Werner, Francisco E. DO - 10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0119.1 IS - 1 PY - 2018 SP - S27-S33 ST - Forcing of multiyear extreme ocean temperatures that impacted California Current living marine resources in 2016 [in "Explaining Extreme Events of 2016 from a Climate Perspective"] T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Forcing of multiyear extreme ocean temperatures that impacted California Current living marine resources in 2016 [in "Explaining Extreme Events of 2016 from a Climate Perspective"] VL - 99 ID - 23790 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Designing climate-related research so that study results will be useful to natural resource managers is a unique challenge. While decision makers increasingly recognize the need to consider climate change in their resource management plans, and climate scientists recognize the importance of providing locally-relevant climate data and projections, there often remains a gap between management needs and the information that is available or is being collected. We used decision analysis concepts to bring decision-maker and stakeholder perspectives into the applied research planning process. In 2009 we initiated a series of studies on the impacts of climate change in the Yakima River Basin (YRB) with a four-day stakeholder workshop, bringing together managers, stakeholders, and scientists to develop an integrated conceptual model of climate change and climate change impacts in the YRB. The conceptual model development highlighted areas of uncertainty that limit the understanding of the potential impacts of climate change and decision alternatives by those who will be most directly affected by those changes, and pointed to areas where additional study and engagement of stakeholders would be beneficial. The workshop and resulting conceptual model highlighted the importance of numerous different outcomes to stakeholders in the basin, including social and economic outcomes that go beyond the physical and biological outcomes typically reported in climate impacts studies. Subsequent studies addressed several of those areas of uncertainty, including changes in water temperatures, habitat quality, and bioenergetics of salmonid populations. AU - Jenni, K. AU - Graves, D. AU - Hardiman, J. AU - Hatten, J. AU - Mastin, M. AU - Mesa, M. AU - Montag, J. AU - Nieman, T. AU - Voss, F. AU - Maule, A. DA - May 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-013-0806-4 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 371-384 ST - Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: A case study in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA T2 - Climatic Change TI - Identifying stakeholder-relevant climate change impacts: A case study in the Yakima River Basin, Washington, USA VL - 124 ID - 23793 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jeon, S. AU - Prabhat AU - Byna, S. AU - Gu, J. AU - Collins, W. D. AU - Wehner, M. F. DO - 10.5194/ascmo-1-45-2015 IS - 1 N1 - ASCMO PY - 2015 SN - 2364-3587 SP - 45-57 ST - Characterization of extreme precipitation within atmospheric river events over California T2 - Advances in Statistical Climatology, Meteorology and Oceanography TI - Characterization of extreme precipitation within atmospheric river events over California VL - 1 ID - 23795 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Two degrees of global warming above the preindustrial level is widely suggested as an appropriate threshold beyond which climate change risks become unacceptably high. This “2 °C” threshold is likely to be reached between 2040 and 2050 for both Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 and 4.5. Resulting sea level rises will not be globally uniform, due to ocean dynamical processes and changes in gravity associated with water mass redistribution. Here we provide probabilistic sea level rise projections for the global coastline with warming above the 2 °C goal. By 2040, with a 2 °C warming under the RCP8.5 scenario, more than 90% of coastal areas will experience sea level rise exceeding the global estimate of 0.2 m, with up to 0.4 m expected along the Atlantic coast of North America and Norway. With a 5 °C rise by 2100, sea level will rise rapidly, reaching 0.9 m (median), and 80% of the coastline will exceed the global sea level rise at the 95th percentile upper limit of 1.8 m. Under RCP8.5, by 2100, New York may expect rises of 1.09 m, Guangzhou may expect rises of 0.91 m, and Lagos may expect rises of 0.90 m, with the 95th percentile upper limit of 2.24 m, 1.93 m, and 1.92 m, respectively. The coastal communities of rapidly expanding cities in the developing world, and vulnerable tropical coastal ecosystems, will have a very limited time after midcentury to adapt to sea level rises unprecedented since the dawn of the Bronze Age. AU - Jevrejeva, Svetlana AU - Jackson, Luke P. AU - Riva, Riccardo E. M. AU - Grinsted, Aslak AU - Moore, John C. DA - November 22, 2016 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1605312113 IS - 47 PY - 2016 SP - 13342-13347 ST - Coastal sea level rise with warming above 2 °C T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Coastal sea level rise with warming above 2 °C VL - 113 ID - 23796 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Southwestern North America (SWNA) is projected to become drier in the twenty-first century as both precipitation (P) and evaporation (E) rates change with increasing greenhouse gas concentration. The authors diagnose the relative contributions of changes in P and E to the local surface moisture balance (P − E) in cold and warm halves of the year across SWNA. Trends in P − E vary spatially between the arid southern subregion (mostly northern Mexico) and the more temperate northern subregion (southwest United States), although both subregions exhibit a negative trend in P − E (trending toward more arid conditions) in CMIP5 projections for the twenty-first century. The P − E trend is biggest in the cold season, when much of the base flow to rivers in the southwest United States is generated. The downward trend in cold season P − E across SWNA is caused primarily by increasing E in the north and decreasing P in the south. Decreasing P is the primary contributor to modest warm season drying trends in both northern and southern subregions. Also, P accounts for most of the interannual variability in SWNA P − E and is strongly correlated with modes of oceanic natural variability during the cold season. SWNA aridification is therefore most readily distinguished from the region’s large natural climate variability in the cold season in the northern subregion, where the projected temperature-driven increase in E is greater than the projected decrease in P. AU - Jones, Shannon M. AU - Gutzler, David S. DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-14-00852.1 IS - 12 KW - Geographic location/entity,North America,Physical Meteorology and Climatology,Climate change,Water budget,Models and modeling,Climate models,Variability,Interannual variability,Trends PY - 2016 SP - 4637-4649 ST - Spatial and seasonal variations in aridification across southwest North America T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Spatial and seasonal variations in aridification across southwest North America VL - 29 ID - 23797 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kapsenberg, Lydia AU - Hofmann, Gretchen E. DO - 10.1002/lno.10264 IS - 3 PY - 2016 SN - 1939-5590 SP - 953-968 ST - Ocean pH time-series and drivers of variability along the northern Channel Islands, California, USA T2 - Limnology and Oceanography TI - Ocean pH time-series and drivers of variability along the northern Channel Islands, California, USA VL - 61 ID - 23798 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kenney, Douglas S. AU - Klein, Roberta A. AU - Clark, Martyn P. DO - 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2004.tb01011.x IS - 1 KW - water conservation drought water restrictions urban water management PY - 2004 SN - 1752-1688 SP - 77-87 ST - Use and effectiveness of municipal water restrictions during drought in Colorado T2 - JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Use and effectiveness of municipal water restrictions during drought in Colorado VL - 40 ID - 23799 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kim, Seung Hee AU - Kim, Jinwon AU - Walko, Rovert AU - Myoung, Boksoon AU - Stack, David AU - Kafatos, Menas DA - 2015/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.210 KW - Regional climate change yield potential crop model regional climate model maize Southwestern United States PY - 2015 SN - 1878-0296 SP - 279-280 ST - Climate change impacts on maize-yield potential in the southwestern United States T2 - Procedia Environmental Sciences TI - Climate change impacts on maize-yield potential in the southwestern United States VL - 29 ID - 23800 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Although declining oxygen concentration has been reported for the oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) of the tropical oceans and the North Pacific Ocean, consistent with model predictions of the effects of global warming, its ecological impacts are poorly understood. We report the apparent impact of declining oxygen on midwater fishes within the OMZ of the southern California Current (CC). Principal component analysis of the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) ichthyoplankton time series from 1951 to 2008 indicates that the dominant temporal pattern (principal component 1 [PC1]) represents the marked decline of the region’s mesopelagic fishes during periods of reduced oxygen. Of the 27 taxa with loadings > 0.5 on PC1, 24 were mesopelagic. PC1 was strongly correlated with intermediate-water oxygen concentrations (r = 0.75, p < 0.05), which were about 20% lower in the past decade and the 1950s than in the period from 1970 to 1995. The abundance of mesopelagic fishes represented by PC1 was reduced, on average, by 63% between periods of high and low oxygen concentrations. We hypothesize that the underlying mechanism is the shoaling of the hypoxic boundary layer during periods of reduced oxygen, which renders the mesopelagic fauna more vulnerable to visually orienting predators. The mesopelagic fish fauna provides a vital trophodynamic link between the marine plankton and many higher predators. The decline of deepwater fish populations has profound implications for commercial fisheries, marine food webs and marine conservation: climate models predict a 20 to 40% decline in global deepwater oxygen concentrations over the coming century. AU - Koslow, J. Anthony AU - Goericke, Ralf AU - Lara-Lopez, Ana AU - Watson, William DO - 10.3354/meps09270 N1 - 10.3354/meps09270 PY - 2011 SP - 207-218 ST - Impact of declining intermediate-water oxygen on deepwater fishes in the California Current T2 - Marine Ecology Progress Series TI - Impact of declining intermediate-water oxygen on deepwater fishes in the California Current VL - 436 ID - 23801 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Rising sea levels are increasing the exposure of populations and infrastructure to coastal flooding. While earlier studies estimate magnitudes of future exposure or project rates of sea level rise, here, we estimate growth rates of exposure, likely to be a key factor in how effectively coastal communities can adapt. These rates may not correlate well with sea level rise rates due to varying patterns of topography and development. We integrate exposure assessments based on LiDAR elevation data with extreme flood event distributions and sea level rise projections to compute the expected annual exposure of population, housing, roads, and property value in 327 medium-to-large coastal municipalities circumscribing the contiguous USA, and identify those localities that could experience rapid exposure growth sometime this century. We define a rate threshold of 0.25% additive increase in expected annual exposure per year, based on its rarity of present-day exceedance. With unchecked carbon emissions under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5, the number of cities exceeding the threshold reaches 33 (18–59, 90% CI) by 2050 and 90 (22–196) by 2100, including the cities of Boston and Miami. Sharp cuts under RCP 2.6 limit the end-of-century total to 28 (12–105), versus a baseline of 7 cities in 2000. The methods and results presented here offer a new way to illustrate the consequences of different emission scenarios or mitigation efforts, and locally assess the urgency of coastal adaptation measures. AU - Kulp, Scott AU - Strauss, Benjamin H. DA - June 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-017-1963-7 IS - 3 M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 477-489 ST - Rapid escalation of coastal flood exposure in US municipalities from sea level rise T2 - Climatic Change TI - Rapid escalation of coastal flood exposure in US municipalities from sea level rise VL - 142 ID - 23803 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kurdgelashvili, Lado AU - Li, Junli AU - Shih, Cheng-Hao AU - Attia, Benjamin DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.105 KW - Photovoltaics Solar rooftop potential Distributed generation Residential buildings Commercial buildings State solar potential PY - 2016 SN - 0960-1481 SP - 286-302 ST - Estimating technical potential for rooftop photovoltaics in California, Arizona and New Jersey T2 - Renewable Energy TI - Estimating technical potential for rooftop photovoltaics in California, Arizona and New Jersey VL - 95 ID - 23804 ER - TY - JOUR AU - La Sorte, Frank A. AU - Thompson, Frank R., III DO - 10.1890/06-1072.1 IS - 7 KW - abundance Christmas Bird Count common species distribution of avifauna geographical range global climate change North America temporal turnover winter range PY - 2007 SN - 1939-9170 SP - 1803-1812 ST - Poleward shifts in winter ranges of North American birds T2 - Ecology TI - Poleward shifts in winter ranges of North American birds VL - 88 ID - 23805 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The impacts of climate change on agriculture depend on local conditions and crops grown. For instance, warmer winter temperatures in a given area would reduce chill hours, potentially cutting yields for some crops but extending the growing season for others. Using a century of climate data and six decades of acreage data, we established quantitative economic relationships between the evolution of local climate and acreage of 12 important crops in Yolo County. We then used the historical trend in climate change to project future crop acreages in the county. Only marginal changes in acreage in 2050 were projected for tree and vine crops there, in part because chill hours, although lower, remained above critical values. Walnuts were the most vulnerable tree crop, and the projections indicated some cultivars might be marginal in years with particularly warm winters. Processing tomato acreage might increase, due to a longer growing season, and also alfalfa acreage, if water availability and other factors remain constant. AU - Lee, Hyunok AU - Sumner, Daniel A. DO - 10.3733/ca.v070n01p9 IS - 1 PY - 2016 SN - 0008-0845 SP - 9-14 ST - Modeling the effects of local climate change on crop acreage T2 - California Agriculture TI - Modeling the effects of local climate change on crop acreage VL - 70 ID - 23808 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lehner, Flavio AU - Wahl, Eugene R. AU - Wood, Andrew W. AU - Blatchford, Douglas B. AU - Llewellyn, Dagmar DO - 10.1002/2017GL073253 IS - 9 KW - runoff efficiency paleoclimate temperature climate variability streamflow Rio Grande 1616 Climate variability 1860 Streamflow 1880 Water management 3344 Paleoclimatology 9350 North America PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4124-4133 ST - Assessing recent declines in Upper Rio Grande runoff efficiency from a paleoclimate perspective T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Assessing recent declines in Upper Rio Grande runoff efficiency from a paleoclimate perspective VL - 44 ID - 23809 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Liang, Shuang AU - Hurteau, Matthew D. AU - Westerling, Anthony LeRoy DO - 10.1111/gcb.13544 IS - 5 KW - carbon climate change forest community change LANDIS-II Sierra Nevada wildfire PY - 2017 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 2016-2030 ST - Response of Sierra Nevada forests to projected climate–wildfire interactions T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Response of Sierra Nevada forests to projected climate–wildfire interactions VL - 23 ID - 23810 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lightfoot, Kent G. AU - Lopez, Valentin DA - 2013/12/01 DO - 10.1179/1947461X13Z.00000000011 IS - 2 PY - 2013 SN - 1947-461X SP - 209-219 ST - The study of indigenous management practices in California: An introduction T2 - California Archaeology TI - The study of indigenous management practices in California: An introduction VL - 5 ID - 23811 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Luo, Lifeng AU - Apps, Deanna AU - Arcand, Samuel AU - Xu, Huating AU - Pan, Ming AU - Hoerling, Martin DO - 10.1002/2016GL072027 IS - 7 KW - drought temperature anomaly precipitation deficit snowpack PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 3184-3192 ST - Contribution of temperature and precipitation anomalies to the California drought during 2012–2015 T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Contribution of temperature and precipitation anomalies to the California drought during 2012–2015 VL - 44 ID - 23812 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lydersen, Jamie M. AU - Collins, Brandon M. AU - Brooks, Matthew L. AU - Matchett, John R. AU - Shive, Kristen L. AU - Povak, Nicholas A. AU - Kane, Van R. AU - Smith, Douglas F. DO - 10.1002/eap.1586 IS - 7 KW - fire progression fire severity fuels reduction fuels treatment landscape analysis mixed conifer forest Rim Fire Stanislaus National Forest thinning wildfire Yosemite National Park PY - 2017 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 2013-2030 ST - Evidence of fuels management and fire weather influencing fire severity in an extreme fire event T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Evidence of fuels management and fire weather influencing fire severity in an extreme fire event VL - 27 ID - 23813 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Macmillan, Alexandra AU - Connor, Jennie AU - Witten, Karen AU - Kearns, Robin AU - Rees, David AU - Woodward, Alistair DO - 10.1289/ehp.1307250 IS - 4 PY - 2014 SP - 335-344 ST - The societal costs and benefits of commuter bicycling: Simulating the effects of specific policies using system dynamics modeling T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - The societal costs and benefits of commuter bicycling: Simulating the effects of specific policies using system dynamics modeling VL - 122 ID - 23815 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Pinkerton, Kent E. A2 - Rom, William N. AU - Margolis, Helene G. C4 - d66b7bc2-05ee-4b9a-ace3-d73e20d2750f CY - New York, NY DO - 10.1007/978-1-4614-8417-2_6 PB - Humana Press PY - 2014 SN - 978-1-4614-8416-5 SP - 85-120 ST - Heat waves and rising temperatures: Human health impacts and the determinants of vulnerability SV - Respiratory Medicine 7 T2 - Global Climate Change and Public Health TI - Heat waves and rising temperatures: Human health impacts and the determinants of vulnerability ID - 23817 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marinucci, Gino AU - Luber, George AU - Uejio, Christopher AU - Saha, Shubhayu AU - Hess, Jeremy DO - 10.3390/ijerph110606433 IS - 6 PY - 2014 SN - 1660-4601 SP - 6433 ST - Building resilience against climate effects—A novel framework to facilitate climate readiness in public health agencies T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health TI - Building resilience against climate effects—A novel framework to facilitate climate readiness in public health agencies VL - 11 ID - 23818 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McConnell, Rob AU - Berhane, Kiros AU - Gilliland, Frank AU - London, Stephanie J. AU - Islam, Talat AU - Gauderman, W. James AU - Avol, Edward AU - Margolis, Helene G. AU - Peters, John M. DA - 2002/02/02/ DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07597-9 IS - 9304 PY - 2002 SN - 0140-6736 SP - 386-391 ST - Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: A cohort study T2 - The Lancet TI - Asthma in exercising children exposed to ozone: A cohort study VL - 359 ID - 23820 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McDonnell, William F. AU - Abbey, David E. AU - Nishino, Naomi AU - Lebowitz, Michael D. DA - 1999/02/01/ DO - 10.1006/enrs.1998.3894 IS - 2 KW - asthma ozone air pollution epidemiology. PY - 1999 SN - 0013-9351 SP - 110-121 ST - Long-term ambient ozone concentration and the incidence of asthma in nonsmoking adults: The Ahsmog study T2 - Environmental Research TI - Long-term ambient ozone concentration and the incidence of asthma in nonsmoking adults: The Ahsmog study VL - 80 ID - 23821 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McDowell, Nathan G. AU - Allen, Craig D. DA - 05/18/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate2641 PY - 2015 SP - 669-672 ST - Darcy's law predicts widespread forest mortality under climate warming T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Darcy's law predicts widespread forest mortality under climate warming VL - 5 ID - 23822 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Domoic acid is a potent neurotoxin produced by certain marine microalgae that can accumulate in the foodweb, posing a health threat to human seafood consumers and wildlife in coastal regions worldwide. Evidence of climatic regulation of domoic acid in shellfish over the past 20 y in the Northern California Current regime is shown. The timing of elevated domoic acid is strongly related to warm phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Oceanic Niño Index, an indicator of El Niño events. Ocean conditions in the northeast Pacific that are associated with warm phases of these indices, including changes in prevailing currents and advection of anomalously warm water masses onto the continental shelf, are hypothesized to contribute to increases in this toxin. We present an applied domoic acid risk assessment model for the US West Coast based on combined climatic and local variables. Evidence of regional- to basin-scale controls on domoic acid has not previously been presented. Our findings have implications in coastal zones worldwide that are affected by this toxin and are particularly relevant given the increased frequency of anomalously warm ocean conditions. AU - McKibben, S. Morgaine AU - Peterson, William AU - Wood, A. Michelle AU - Trainer, Vera L. AU - Hunter, Matthew AU - White, Angelicque E. DA - January 10, 2017 DO - 10.1073/pnas.1606798114 IS - 2 PY - 2017 SP - 239-244 ST - Climatic regulation of the neurotoxin domoic acid T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Climatic regulation of the neurotoxin domoic acid VL - 114 ID - 23823 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Extremes of temperature are associated with short-term increases in daily mortality. OBJECTIVES: We set out to identify subpopulations and mortality causes with increased susceptibility to temperature extremes. METHODS: We conducted a case-only analysis using daily mortality and hourly weather data from 50 U.S. cities for the period 1989–2000, covering a total of 7,789,655 deaths. We used distributions of daily minimum and maximum temperature in each city to define extremely hot days (≥ 99th percentile) and extremely cold days (≤ 1st percentile), respectively. For each (hypothesized) effect modifier, a city-specific logistic regression model was fitted and an overall estimate calculated in a subsequent meta-analysis. RESULTS: Older subjects [odds ratio (OR) = 1.020; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.005–1.034], diabetics (OR = 1.035; 95% CI, 1.010–1.062), blacks (OR = 1.037; 95% CI, 1.016–1.059), and those dying outside a hospital (OR = 1.066; 95% CI, 1.036–1.098) were more susceptible to extreme heat, with some differences observed between those dying from a cardiovascular disease and other decedents. Cardiovascular deaths (OR = 1.053; 95% CI, 1.036–1.070), and especially cardiac arrest deaths (OR =1.137; 95% CI, 1.051–1.230), showed a greater relative increase on extremely cold days, whereas the increase in heat-related mortality was marginally higher for those with coexisting atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.059; 95% CI, 0.996–1.125). CONCLUSIONS: In this study we identified several subpopulations and mortality causes particularly susceptible to temperature extremes. This knowledge may contribute to establishing health programs that would better protect the vulnerable. AU - Medina-Ramón, Mercedes AU - Zanobetti, Antonella AU - Cavanagh, David Paul AU - Schwartz, Joel DA - 07/06 02/06/received 07/05/accepted DB - PMC DO - 10.1289/ehp.9074 IS - 9 N1 - ehp0114-001331[PII] 16966084[pmid] Environ Health Perspect PY - 2006 SN - 0091-6765 1552-9924 SP - 1331-1336 ST - Extreme temperatures and mortality: Assessing effect modification by personal characteristics and specific cause of death in a multi-city case-only analysis T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives TI - Extreme temperatures and mortality: Assessing effect modification by personal characteristics and specific cause of death in a multi-city case-only analysis VL - 114 ID - 23824 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meixner, Thomas AU - Manning, Andrew H. AU - Stonestrom, David A. AU - Allen, Diana M. AU - Ajami, Hoori AU - Blasch, Kyle W. AU - Brookfield, Andrea E. AU - Castro, Christopher L. AU - Clark, Jordan F. AU - Gochis, David J. AU - Flint, Alan L. AU - Neff, Kirstin L. AU - Niraula, Rewati AU - Rodell, Matthew AU - Scanlon, Bridget R. AU - Singha, Kamini AU - Walvoord, Michelle A. DA - 2016/03/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.12.027 KW - Groundwater recharge Recharge mechanisms Climate change Western United States PY - 2016 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 124-138 ST - Implications of projected climate change for groundwater recharge in the western United States T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Implications of projected climate change for groundwater recharge in the western United States VL - 534 ID - 23825 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Middleton, Beth Rose PY - 2012 SP - 7-9 ST - Fuels: Greenville rancheria T2 - Smoke Signals TI - Fuels: Greenville rancheria UR - https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/public/pdf/idc-018695.pdf VL - 24 ID - 23826 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mikkelson, Kristin M. AU - Dickenson, Eric R. V. AU - Maxwell, Reed M. AU - McCray, John E. AU - Sharp, Jonathan O. DA - 10/28/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate1724 PY - 2012 SP - 218-222 ST - Water-quality impacts from climate-induced forest die-off T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Water-quality impacts from climate-induced forest die-off VL - 3 ID - 23827 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Montilla-López, Nazaret M. AU - Gutiérrez-Martín, Carlos AU - Gómez-Limón, José A. DO - 10.3390/w8100466 IS - 10 PY - 2016 SN - 2073-4441 SP - 466 ST - Water banks: What have we learnt from the international experience? T2 - Water TI - Water banks: What have we learnt from the international experience? VL - 8 ID - 23829 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moran, Matthew D. AU - Taylor, Nathan T. AU - Mullins, Tabitha F. AU - Sardar, Sehrish S. AU - McClung, Maureen R. DO - 10.1002/fee.1492 IS - 5 PY - 2017 SN - 1540-9309 SP - 237-242 ST - Land-use and ecosystem services costs of unconventional US oil and gas development T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment TI - Land-use and ecosystem services costs of unconventional US oil and gas development VL - 15 ID - 23830 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murphy, Lindsay IS - 1 PY - 2003 SP - 173-187 ST - Death of a monster: Laws may finally kill Gila River adjudication T2 - American Indian Law Review TI - Death of a monster: Laws may finally kill Gila River adjudication UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/20171718 VL - 28 ID - 23833 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Naughton, G. A. AU - Carlson, J. S. DA - 2008/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.07.009 IS - 1 KW - Children Heat Thermoregulation Exercise PY - 2008 SN - 1440-2440 SP - 58-65 ST - Reducing the risk of heat-related decrements to physical activity in young people T2 - Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport TI - Reducing the risk of heat-related decrements to physical activity in young people VL - 11 ID - 23834 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Projections of possible precipitation change in California under global warming have been subject to considerable uncertainty because California lies between the region anticipated to undergo increases in precipitation at mid-to-high latitudes and regions of anticipated decrease in the subtropics. Evaluation of the large-scale model experiments for phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) suggests a greater degree of agreement on the sign of the winter (December–February) precipitation change than in the previous such intercomparison, indicating a greater portion of California falling within the increased precipitation zone. While the resolution of global models should not be relied on for accurate depiction of topographic rainfall distribution within California, the precipitation changes depend substantially on large-scale shifts in the storm tracks arriving at the coast. Significant precipitation increases in the region arriving at the California coast are associated with an eastward extension of the region of strong Pacific jet stream, which appears to be a robust feature of the large-scale simulated changes. This suggests that effects of this jet extension in steering storm tracks toward the California coast constitute an important factor that should be assessed for impacts on incoming storm properties for high-resolution regional model assessments. AU - Neelin, J. David AU - Langenbrunner, Baird AU - Meyerson, Joyce E. AU - Hall, Alex AU - Berg, Neil DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00514.1 IS - 17 KW - North America,Climate change,Hydrology,Climate models PY - 2013 SP - 6238-6256 ST - California winter precipitation change under global warming in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Ensemble T2 - Journal of Climate TI - California winter precipitation change under global warming in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 Ensemble VL - 26 ID - 23835 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Norgaard, Kari Marie PY - 2014 SP - 77-101 ST - The politics of fire and the social impacts of fire exclusion on the Klamath T2 - Humboldt Journal of Social Relations TI - The politics of fire and the social impacts of fire exclusion on the Klamath UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/humjsocrel.36.77 VL - 36 ID - 23836 ER - TY - JOUR AU - North, M. P. AU - Stephens, S. L. AU - Collins, B. M. AU - Agee, J. K. AU - Aplet, G. AU - Franklin, J. F. AU - Fulé, P. Z. DO - 10.1126/science.aab2356 IS - 6254 PY - 2015 SP - 1280-1281 ST - Reform forest fire management T2 - Science TI - Reform forest fire management VL - 349 ID - 23837 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Groundwater pumping chronically exceeds natural recharge in many agricultural regions in California. A common method of recharging groundwater — when surface water is available — is to deliberately flood an open area, allowing water to percolate into an aquifer. However, open land suitable for this type of recharge is scarce. Flooding agricultural land during fallow or dormant periods has the potential to increase groundwater recharge substantially, but this approach has not been well studied. Using data on soils, topography and crop type, we developed a spatially explicit index of the suitability for groundwater recharge of land in all agricultural regions in California. We identified 3.6 million acres of agricultural land statewide as having Excellent or Good potential for groundwater recharge. The index provides preliminary guidance about the locations where groundwater recharge on agricultural land is likely to be feasible. A variety of institutional, infrastructure and other issues must also be addressed before this practice can be implemented widely. AU - O'Geen, A. T. AU - Saal, Matthew B. B. AU - Dahlke, Helen E. AU - Doll, David A. AU - Elkins, Rachel B. AU - Fulton, Allan AU - Fogg, Graham E. AU - Harter, Thomas AU - Hopmans, Jan W. AU - Ingels, Chuck AU - Niederholzer, Franz J. AU - Sandoval Solis, Samuel AU - Verdegaal, Paul S. AU - Walkinshaw, Mike DO - 10.3733/ca.v069n02p75 IS - 2 PY - 2015 SN - 0008-0845 SP - 75-84 ST - Soil suitability index identifies potential areas for groundwater banking on agricultural lands T2 - California Agriculture TI - Soil suitability index identifies potential areas for groundwater banking on agricultural lands VL - 69 ID - 23838 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Orem, Caitlin A. AU - Pelletier, Jon D. DO - 10.1002/2015JF003663 IS - 5 KW - post-wildfire erosion cosmogenic isotopes Valles Caldera lidar 1824 Geomorphology: general 1815 Erosion 4302 Geological PY - 2016 SN - 2169-9011 SP - 843-864 ST - The predominance of post-wildfire erosion in the long-term denudation of the Valles Caldera, New Mexico T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface TI - The predominance of post-wildfire erosion in the long-term denudation of the Valles Caldera, New Mexico VL - 121 ID - 23839 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In western North America, snowpack has declined in recent decades, and further losses are projected through the 21st century. Here, we evaluate the uniqueness of recent declines using snowpack reconstructions from 66 tree-ring chronologies in key runoff-generating areas of the Colorado, Columbia, and Missouri River drainages. Over the past millennium, late 20th century snowpack reductions are almost unprecedented in magnitude across the northern Rocky Mountains and in their north-south synchrony across the cordillera. Both the snowpack declines and their synchrony result from unparalleled springtime warming that is due to positive reinforcement of the anthropogenic warming by decadal variability. The increasing role of warming on large-scale snowpack variability and trends foreshadows fundamental impacts on streamflow and water supplies across the western United States. AU - Pederson, Gregory T. AU - Gray, Stephen T. AU - Woodhouse, Connie A. AU - Betancourt, Julio L. AU - Fagre, Daniel B. AU - Littell, Jeremy S. AU - Watson, Emma AU - Luckman, Brian H. AU - Graumlich, Lisa J. DO - 10.1126/science.1201570 IS - 6040 PY - 2011 SP - 332-335 ST - The unusual nature of recent snowpack declines in the North American cordillera T2 - Science TI - The unusual nature of recent snowpack declines in the North American cordillera VL - 333 ID - 23840 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Perry, Laura G. AU - Reynolds, Lindsay V. AU - Beechie, Timothy J. AU - Collins, Mathias J. AU - Shafroth, Patrick B. DO - 10.1002/eco.1645 IS - 5 KW - climate adaptation global change hydrology ecological restoration riparian ecosystems river management streamflow PY - 2015 SN - 1936-0592 SP - 863-879 ST - Incorporating climate change projections into riparian restoration planning and design T2 - Ecohydrology TI - Incorporating climate change projections into riparian restoration planning and design VL - 8 ID - 23841 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pozo Buil, Mercedes AU - Di Lorenzo, Emanuele DO - 10.1002/2017GL072931 IS - 9 KW - Subsurface Decadal variability California Current System Oxygen and tracers anomalies Predictability dynamics 4279 Upwelling and convergences 4283 Water masses 4513 Decadal ocean variability PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4204-4213 ST - Decadal dynamics and predictability of oxygen and subsurface tracers in the California Current System T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Decadal dynamics and predictability of oxygen and subsurface tracers in the California Current System VL - 44 ID - 23843 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Preisler, Haiganoush K. AU - Grulke, Nancy E. AU - Heath, Zachary AU - Smith, Sheri L. DA - 2017/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2017.05.039 KW - Bark beetle outbreak Drought Fuels reduction Forest planning Generalized additive models Predictive tool PY - 2017 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 166-178 ST - Analysis and out-year forecast of beetle, borer, and drought-induced tree mortality in California T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Analysis and out-year forecast of beetle, borer, and drought-induced tree mortality in California VL - 399 ID - 23844 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reed, Sasha C. AU - Coe, Kirsten K. AU - Sparks, Jed P. AU - Housman, David C. AU - Zelikova, Tamara J. AU - Belnap, Jayne DA - 07/01/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate1596 PY - 2012 SP - 752-755 ST - Changes to dryland rainfall result in rapid moss mortality and altered soil fertility T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Changes to dryland rainfall result in rapid moss mortality and altered soil fertility VL - 2 ID - 23846 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hirshon, Jon Mark AU - Alson, Roy L. AU - Blunk, David AU - Brosnan, Douglas P. AU - Epstein, Stephen K. AU - Gardner, Angela F. AU - Lum, Donald L. AU - Moskovitz, Joshua B. AU - Richardson, Lynne D. AU - Stankus, Jennifer L. AU - Kivela, Paul D. AU - Wilkerson, Dean AU - Price, Craig AU - Bromley, Marilyn AU - Calaway, Nancy AU - Geist, Marjorie AU - Gore, Laura AU - Singh, Cynthia AU - Wheeler, Gordon DO - 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.11.024 IS - 2 PY - 2014 SN - 0196-0644 SP - 100-243 ST - America's emergency care environment, a state-by-state report card T2 - Annals of Emergency Medicine TI - America's emergency care environment, a state-by-state report card VL - 63 Y2 - 2017/12/18 ID - 23847 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Water scarcity, energy consumption, and air temperature regulation are three critical resource and environmental challenges linked to urban population growth. While appliance efficiency continues to increase, today’s homes are larger and residents are using more energy-consuming devices. Recent research has often described the energy–water nexus as a “tradeoff” between energy and water due to reduced temperatures resulting from irrigated vegetation. Accordingly, some arid cities have implemented landscape-conversion programs that encourage homeowners to convert their yards from grass (mesic) to drought-tolerant (xeric) landscapes to help conserve water resources. We investigated these relationships in Phoenix, Arizona by examining energy and water data for the summer months of June–September 2005 while temperature variability was analyzed from a local heat wave. Results show parallel consumption patterns with energy and water use strongly correlated and newer homes using more of both. The counterintuitive findings show that “drought-resistant” models may not be beneficial for community health, environment, or economics and that this issue is further complicated by socio-economic variables. AU - Ruddell, Darren M. AU - Dixon, P. Grady DA - September 01 DO - 10.1007/s00484-013-0743-y IS - 7 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1432-1254 SP - 1421-1431 ST - The energy–water nexus: Are there tradeoffs between residential energy and water consumption in arid cities? T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - The energy–water nexus: Are there tradeoffs between residential energy and water consumption in arid cities? VL - 58 ID - 23849 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The atmospheric and oceanic causes of North American droughts are examined using observations and ensemble climate simulations. The models indicate that oceanic forcing of annual mean precipitation variability accounts for up to 40% of total variance in northeastern Mexico, the southern Great Plains, and the Gulf Coast states but less than 10% in central and eastern Canada. Observations and models indicate robust tropical Pacific and tropical North Atlantic forcing of annual mean precipitation and soil moisture with the most heavily influenced areas being in southwestern North America and the southern Great Plains. In these regions, individual wet and dry years, droughts, and decadal variations are well reproduced in atmosphere models forced by observed SSTs. Oceanic forcing was important in causing multiyear droughts in the 1950s and at the turn of the twenty-first century, although a similar ocean configuration in the 1970s was not associated with drought owing to an overwhelming influence of internal atmospheric variability. Up to half of the soil moisture deficits during severe droughts in the southeast United States in 2000, Texas in 2011, and the central Great Plains in 2012 were related to SST forcing, although SST forcing was an insignificant factor for northern Great Plains drought in 1988. During the early twenty-first century, natural decadal swings in tropical Pacific and North Atlantic SSTs have contributed to a dry regime for the United States. Long-term changes caused by increasing trace gas concentrations are now contributing to a modest signal of soil moisture depletion, mainly over the U.S. Southwest, thereby prolonging the duration and severity of naturally occurring droughts. AU - Seager, Richard AU - Hoerling, Martin DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-13-00329.1 IS - 12 KW - North America,Atmosphere-ocean interaction,Climate variability,Hydrometeorology PY - 2014 SP - 4581-4606 ST - Atmosphere and ocean origins of North American droughts T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Atmosphere and ocean origins of North American droughts VL - 27 ID - 23852 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sherson, Lauren R. AU - Van Horn, David J. AU - Gomez-Velez, Jesus D. AU - Crossey, Laura J. AU - Dahm, Clifford N. DO - 10.1002/hyp.10426 IS - 14 KW - nutrient dynamics continuous monitoring wildfire monsoonal storms water quality headwater streams PY - 2015 SN - 1099-1085 SP - 3193-3207 ST - Nutrient dynamics in an alpine headwater stream: Use of continuous water quality sensors to examine responses to wildfire and precipitation events T2 - Hydrological Processes TI - Nutrient dynamics in an alpine headwater stream: Use of continuous water quality sensors to examine responses to wildfire and precipitation events VL - 29 ID - 23855 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shukla, Shraddhanand AU - Safeeq, Mohammad AU - AghaKouchak, Amir AU - Guan, Kaiyu AU - Funk, Chris DO - 10.1002/2015GL063666 IS - 11 KW - California drought drought predictability 1812 Drought 1922 Forecasting PY - 2015 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 4384-4393 ST - Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Temperature impacts on the water year 2014 drought in California VL - 42 ID - 23857 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Smith, R. G. AU - Knight, R. AU - Chen, J. AU - Reeves, J. A. AU - Zebker, H. A. AU - Farr, T. AU - Liu, Z. DO - 10.1002/2016WR019861 IS - 3 KW - InSAR subsidence groundwater 1835 Hydrogeophysics 1829 Groundwater hydrology 1855 Remote sensing PY - 2017 SN - 1944-7973 SP - 2133-2148 ST - Estimating the permanent loss of groundwater storage in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California T2 - Water Resources Research TI - Estimating the permanent loss of groundwater storage in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California VL - 53 ID - 23858 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sprigg, William A. AU - Nickovic, Slobodan AU - Galgiani, John N. AU - Pejanovic, Goran AU - Petkovic, Slavko AU - Vujadinovic, Mirjam AU - Vukovic, Ana AU - Dacic, Milan AU - DiBiase, Scott AU - Prasad, Anup AU - El-Askary, Hesham DA - 2014/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.03.001 KW - Airborne dust Haboob Dust storm Forecasts Valley fever Disease surveillance PY - 2014 SN - 1875-9637 SP - 53-73 ST - Regional dust storm modeling for health services: The case of valley fever T2 - Aeolian Research TI - Regional dust storm modeling for health services: The case of valley fever VL - 14 ID - 23861 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stephens, Scott L. AU - Ruth, Lawrence W. DO - 10.1890/04-0545 IS - 2 KW - fire hazard fire suppression forest policy fuels management U.S. government policy wildfire PY - 2005 SN - 1939-5582 SP - 532-542 ST - Federal forest-fire policy in the United States T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Federal forest-fire policy in the United States VL - 15 ID - 23862 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Starrs, Paul AU - Goin, Peter C4 - 1e5f1603-ff90-4158-8ed0-22126ef90c59 PB - University of California Press PY - 2010 SN - 9780520265431 SP - 504 ST - Field Guide to California Agriculture T2 - California Natural History Guides TI - Field Guide to California Agriculture ID - 23863 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stewart, Iris T. AU - Ficklin, Darren L. AU - Carrillo, Carlos A. AU - McIntosh, Russell DA - 2015/10/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.07.043 IS - Part 1 KW - Climate change Hydrology Mountain streams Extremes Stream temperature Southwestern US PY - 2015 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 340-353 ST - 21st century increases in the likelihood of extreme hydrologic conditions for the mountainous basins of the Southwestern United States T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - 21st century increases in the likelihood of extreme hydrologic conditions for the mountainous basins of the Southwestern United States VL - 529 ID - 23864 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stewart, Joseph A. E. AU - Perrine, John D. AU - Nichols, Lyle B. AU - Thorne, James H. AU - Millar, Constance I. AU - Goehring, Kenneth E. AU - Massing, Cody P. AU - Wright, David H. DO - 10.1111/jbi.12466 IS - 5 KW - Climate change global warming historical resurvey metapopulation Ochotona princeps pika range shift species distribution modelling talus PY - 2015 SN - 1365-2699 SP - 880-890 ST - Revisiting the past to foretell the future: Summer temperature and habitat area predict pika extirpations in California T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Revisiting the past to foretell the future: Summer temperature and habitat area predict pika extirpations in California VL - 42 ID - 23865 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stewart, Julia S. AU - Field, John C. AU - Markaida, Unai AU - Gilly, William F. DA - 2013/10/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.06.005 IS - Supplement C KW - Deep scattering layer Diel vertical migration Diet Diving Humboldt squid Hypoxia Oxygen minimum zone Range expansion Satellite tagging PY - 2013 SN - 0967-0645 SP - 197-208 ST - Behavioral ecology of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in relation to oxygen minimum zones T2 - Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography TI - Behavioral ecology of jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) in relation to oxygen minimum zones VL - 95 ID - 23866 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Talati, Shuchi AU - Zhai, Haibo AU - Kyle, G. Page AU - Morgan, M. Granger AU - Patel, Pralit AU - Liu, Lu DA - 2016/11/15 DO - 10.1021/acs.est.6b01389 IS - 22 PY - 2016 SN - 0013-936X SP - 12095-12104 ST - Consumptive water use from electricity generation in the Southwest under alternative climate, technology, and policy futures T2 - Environmental Science & Technology TI - Consumptive water use from electricity generation in the Southwest under alternative climate, technology, and policy futures VL - 50 ID - 23868 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tarroja, Brian AU - AghaKouchak, Amir AU - Samuelsen, Scott DA - 2016/09/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.energy.2016.05.131 KW - Hydropower Hydroelectricity Climate change Greenhouse gas emissions Electric grid PY - 2016 SN - 0360-5442 SP - 295-305 ST - Quantifying climate change impacts on hydropower generation and implications on electric grid greenhouse gas emissions and operation T2 - Energy TI - Quantifying climate change impacts on hydropower generation and implications on electric grid greenhouse gas emissions and operation VL - 111 ID - 23869 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tingley, Morgan W. AU - Koo, Michelle S. AU - Moritz, Craig AU - Rush, Andrew C. AU - Beissinger, Steven R. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02784.x IS - 11 KW - birds California climate change elevational range shift occupancy models precipitation Sierra Nevada PY - 2012 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 3279-3290 ST - The push and pull of climate change causes heterogeneous shifts in avian elevational ranges T2 - Global Change Biology TI - The push and pull of climate change causes heterogeneous shifts in avian elevational ranges VL - 18 ID - 23871 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is an enormous challenge for our communities, our country, and our world. Recently much attention has been paid to the physical impacts of climate change, including extreme heat events, droughts, extreme storms, and rising sea levels. However, much less attention has been paid to the psychological impacts. This article examines the likely psychological impacts of climate change, including anxiety, stress, and depression; increases in violence and aggression; and loss of community identity. Nurses can play a vital role in local and regional climate strategies by preparing their patients, health care facilities, and communities to effectively address the anticipated mental health impacts of climate change. AU - Trombley, Janna AU - Chalupka, Stephanie AU - Anderko, Laura DO - 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000515232.51795.fa IS - 4 KW - climate change disasters extreme weather mental health preparedness psychological distress resilience PY - 2017 SN - 0002-936X SP - 44-52 ST - Climate change and mental health T2 - AJN The American Journal of Nursing TI - Climate change and mental health VL - 117 ID - 23874 ER - TY - JOUR AU - van Mantgem, Phillip J. AU - Caprio, Anthony C. AU - Stephenson, Nathan L. AU - Das, Adrian J. DO - 10.4996/fireecology.1201013 IS - 1 PY - 2016 SN - 1933-9747 SP - 13-25 ST - Does prescribed fire promote resistance to drought in low elevation forests of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA? T2 - Fire Ecology: The Journal of the Association for Fire Ecology TI - Does prescribed fire promote resistance to drought in low elevation forests of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA? VL - 12 ID - 23875 ER - TY - JOUR AU - van Mantgem, Phillip J. AU - Lalemand, Laura B. AU - Keifer, MaryBeth AU - Kane, Jeffrey M. DA - 2016/11/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.07.028 KW - Fire effects Fire modeling Forest management Fuels treatments PY - 2016 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 265-272 ST - Duration of fuels reduction following prescribed fire in coniferous forests of U.S. national parks in California and the Colorado Plateau T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Duration of fuels reduction following prescribed fire in coniferous forests of U.S. national parks in California and the Colorado Plateau VL - 379 ID - 23876 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Van Pelt, Robert AU - Sillett, Stephen C. AU - Kruse, William A. AU - Freund, James A. AU - Kramer, Russell D. DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.018 KW - Old growth Forest structure Biomass LAI Leaf area Carbon sequestration LiDAR Emergent trees Heartwood Allometric equations Light-use complementarity PY - 2016 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 279-308 ST - Emergent crowns and light-use complementarity lead to global maximum biomass and leaf area in Sequoia sempervirens forests T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Emergent crowns and light-use complementarity lead to global maximum biomass and leaf area in Sequoia sempervirens forests VL - 375 ID - 23877 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vins, Holly AU - Bell, Jesse AU - Saha, Shubhayu AU - Hess, Jeremy DO - 10.3390/ijerph121013251 IS - 10 PY - 2015 SN - 1660-4601 SP - 13251 ST - The mental health outcomes of drought: A systematic review and causal process diagram T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health TI - The mental health outcomes of drought: A systematic review and causal process diagram VL - 12 ID - 23879 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ward, Frank A. DA - 2014/01/16/ DO - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.10.024 KW - Irrigation Drought adaptation Salinity River basin Water conservation programs PY - 2014 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 114-127 ST - Economic impacts on irrigated agriculture of water conservation programs in drought T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Economic impacts on irrigated agriculture of water conservation programs in drought VL - 508 ID - 23880 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ward, Frank A. AU - Crawford, Terry L. DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.06.057 KW - Food security Climate Irrigation Institutions Policy PY - 2016 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 757-773 ST - Economic performance of irrigation capacity development to adapt to climate in the American Southwest T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Economic performance of irrigation capacity development to adapt to climate in the American Southwest VL - 540 ID - 23881 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change and fire suppression have altered fire regimes globally, leading to larger, more frequent, and more severe wildfires. Responses of coldwater stream biota to single wildfires are well studied, but measured responses to consecutive wildfires in warmwater systems that often include mixed assemblages of native and nonnative taxa are lacking. We quantified changes in physical habitat, resource availability, and biomass of cold- and warmwater oligochaetes, insects, crayfish, fishes, and tadpoles following consecutive megafires (covering >100 km2) in the upper Gila River, New Mexico, USA. We were particularly interested in comparing responses of native and nonnative fishes that might have evolved under different disturbance regimes. Changes in habitat and resource availability were related to cumulative fire effects, fire size, and postfire precipitation. The 2nd of 2 consecutive wildfires in the basin was larger and, coupled with moderate postfire discharge, resulted in increased siltation and decreased algal biomass. Several insect taxa responded to these fires with reduced biomass, whereas oligochaete biomass was unaffected. Biomass of 6 of 7 native fish species decreased after the fires, and decreases were associated with site proximity to fire. Nonnative fish decreases after fire were most pronounced for coldwater salmonids, and warmwater nonnative fishes exhibited limited responses. All crayfish and tadpoles collected were nonnative and were unresponsive to fire disturbance. More pronounced responses of native insects and fishes to fires indicate that increasing fire size and frequency threatens the persistence of native fauna and suggests that management activities promoting ecosystem resilience might help ameliorate wildfire effects. AU - Whitney, James E. AU - Gido, Keith B. AU - Pilger, Tyler J. AU - Propst, David L. AU - Turner, Thomas F. DO - 10.1086/683391 IS - 4 KW - mega-fire,native fish,invasive species,macroinvertebrates,warmwater stream,disturbance, ash flows PY - 2015 SP - 1510-1526 ST - Consecutive wildfires affect stream biota in cold- and warmwater dryland river networks T2 - Freshwater Science TI - Consecutive wildfires affect stream biota in cold- and warmwater dryland river networks VL - 34 ID - 23883 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Maldonado, Julie Koppel A2 - Colombi, Benedict A2 - Pandya, Rajul AB - This special issue of Climatic Change, dedicated to the examination of impacts of climate change on indigenous peoples and their homelands, and proposed strategies of adaptation, constitutes a compelling and timely report on what is happening in Native homelands and communities. Indigenous peoples and marginalized populations are particularly exposed and sensitive to climate change impacts due to their resource-based livelihoods and the location of their homes in vulnerable environments. AU - Wildcat, Daniel R. C4 - 1dd3d472-0bf3-4fa6-8b2b-2f62745680b5 CY - Cham DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-05266-3_1 PB - Springer International Publishing PY - 2014 SN - 978-3-319-05266-3 SP - 1-7 ST - Introduction: Climate change and indigenous peoples of the USA T2 - Climate Change and Indigenous Peoples in the United States: Impacts, Experiences and Actions TI - Introduction: Climate change and indigenous peoples of the USA ID - 23884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilder, Margaret AU - Liverman, Diana AU - Bellante, Laurel AU - Osborne, Tracey DA - 2016/11/01 DO - 10.1080/13549839.2015.1116063 IS - 11 PY - 2016 SN - 1354-9839 SP - 1332-1353 ST - Southwest climate gap: Poverty and environmental justice in the US Southwest T2 - Local Environment TI - Southwest climate gap: Poverty and environmental justice in the US Southwest VL - 21 ID - 23885 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Woodhouse, C. A. AU - Meko, D. M. AU - Griffin, D. AU - Castro, C. L. DO - 10.1002/wrcr.20098 IS - 2 KW - Rio Grande basin drought impacts dendrochronology North American monsoon 1812 Drought 1833 Hydroclimatology 3335 North American Monsoon 3344 Paleoclimatology PY - 2013 SN - 1944-7973 SP - 844-850 ST - Tree rings and multiseason drought variability in the lower Rio Grande Basin, USA T2 - Water Resources Research TI - Tree rings and multiseason drought variability in the lower Rio Grande Basin, USA VL - 49 ID - 23886 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Woodhouse, Connie A. AU - Pederson, Gregory T. AU - Morino, Kiyomi AU - McAfee, Stephanie A. AU - McCabe, Gregory J. DO - 10.1002/2015GL067613 IS - 5 KW - Colorado River Basin warming temperatures water year streamflow soil moisture 1812 Drought 1860 Streamflow 1833 Hydroclimatology 3305 Climate change and variability 3354 Precipitation PY - 2016 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 2174-2181 ST - Increasing influence of air temperature on upper Colorado River streamflow T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Increasing influence of air temperature on upper Colorado River streamflow VL - 43 ID - 23887 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Worfolk, Jean B. DA - 2000/03/01/ DO - 10.1067/mgn.2000.107131 IS - 2 PY - 2000 SN - 0197-4572 SP - 70-77 ST - Heat waves: Their impact on the health of elders T2 - Geriatric Nursing TI - Heat waves: Their impact on the health of elders VL - 21 ID - 23888 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Writer, Jeffrey H. AU - Hohner, Amanda AU - Oropeza, Jill AU - Schmidt, Amanda AU - Cawley, Kaelin M. AU - Rosario-Ortiz, Fernando L. DO - 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0055 IS - 4 PY - 2014 SP - E189-E199 ST - Water treatment implications after the High Park Wildfire, Colorado T2 - Journal—American Water Works Association TI - Water treatment implications after the High Park Wildfire, Colorado VL - 106 ID - 23889 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yardley, Jane E. AU - Stapleton, Jill M. AU - Sigal, Ronald J. AU - Kenny, Glen P. DA - 2013/06/01 DO - 10.1089/dia.2012.0324 IS - 6 PY - 2013 SN - 1520-9156 SP - 520-529 ST - Do heat events pose a greater health risk for individuals with Type 2 diabetes? T2 - Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics TI - Do heat events pose a greater health risk for individuals with Type 2 diabetes? VL - 15 Y2 - 2018/01/03 ID - 23890 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Young, Allison M. AU - Skelly, Klint T. AU - Cordeira, Jason M. DO - 10.1002/2017GL073077 IS - 7 KW - atmospheric river flood flash flood debris flow 1840 Hydrometeorology 1821 Floods 1817 Extreme events 1854 Precipitation 3364 Synoptic-scale meteorology PY - 2017 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 3393-3401 ST - High-impact hydrologic events and atmospheric rivers in California: An investigation using the NCEI Storm Events Database T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - High-impact hydrologic events and atmospheric rivers in California: An investigation using the NCEI Storm Events Database VL - 44 ID - 23891 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yurok Wildland Fire Crew IS - June PY - 2014 SP - 2-4 ST - Fire council ignites long term burn plan T2 - Yorok Today: The Voice of the Yurok People TI - Fire council ignites long term burn plan UR - http://www.yuroktribe.org/documents/2014_june.pdf ID - 23892 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziegler, Carol AU - Morelli, Vincent AU - Fawibe, Omotayo DA - 2017/03/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.pop.2016.09.017 IS - 1 KW - Climate change Global warming Greenhouse gases Greenhouse gas emissions Patient education PY - 2017 SN - 0095-4543 SP - 171-184 ST - Climate change and underserved communities T2 - Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice TI - Climate change and underserved communities VL - 44 ID - 23895 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziska, Lewis H. AU - Beggs, Paul J. DA - 2012/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.10.032 IS - 1 KW - Climate change aerobiology pollen allergen allergic rhinitis asthma exposure PY - 2012 SN - 0091-6749 SP - 27-32 ST - Anthropogenic climate change and allergen exposure: The role of plant biology T2 - Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology TI - Anthropogenic climate change and allergen exposure: The role of plant biology VL - 129 ID - 23896 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Yurok Tribe CY - [Klamath, CA] PB - Yurok Tribe PY - 2013 SP - 52 ST - Yurok Tribe Sustainable Forest Project: Climate Action Reserve (CAR) 777 TI - Yurok Tribe Sustainable Forest Project: Climate Action Reserve (CAR) 777 UR - http://www.yuroktribe.org/departments/forestry/Documents/PDDCAR777v86-27-13.pdf ID - 23897 ER - TY - WEB AU - WMO CY - Tempe, AZ PB - World Meteorological Organization (hosted by Arizona State University) PY - 2017 ST - World Weather & Climate Extremes Archive TI - World Weather & Climate Extremes Archive UR - https://wmo.asu.edu/ ID - 23898 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - King, Brian A2 - Crews, Kelley A. AU - Wilhelmi, Olga AU - De Sherbinin, Alex AU - Hayden, Mary C4 - d8c02480-fd9d-40a0-96e2-8432fc460329 CY - Oxon, UK and New York NY PB - Routledge PY - 2013 SE - 12 SN - 978-0-415-59066-2 SP - 219-238 ST - Exposure to heat stress in urban environments SV - Routledge Studies in Human Geography 41 T2 - Ecologies and Politics of Health TI - Exposure to heat stress in urban environments ID - 23899 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Vincent, Carol Hardy AU - Hanson, Laura A. AU - Argueta, Carla N. CY - Washington, DC NV - CRS Report for Congress, R42346 PB - Congressional Research Service PY - 2017 SP - 25 ST - Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data TI - Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data UR - https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=799426 ID - 23901 ER - TY - RPRT AU - van Riper, Charles, III AU - Hatten, James R. AU - Giermakowski, J. Tom AU - Mattson, David AU - Holmes, Jennifer A. AU - Johnson, Matthew J. AU - Nowak, Erika M. AU - Ironside, Kirsten AU - Peters, Michael AU - Heinrich, Paul AU - Cole, K. L. AU - Truettner, C. AU - Schwalbe, Cecil R. CY - Reston, VA DO - 10.3133/ofr20141050 NV - Open-File Report 2014–1050 PB - U.S. Geological Survey PY - 2014 SP - 100 ST - Projecting Climate Effects on Birds and Reptiles of the Southwestern United States TI - Projecting Climate Effects on Birds and Reptiles of the Southwestern United States ID - 23902 ER - TY - WEB AU - U.S. Geological Survey CY - Reston, VA PB - U.S. Geological Survey PY - 2011 ST - Gap Analysis Program (GAP): National Land Cover, Version 2. TI - Gap Analysis Program (GAP): National Land Cover, Version 2. UR - https://gapanalysis.usgs.gov/gaplandcover/data/ ID - 23903 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EIA CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) PY - 2017 SP - 25 ST - Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions at the State Level, 2000-2014 TI - Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions at the State Level, 2000-2014 UR - https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/state/analysis/ ID - 23904 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EIA CY - Washington, DC N1 - Broader web site: https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php?sid=US#Production PB - U.S. Energy Information Administration PY - 2017 RP - Broader web site: https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/seds-data-complete.php?sid=US#Production SP - 1 ST - State Energy Data System (SEDS): 1960-2015. Table P2. Primary Energy Production Estimates in Trillion Btu, 2015 TI - State Energy Data System (SEDS): 1960-2015. Table P2. Primary Energy Production Estimates in Trillion Btu, 2015 UR - https://www.eia.gov/state/seds/sep_prod/pdf/P2.pdf ID - 23905 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bureau of Indian Affairs DA - January 17 PY - 2017 SP - 4915-4920 ST - Indian entities recognized and eligible to receive services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs T2 - Federal Register TI - Indian entities recognized and eligible to receive services from the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs UR - https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/17/2017-00912/indian-entities-recognized-and-eligible-to-receive-services-from-the-united-states-bureau-of-indian VL - 82 ID - 23906 ER - TY - WEB AU - DOE CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) PY - 2017 ST - Tribal energy projects database TI - Tribal energy projects database UR - https://energy.gov/indianenergy/maps/tribal-energy-projects-database ID - 23907 ER - TY - RPRT AU - USDA CY - Washington, DC NV - AC-12-S-8 PB - USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service PY - 2015 SP - [23] ST - 2012 Census of Agriculture: Specialty Crops TI - 2012 Census of Agriculture: Specialty Crops UR - https://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2012/Online_Resources/Specialty_Crops/SCROPS.pdf ID - 23908 ER - TY - WEB AU - U.S. Census Bureau CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division PY - 2017 ST - Monthly Population Estimates for the United States: April 1, 2010 to December 1, 2017 TI - Monthly Population Estimates for the United States: April 1, 2010 to December 1, 2017 UR - https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk ID - 23909 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Norris, Tina AU - Vines, Paula L. AU - Hoeffel, Elizabeth M. CY - Washington, DC NV - C2010BR-10 PB - U.S. Census Bureau PY - 2012 ST - The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010 T2 - 2010 Census Briefs TI - The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010 UR - https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2012/dec/c2010br-10.html ID - 23910 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation PY - 2017 SP - 1 ST - Lake Mead Annual High and Low Elevations (1935-2017) TI - Lake Mead Annual High and Low Elevations (1935-2017) UR - https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g4000/lakemead_line.pdf ID - 23911 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Denver, CO PB - Bureau of Reclamation, Policy and Administration PY - 2016 SP - [various] ST - SECURE Water Act Section 9503(c)—Reclamation Climate Change and Water 2016. Prepared for U.S. Congress TI - SECURE Water Act Section 9503(c)—Reclamation Climate Change and Water 2016. Prepared for U.S. Congress UR - https://www.usbr.gov/climate/secure/ ID - 23912 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Boulder City, NV PB - U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Moving Forward effort PY - 2015 SP - various ST - Colorado River Basin Stakeholders Moving Forward to Address Challenges Identified in the Colorado River Basin Water Supply and Demand Study. Phase 1 Report TI - Colorado River Basin Stakeholders Moving Forward to Address Challenges Identified in the Colorado River Basin Water Supply and Demand Study. Phase 1 Report UR - https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/programs/crbstudy/MovingForward/Phase1Report.html ID - 23913 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation N1 - URL isn't full report--appendices separate files. No common web site. See right column of https://www.usbr.gov/watersmart/wcra/ PB - U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Upper Colorado Region PY - 2013 RP - URL isn't full report--appendices separate files. No common web site. See right column of https://www.usbr.gov/watersmart/wcra/ SP - 138+ ST - West-Wide Climate Risk Assessment: Upper Rio Grande Impact Assessment TI - West-Wide Climate Risk Assessment: Upper Rio Grande Impact Assessment UR - https://www.usbr.gov/watersmart/wcra/docs/urgia/URGIAMainReport.pdf ID - 23914 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Steward, Darlene AU - Doris, E. AU - Krasko, V. AU - Hillman, D. CY - Golden, CO NV - NREL/TP-7A40-61029 PB - National Renewable Energy Laboratory PY - 2014 SP - 47 ST - The Effectiveness of State-Level Policies on Solar Market Development in Different State Contexts TI - The Effectiveness of State-Level Policies on Solar Market Development in Different State Contexts UR - https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy14osti/61029.pdf ID - 23916 ER - TY - GOVDOC AU - State of California CY - Sacramento, CA PB - State of California, Executive Department PY - 2017 SP - 4 TI - Executive Order B-40-17 (Terminating the January 17, 2014 Drought State of Emergency in all California Counties Except Fresno, Kings, Tulare, and Tuolumne) UR - https://www.gov.ca.gov/docs/4.7.17_Exec_Order_B-40-17.pdf ID - 23917 ER - TY - RPRT AU - State of California CY - Sacramento, CA PB - California Governor’s Office of Emergency Services PY - 2014 SP - 61 ST - Contingency Plan for Excessive Heat Emergencies TI - Contingency Plan for Excessive Heat Emergencies UR - http://www.caloes.ca.gov/PlanningPreparednessSite/Documents/ExcessiveHeatContingencyPlan2014.pdf ID - 23918 ER - TY - WEB AU - State of California CY - Sacramento, CA PB - State of California, Office of Governor PY - 2014 ST - A Proclamation of a State of Emergency [April 25, 2014] TI - A Proclamation of a State of Emergency [April 25, 2014] UR - https://www.gov.ca.gov/news.php?id=18496 ID - 23919 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - USGCRP AU - Smith, Joel B. AU - Richels, Richard AU - Miller, Barbara C4 - 8c622c97-0a72-48dc-b899-a6a3cced9b1d CY - Cambridge, UK and New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2001 SE - 8 SP - 219-249 ST - Potential consequences of climate variaility and change for the western United States T2 - Climate Change Impacts on the United States: The Potential Consequences of Climate Variability and Change TI - Potential consequences of climate variaility and change for the western United States ID - 23920 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Sloan, Kathleen AU - Hostler, Joe CY - Kalamath, CA PB - Yurok Tribe Environmental Program PY - 2014 SP - 17 ST - Utilizing Yurok Traditional Ecological Knowledge to Inform Climate Change Priorities TI - Utilizing Yurok Traditional Ecological Knowledge to Inform Climate Change Priorities UR - https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/548634e8e4b02acb4f0c7f72 ID - 23921 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Roach, M. AU - Brown, Heidi AU - Wilder, Margaret AU - Smith, G. AU - Chambers, S. AU - Patten, I. AU - Rabby, Q. CY - Tucson, AZ PB - Climate Assessment for the Southwest (CLIMAS) PY - 2017 ST - Assessment of Climate and Health Impacts on Vector-Borne Diseases and Valley Fever in Arizona. Report for the Arizona Department of Health Services and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Climate-Ready States and Cities Initiative. TI - Assessment of Climate and Health Impacts on Vector-Borne Diseases and Valley Fever in Arizona. Report for the Arizona Department of Health Services and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Climate-Ready States and Cities Initiative. UR - https://www.climas.arizona.edu/publication/report/assessment-climate-and-health-impacts-vector-borne-diseases-and-valley-fever-0 ID - 23923 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rising Voices CY - Boulder, CO PB - University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR) PY - 2014 SP - 21 ST - Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability: Bringing Together Science and Indigenous Ways of Knowing to Create Positive Solutions (Rising Voices 2 Workshop Report) TI - Adaptation to Climate Change and Variability: Bringing Together Science and Indigenous Ways of Knowing to Create Positive Solutions (Rising Voices 2 Workshop Report) UR - https://risingvoices.ucar.edu/sites/default/files/rv2_full_workshop_report_2014.pdf ID - 23924 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Salmon Technical Team (STT) CY - Portland, OR PB - Pacific Fishery Management Council PY - 2017 SP - 132 ST - Preseason Report I: Stock Abundance Analysis and Environmental Assessment Part 1 for 2017 Ocean Salmon Fishery Regulations. Regulation Identifier Number 0648-BG59 TI - Preseason Report I: Stock Abundance Analysis and Environmental Assessment Part 1 for 2017 Ocean Salmon Fishery Regulations. Regulation Identifier Number 0648-BG59 UR - https://www.pcouncil.org/salmon/stock-assessment-and-fishery-evaluation-safe-documents/preseason-reports/2017-preseason-report-i/ ID - 23926 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Salmon Technical Team (STT) CY - Portland, OR PB - Pacific Fishery Management Council PY - 2017 SP - 343 ST - Review of 2016 Ocean Salmon Fisheries. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) document TI - Review of 2016 Ocean Salmon Fisheries. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) document UR - https://www.pcouncil.org/salmon/stock-assessment-and-fishery-evaluation-safe-documents/review-of-2016-ocean-salmon-fisheries/ ID - 23927 ER - TY - CPAPER A2 - Merenlender, Adina A2 - McCreary, Douglas A2 - Purcell, Kathryn L. AU - Ortiz, Beverly R. C1 - Albany, CA CY - Rohnert Park, CA N1 - General Technical Report PSW-GTR-217 PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture PY - 2008 SP - 39-56 T2 - Sixth Symposium on Oak Woodlands: Today's Challenges, Tomorrow's Opportunities TI - Contemporary California Indians, oaks, and sudden oak death (Phytophthora ramorum) UR - https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr217/psw_gtr217_39.pdf ID - 23928 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Norgaard, Kari Marie AU - Vinyeta, Kirsten AU - Hillman, Leaf AU - Tripp, Bill AU - Lake, Frank CY - Happy Camp, CA PB - Karuk Tribe, Department of Natural Resources PY - 2016 SP - 205 ST - Karuk Tribe Climate Vulnerability Assessment: Assessing Vulnerabilities from the Increased Frequency of High Severity Fire TI - Karuk Tribe Climate Vulnerability Assessment: Assessing Vulnerabilities from the Increased Frequency of High Severity Fire UR - https://karuktribeclimatechangeprojects.wordpress.com/climate-vulnerabilty-assessment/ ID - 23929 ER - TY - WEB AU - NOAA CY - Silver Spring, MD PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service PY - 2017 ST - Mean sea level trend: 9410170 San Diego, California TI - Mean sea level trend: 9410170 San Diego, California UR - https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends_station.shtml?stnid=9410170 ID - 23930 ER - TY - WEB AU - NOAA CY - Silver Spring, MD PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), National Ocean Service PY - 2017 ST - Mean sea level trend: 9414290 San Francisco, California TI - Mean sea level trend: 9414290 San Francisco, California UR - https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/sltrends/sltrends_station.shtml?stnid=9414290 ID - 23931 ER - TY - RPRT AU - NOAA CY - Charleston, SC PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of Coastal Management PY - 2017 SP - 23 ST - NOAA Report on the U.S. Ocean and Great Lakes Economy TI - NOAA Report on the U.S. Ocean and Great Lakes Economy UR - https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/training/econreport.html ID - 23932 ER - TY - RPRT AU - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) CY - Washington, DC M1 - NOAA/PA 71046 PB - U.S. Government Printing Office PY - 1975 SP - 2 ST - The Coastline of the United States TI - The Coastline of the United States UR - https://archive.org/details/coastlineofunite00unit ID - 23934 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Medellín-Azuara, Josué AU - MacEwan, Duncan AU - Howitt, Richard E. AU - Sumner, Daniel A. AU - Lund, Jay R. CY - Davis, CA PB - University of California-Davis, Center for Watershed Sciences PY - 2016 SP - 17 ST - Economic Analysis of the 2016 California Drought on Agriculture TI - Economic Analysis of the 2016 California Drought on Agriculture UR - https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/droughtimpacts ID - 23936 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Mai, Trieu AU - Wiser, Ryan AU - Barbose, Galen AU - Bird, Lori AU - Heeter, Jenny AU - Keyser, David AU - Krishnan, Venkat AU - Macknick, Jordan AU - Millstein, Dev CY - Golden, CO NV - NREL/TP-6A20-67455; LBNL-1006962 PB - National Renewable Energy Laboratory PY - 2016 SP - 58 ST - A Prospective Analysis of the Costs, Benefits, and Impacts of U.S. Renewable Portfolio Standards TI - A Prospective Analysis of the Costs, Benefits, and Impacts of U.S. Renewable Portfolio Standards UR - https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/67455.pdf ID - 23937 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Largier, John AU - Cheng, Brian AU - Higgason, Kelley CY - Silver Spring, MD NV - Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series ONMS-11-04 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries PY - 2011 SP - 121 ST - Climate Change Impacts: Gulf of the Farallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries TI - Climate Change Impacts: Gulf of the Farallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries UR - https://nmssanctuaries.blob.core.windows.net/sanctuaries-prod/media/archive/science/conservation/pdfs/gf_cbnms_climate_report.pdf ID - 23938 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Long, Jonathan W. A2 - Quinn-Davidson, Lenya N. A2 - Skinner, Carl N. AU - Lake, Frank K. AU - Long, Jonathan W. C4 - 13af7e4d-9182-43bf-b557-c2a7615ece38 CY - Albany, CA PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Pacific Southwest Research Station PY - 2014 SE - 4.2 SP - 173-186 ST - Fire and tribal cultural resources SV - PSW-GTR-247 T2 - Science Synthesis to Support Socioecological Resilience in the Sierra Nevada and Southern Cascade Range TI - Fire and tribal cultural resources UR - https://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_gtr247/chapters/psw_gtr247_chapter4_2.pdf ID - 23939 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kunkel, Ken AU - Frankson, R. AU - Runkle, Jennifer AU - Champion, Sarah AU - Stevens, Laura AU - Easterling, David AU - Stewart, Brooke CY - Asheville, NC NV - NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 149 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Environmental Information PY - 2017 SP - [various] ST - State Climate Summaries for the United States TI - State Climate Summaries for the United States UR - https://statesummaries.ncics.org/ ID - 23940 ER - TY - RPRT AU - IBWC CY - Coronado, CA PB - International Boundary and Water Commission (IBWC) [United States and Mexico] PY - 2012 SP - 19 ST - Minute 319: Interim International Cooperative Measures in the Colorado River Basin through 2017 and Extension of Minute 318 Cooperative Measures to Address the Continued Effects of the April 2010 Earthquake in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California TI - Minute 319: Interim International Cooperative Measures in the Colorado River Basin through 2017 and Extension of Minute 318 Cooperative Measures to Address the Continued Effects of the April 2010 Earthquake in the Mexicali Valley, Baja California UR - https://www.ibwc.gov/Files/Minutes/Minute_319.pdf ID - 23943 ER - TY - RPRT AU - TCCP CY - Eugene, OR PB - Tribal Climate Change Profile (TCCP) Project, University of Oregon PY - 2013 SP - 6 ST - Tribal Climate Change Profile. Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians: Climate Change and Environmental Management Programs TI - Tribal Climate Change Profile. Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians: Climate Change and Environmental Management Programs UR - http://www7.nau.edu/itep/main/tcc/docs/tribes/tribes_Chumash.pdf ID - 23944 ER - TY - RPRT AU - ITEP CY - Flagstaff, AZ PB - Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP), Northern Arizona University PY - 2013 SP - 4 ST - Tribal Climate Change Profile. Fort McDowell Yavapai: Harnessing Solar Power for Energy Independence and Utilities Savings TI - Tribal Climate Change Profile. Fort McDowell Yavapai: Harnessing Solar Power for Energy Independence and Utilities Savings UR - http://www7.nau.edu/itep/main/tcc/docs/tribes/tribes_FtMcDYavapai.pdf ID - 23945 ER - TY - RPRT AU - ITEP CY - Flagstaff, AZ PB - Institute for Tribal Environmental Professionals (ITEP), Northern Arizona University PY - [2012] SP - 2 ST - Climate Change and Invasive Species: What It Means to Tribes and How We Can Adapt TI - Climate Change and Invasive Species: What It Means to Tribes and How We Can Adapt UR - http://www7.nau.edu/itep/main/tcc/docs/resources/om_InvasiveSpeciesFactSheet_081512.pdf ID - 23946 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hutto, Sara V. AU - Higgason, Kelley D. AU - Kershner, Jessi M. AU - Reynier, Whitney A. AU - Gregg, Darrell S. CY - Silver Spring, MD NV - Marine Sanctuaries Conservation Series ONMS-15-02 PB - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries PY - 2015 SP - 475 ST - Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the North-central California Coast and Ocean TI - Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for the North-central California Coast and Ocean UR - https://nmssanctuaries.blob.core.windows.net/sanctuaries-prod/media/archive/science/conservation/pdfs/vulnerability-assessment-gfnms.pdf ID - 23947 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Howitt, Richard AU - MacEwan, Duncan AU - Medellín-Azuara, Josué AU - Lund, Jay AU - Sumner, Daniel CY - Davis, CA PB - University of California-Davis, Center for Watershed Sciences PY - 2015 SP - 28 ST - Economic Analysis of the 2015 Drought for California Agriculture TI - Economic Analysis of the 2015 Drought for California Agriculture UR - https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/files/biblio/Final_Drought%20Report_08182015_Full_Report_WithAppendices.pdf ID - 23948 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Griggs, Gary AU - Árvai, Joseph AU - Cayan, Dan AU - DeConto, Robert AU - Fox, Jenn AU - Fricker, Helen Amanda AU - Kopp, Robert E. AU - Tebaldi, Claudia AU - Whiteman, Elizabeth A. CY - Oakland, CA PB - California Ocean Science Trust PY - 2017 SP - 71 ST - Rising Seas in California: An Update on Sea-Level Rise Science TI - Rising Seas in California: An Update on Sea-Level Rise Science UR - http://www.opc.ca.gov/webmaster/ftp/pdf/docs/rising-seas-in-california-an-update-on-sea-level-rise-science.pdf ID - 23950 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Goode, Ron W. CY - Clovis, CA PB - Eagle Eye Enterprises PY - 2013 SP - 5 ST - Burning Down to the Village TI - Burning Down to the Village UR - http://www.water.ca.gov/waterplan/docs/tac/Burning%20Down%20to%20the%20Village.pdf ID - 23951 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Flessa, Karl AU - Kendy, Eloise AU - Schlatter, Karen CY - Tucson, AZ PB - University of Arizona (for the International Boundary and Water Commission) PY - 2016 SP - 78 ST - Minute 319: Colorado River Limitrophe and Delta Environmental Flows Monitoring. Interim Report TI - Minute 319: Colorado River Limitrophe and Delta Environmental Flows Monitoring. Interim Report UR - https://www.ibwc.gov/Files/Minutes%20319/2016_EFM_InterimReport_Min319.pdf ID - 23954 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Anderson, Terry AU - Elias, Emile AU - Steele, Caiti AU - Havstad, Kris AU - Steenwerth, Kerri AU - Chambers, Jeanne AU - Deswood, Helena AU - Kerr, Amber AU - Rango, Albert AU - Schwartz, Mark AU - Stine, Peter AU - Steele, Rachel CY - Washington, DC NV - Miscellaneaous publication PB - U.S. Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Research Station PY - 2015 SP - 76 ST - Southwest Regional Climate Hub and California Subsidiary Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies TI - Southwest Regional Climate Hub and California Subsidiary Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies UR - https://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs_journals/2015/rmrs_2015_elias_e001.pdf ID - 23955 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Cooley, Heather AU - Cohen, Michael AU - Phurisamban, Rapichan AU - Gruère, Guillaume CY - Paris DO - 10.1787/5jlr3bx95v48-en NV - OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Papers No. 96 PB - OECD Publishing PY - 2016 SP - 29 ST - Water Risk Hotspots for Agriculture: The Case of the Southwest United States TI - Water Risk Hotspots for Agriculture: The Case of the Southwest United States ID - 23956 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Lane, Nic CY - Washington, DC NV - Order Code RL34466 PB - Congressional Research Service (CRS) PY - 2008 SP - 10 ST - The Bureau of Reclamation’s Aging Infrastructure. CRS Report for Congress TI - The Bureau of Reclamation’s Aging Infrastructure. CRS Report for Congress UR - https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20080430_RL34466_999c4f1e853858e3c312f08c1888d8b83929d19b.pdf ID - 23957 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CMG Landscape Architecture CY - San Francisco PB - CMG Landscape Architecture PY - 2016 SP - 80 ST - Crissy Field + Sea Level Rise-Up: Presentation to Community Workshop TI - Crissy Field + Sea Level Rise-Up: Presentation to Community Workshop UR - https://issuu.com/parks-conservancy/docs/crissy_field_sea_level_rise_analysi ID - 23958 ER - TY - RPRT AU - City of San Francisco CY - San Francisco, CA N1 - Broader web site: http://sf-planning.org/sea-level-rise-action-plan PB - City and County of San Francisco PY - 2016 RP - Broader web site: http://sf-planning.org/sea-level-rise-action-plan SP - various ST - Sea Level Rise Action Plan TI - Sea Level Rise Action Plan UR - http://default.sfplanning.org/plans-and-programs/planning-for-the-city/sea-level-rise/160309_SLRAP_Final_ED.pdf ID - 23959 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Chavez, Francisco P. AU - Costello, Christopher AU - Aseltine-Neilson, Debbie AU - Doremus, Holly AU - Field, John C. AU - Gaines, Steve D. AU - Hall-Arber, Madeleine AU - Mantua, Nathan J. AU - Pomeroy, Carrie AU - Sievanen, Leila AU - Sydeman, William AU - Wayne-McCovey, Barry AU - Wheeler, Sarah A. CY - Oakland, CA N1 - Broader web site: http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/projects/climate-change-and-california-fisheries/ PB - California Ocean Science Trust PY - 2017 RP - Broader web site: http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/projects/climate-change-and-california-fisheries/ SP - 58 ST - Readying California Fisheries for Climate Change TI - Readying California Fisheries for Climate Change UR - http://www.oceansciencetrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Climate-and-Fisheries_GuidanceDoc.pdf ID - 23960 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coopersmith, E. J. AU - Bell, J. E. AU - Benedict, K. AU - Shriber, J. AU - McCotter, O. AU - Cosh, M. H. DO - 10.1002/2016GH000033 IS - 1 KW - coccidioidomycosis valley fever soil moisture machine learning modeling 1719 Hydrology 1866 Soil moisture 1894 Instruments and techniques: modeling 1984 Statistical methods: Descriptive 1914 Data mining PY - 2017 SN - 2471-1403 SP - 51-63 ST - Relating coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) incidence to soil moisture conditions T2 - GeoHealth TI - Relating coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) incidence to soil moisture conditions VL - 1 ID - 24132 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Global warming is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of droughts in the twenty-first century, but the relative contributions from changes in moisture supply (precipitation) versus evaporative demand (potential evapotranspiration; PET) have not been comprehensively assessed. Using output from a suite of general circulation model (GCM) simulations from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, projected twenty-first century drying and wetting trends are investigated using two offline indices of surface moisture balance: the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). PDSI and SPEI projections using precipitation and Penman-Monteith based PET changes from the GCMs generally agree, showing robust cross-model drying in western North America, Central America, the Mediterranean, southern Africa, and the Amazon and robust wetting occurring in the Northern Hemisphere high latitudes and east Africa (PDSI only). The SPEI is more sensitive to PET changes than the PDSI, especially in arid regions such as the Sahara and Middle East. Regional drying and wetting patterns largely mirror the spatially heterogeneous response of precipitation in the models, although drying in the PDSI and SPEI calculations extends beyond the regions of reduced precipitation. This expansion of drying areas is attributed to globally widespread increases in PET, caused by increases in surface net radiation and the vapor pressure deficit. Increased PET not only intensifies drying in areas where precipitation is already reduced, it also drives areas into drought that would otherwise experience little drying or even wetting from precipitation trends alone. This PET amplification effect is largest in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, and is especially pronounced in western North America, Europe, and southeast China. Compared to PDSI projections using precipitation changes only, the projections incorporating both precipitation and PET changes increase the percentage of global land area projected to experience at least moderate drying (PDSI standard deviation of ≤−1) by the end of the twenty-first century from 12 to 30 %. PET induced moderate drying is even more severe in the SPEI projections (SPEI standard deviation of ≤−1; 11 to 44 %), although this is likely less meaningful because much of the PET induced drying in the SPEI occurs in the aforementioned arid regions. Integrated accounting of both the supply and demand sides of the surface moisture balance is therefore critical for characterizing the full range of projected drought risks tied to increasing greenhouse gases and associated warming of the climate system. AU - Cook, Benjamin I. AU - Smerdon, Jason E. AU - Seager, Richard AU - Coats, Sloan DA - November 01 DO - 10.1007/s00382-014-2075-y IS - 9 M3 - journal article PY - 2014 SN - 1432-0894 SP - 2607-2627 ST - Global warming and 21st century drying T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - Global warming and 21st century drying VL - 43 ID - 24270 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Temperature and airport elevation significantly influence the maximum allowable takeoff weight of an aircraft by changing the surface air density and thus the lift produced at a given speed. For a given runway length, airport elevation, and aircraft type, there is a temperature threshold above which the airplane cannot take off at its maximum weight and thus must be weight restricted. The number of summer days necessitating weight restriction has increased since 1980 along with the observed increase in surface temperature. Climate change is projected to increase mean temperatures at all airports and to significantly increase the frequency and severity of extreme heat events at some. These changes will negatively affect aircraft performance, leading to increased weight restrictions, especially at airports with short runways and little room to expand. For a Boeing 737-800 aircraft, it was found that the number of weight-restriction days between May and September will increase by 50%–200% at four major airports in the United States by 2050–70 under the RCP8.5 emissions scenario. These performance reductions may have a negative economic effect on the airline industry. Increased weight restrictions have previously been identified as potential impacts of climate change, but this study is the first to quantify the effect of higher temperatures on commercial aviation. Planning for changes in extreme heat events will help the aviation industry to reduce its vulnerability to this aspect of climate change. AU - Coffel, E. AU - Horton, R. DO - 10.1175/wcas-d-14-00026.1 IS - 1 KW - Extreme events,Climate change,Economic value,Societal impacts PY - 2015 SP - 94-102 ST - Climate change and the impact of extreme temperatures on aviation T2 - Weather, Climate, and Society TI - Climate change and the impact of extreme temperatures on aviation VL - 7 ID - 24541 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McCabe, Ryan M. AU - Hickey, Barbara M. AU - Kudela, Raphael M. AU - Lefebvre, Kathi A. AU - Adams, Nicolaus G. AU - Bill, Brian D. AU - Gulland, Frances M. D. AU - Thomson, Richard E. AU - Cochlan, William P. AU - Trainer, Vera L. DO - 10.1002/2016GL070023 IS - 19 KW - harmful algal bloom Pseudo-nitzschia australis domoic acid upwelling warm anomaly toxin 1616 Climate variability 4279 Upwelling and convergences 4217 Coastal processes 4855 Phytoplankton 4815 Ecosystems, structure, dynamics, and modeling PY - 2016 SN - 1944-8007 SP - 10,366-10,376 ST - An unprecedented coastwide toxic algal bloom linked to anomalous ocean conditions T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - An unprecedented coastwide toxic algal bloom linked to anomalous ocean conditions VL - 43 ID - 24640 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marshall, Kristin N. AU - Kaplan, Isaac C. AU - Hodgson, Emma E. AU - Hermann, Albert AU - Busch, D. Shallin AU - McElhany, Paul AU - Essington, Timothy E. AU - Harvey, Chris J. AU - Fulton, Elizabeth A. DO - 10.1111/gcb.13594 IS - 4 KW - California Current climate change ecosystem model fisheries ocean acidification risk assessment PY - 2017 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 1525-1539 ST - Risks of ocean acidification in the California Current food web and fisheries: Ecosystem model projections T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Risks of ocean acidification in the California Current food web and fisheries: Ecosystem model projections VL - 23 ID - 24880 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nania, Julie AU - Cozzetto, Karen AU - Gillet, Nicole AU - Duren, Sabre AU - Tapp, Anne Mariah AU - Eitner, Michael AU - Baldwin, Beth CY - Boulder, CO PB - University of Colorado Law School PY - 2014 SP - 204 ST - Considerations for Climate Change and Variability Adaptation on the Navajo Nation TI - Considerations for Climate Change and Variability Adaptation on the Navajo Nation UR - http://wwa.colorado.edu/publications/reports/navajo_report4_9.pdf ID - 24985 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forests are major components of the carbon cycle, and disturbances are important influences of forest carbon. Our objective was to contribute to the understanding of forest carbon cycling by quantifying the amount of carbon in trees killed by two disturbance types, fires and bark beetles, in the western United States in recent decades. We combined existing spatial data sets of forest biomass, burn severity, and beetle-caused tree mortality to estimate the amount of aboveground and belowground carbon in killed trees across the region. We found that during 1984–2010, fires killed trees that contained 5–11 Tg C year −1 and during 1997–2010, beetles killed trees that contained 2–24 Tg C year −1 , with more trees killed since 2000 than in earlier periods. Over their periods of record, amounts of carbon in trees killed by fires and by beetle outbreaks were similar, and together these disturbances killed trees representing 9% of the total tree carbon in western forests, a similar amount to harvesting. Fires killed more trees in lower-elevation forest types such as Douglas-fir than higher-elevation forest types, whereas bark beetle outbreaks also killed trees in higher-elevation forest types such as lodgepole pine and Engelmann spruce. Over 15% of the carbon in lodgepole pine and spruce/fir forest types was in trees killed by beetle outbreaks; other forest types had 5–10% of the carbon in killed trees. Our results document the importance of these natural disturbances in the carbon budget of the western United States. AU - Hicke, Jeffrey A. AU - Meddens, Arjan J. H. AU - Allen, Craig D. AU - Kolden, Crystal A. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035032 IS - 3 PY - 2013 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 035032 ST - Carbon stocks of trees killed by bark beetles and wildfire in the western United States T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Carbon stocks of trees killed by bark beetles and wildfire in the western United States VL - 8 ID - 25158 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mountain snowpack stores a significant quantity of water in the western US, accumulating during the wet season and melting during the dry summers and supplying much of the water used for irrigated agriculture, and municipal and industrial uses. Updating our earlier work published in 2005, we find that with 14 additional years of data, over 90% of snow monitoring sites with long records across the western US now show declines, of which 33% are significant (vs. 5% expected by chance) and 2% are significant and positive (vs. 5% expected by chance). Declining trends are observed across all months, states, and climates, but are largest in spring, in the Pacific states, and in locations with mild winter climate. We corroborate and extend these observations using a gridded hydrology model, which also allows a robust estimate of total western snowpack and its decline. We find a large increase in the fraction of locations that posted decreasing trends, and averaged across the western US, the decline in average April 1 snow water equivalent since mid-century is roughly 15–30% or 25–50 km3, comparable in volume to the West’s largest man-made reservoir, Lake Mead. AU - Mote, Philip W. AU - Li, Sihan AU - Lettenmaier, Dennis P. AU - Xiao, Mu AU - Engel, Ruth DA - 2018/03/02 DO - 10.1038/s41612-018-0012-1 IS - 1 PY - 2018 SN - 2397-3722 SP - 2 ST - Dramatic declines in snowpack in the western US T2 - npj Climate and Atmospheric Science TI - Dramatic declines in snowpack in the western US VL - 1 ID - 25165 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Valley fever is endemic to the southwestern United States. Humans contract this fungal disease by inhaling spores of Coccidioides spp. Changes in the environment can influence the abundance and dispersal of Coccidioides spp., causing fluctuations in valley fever incidence. We combined county‐level case records from state health agencies to create a regional valley fever database for the southwestern United States, including Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. We used this data set to explore how environmental factors influenced the spatial pattern and temporal dynamics of valley fever incidence during 2000–2015. We compiled climate and environmental geospatial data sets from multiple sources to compare with valley fever incidence. These variables included air temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, surface dust concentration, normalized difference vegetation index, and cropland area. We found that valley fever incidence was greater in areas with warmer air temperatures and drier soils. The mean annual cycle of incidence varied throughout the southwestern United States and peaked following periods of low precipitation and soil moisture. From year‐to‐year, however, autumn incidence was higher following cooler, wetter, and productive springs in the San Joaquin Valley of California. In southcentral Arizona, incidence increased significantly through time. By 2015, incidence in this region was more than double the rate in the San Joaquin Valley. Our analysis provides a framework for interpreting the influence of climate change on valley fever incidence dynamics. Our results may allow the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to improve their estimates of the spatial pattern and intensity of valley fever endemicity. AU - Gorris, M. E. AU - Cat, L. A. AU - Zender, C. S. AU - Treseder, K. K. AU - Randerson, J. T. DO - 10.1002/2017GH000095 IS - 1 PY - 2018 SP - 6-24 ST - Coccidioidomycosis dynamics in relation to climate in the southwestern United States T2 - GeoHealth TI - Coccidioidomycosis dynamics in relation to climate in the southwestern United States VL - 2 ID - 25334 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Colby, Bonnie G. AU - Thorson, John E. AU - Britton, Sarah C4 - 1deccb49-e3fa-4195-8d50-fe2264401101 CY - Tucson, AZ PB - University of Arizona Press PY - 2005 SN - 9780816524556 0816524556 SP - 215 ST - Negotiating Tribal Water Rights: Fullfilling Promises in the Arid West TI - Negotiating Tribal Water Rights: Fullfilling Promises in the Arid West ID - 25342 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Stratus Consulting and Denver Water CY - Boulder, CO PB - Stratus Consulting PY - 2015 SP - various ST - Embracing Uncertainty: A Case Study Examination of How Climate Change Is Shifting Water Utility Planning. Prepared for the Water Utility Climate Alliance (WUCA), the American Water Works Association (AWWA), the Water Research Foundation (WRF), and the Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA) by Stratus Consulting Inc., Boulder, CO (Karen Raucher and Robert Raucher) and Denver Water, Denver, CO (Laurna Kaatz) TI - Embracing Uncertainty: A Case Study Examination of How Climate Change Is Shifting Water Utility Planning. Prepared for the Water Utility Climate Alliance (WUCA), the American Water Works Association (AWWA), the Water Research Foundation (WRF), and the Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA) by Stratus Consulting Inc., Boulder, CO (Karen Raucher and Robert Raucher) and Denver Water, Denver, CO (Laurna Kaatz) UR - https://www.wucaonline.org/assets/pdf/pubs-uncertainty.pdf ID - 25408 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EIA CY - Washington, DC NV - AEO2018 PB - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) PY - 2018 SP - 146 ST - Annual Energy Outlook 2018 TI - Annual Energy Outlook 2018 UR - https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/ ID - 25441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ekstrom, Julia A. AU - Moser, Susanne C. DA - 2014/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.uclim.2014.06.002 KW - Climate change Adaptation Governance Barriers Institutions San Francisco PY - 2014 SN - 2212-0955 SP - 54-74 ST - Identifying and overcoming barriers in urban climate adaptation: Case study findings from the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA T2 - Urban Climate TI - Identifying and overcoming barriers in urban climate adaptation: Case study findings from the San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA VL - 9 ID - 25610 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Phenological advancements driven by climate change are especially pronounced at higher latitudes, so that migrants from lower latitudes may increasingly arrive at breeding grounds after the appearance of seasonal resources. To explore this possibility, we compared dates of first arrival of Broad‐tailed Hummingbirds (Selasphorus platycercus) to dates of flowering of plants they visit for nectar. Near the southern limit of the breeding range, neither hummingbird arrival nor first flowering dates have changed significantly over the past few decades. At a nearby migration stopover site, first flowering of a major food plant has advanced, but peak flowering has not. Near the northern limit of the breeding range, first and peak flowering of early‐season food plants have shifted to earlier dates, resulting in a shorter interval between appearance of first hummingbirds and first flowers. If phenological shifts continue at current rates, hummingbirds will eventually arrive at northern breeding grounds after flowering begins, which could reduce their nesting success. These results support the prediction that migratory species may experience the greatest phenological mismatches at the poleward limits of their migration. A novel hypothesis based on these results posits that the poleward limit for some species may contract toward lower latitudes under continued warming. AU - McKinney, Amy M. AU - CaraDonna, Paul J. AU - Inouye, David W. AU - Barr, Billy AU - Bertelsen, C. David AU - Waser, Nickolas M. DO - 10.1890/12-0255.1 IS - 9 PY - 2012 SP - 1987-1993 ST - Asynchronous changes in phenology of migrating Broad‐tailed Hummingbirds and their early‐season nectar resources T2 - Ecology TI - Asynchronous changes in phenology of migrating Broad‐tailed Hummingbirds and their early‐season nectar resources VL - 93 ID - 25703 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Widespread, high levels of tree mortality, termed forest die-off, associated with drought and rising temperatures, are disrupting forests worldwide. Drought will likely become more frequent with climate change, but even without more frequent drought, higher temperatures can exacerbate tree water stress. The temperature sensitivity of drought-induced mortality of tree species has been evaluated experimentally for only single-step changes in temperature (ambient compared to ambient + increase) rather than as a response surface (multiple levels of temperature increase), which constrains our ability to relate changes in the driver with the biological response. Here we show that time-to-mortality during drought for seedlings of two western United States tree species, Pinus edulis (Engelm.) and Pinus ponderosa (Douglas ex C. Lawson), declined in continuous proportion with increasing temperature spanning a 7.7 °C increase. Although P. edulis outlived P. ponderosa at all temperatures, both species had similar relative declines in time-to-mortality as temperature increased (5.2% per °C for P. edulis ; 5.8% per °C for P. ponderosa ). When combined with the non-linear frequency distribution of drought duration—many more short droughts than long droughts—these findings point to a progressive increase in mortality events with global change due to warming alone and independent of additional changes in future drought frequency distributions. As such, dire future forest recruitment patterns are projected assuming the calculated 7–9 seedling mortality events per species by 2100 under business-as-usual warming occur, congruent with additional vulnerability predicted for adult trees from stressors like pathogens and pests. Our progressive projection for increased mortality events was driven primarily by the non-linear shape of the drought duration frequency distribution, a common climate feature of drought-affected regions. These results illustrate profound benefits for reducing emissions of carbon to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources and slowing warming as rapidly as possible to maximize forest persistence. AU - Adams, Henry D. AU - Barron-Gafford, Greg A. AU - Minor, Rebecca L. AU - Gardea, Alfonso A. AU - Bentley, Lisa Patrick AU - Law, Darin J. AU - Breshears, David D. AU - McDowell, Nate G. AU - Huxman, Travis E. DO - 10.1088/1748-9326/aa93be IS - 11 PY - 2017 SN - 1748-9326 SP - 115014 ST - Temperature response surfaces for mortality risk of tree species with future drought T2 - Environmental Research Letters TI - Temperature response surfaces for mortality risk of tree species with future drought VL - 12 ID - 25956 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are soil-surface communities in drylands, dominated by cyanobacteria, mosses, and lichens. They provide key ecosystem functions by increasing soil stability and influencing soil hydrologic, nutrient, and carbon cycles. Because of this, methods to reestablish biocrusts in damaged drylands are needed. Here we test the reintroduction of field-collected vs. greenhouse-cultured biocrusts for rehabilitation. AU - Antoninka, Anita AU - Bowker, Matthew A. AU - Chuckran, Peter AU - Barger, Nichole N. AU - Reed, Sasha AU - Belnap, Jayne DA - August 01 DO - 10.1007/s11104-017-3300-3 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2018 SN - 1573-5036 SP - 213-225 ST - Maximizing establishment and survivorship of field-collected and greenhouse-cultivated biocrusts in a semi-cold desert T2 - Plant and Soil TI - Maximizing establishment and survivorship of field-collected and greenhouse-cultivated biocrusts in a semi-cold desert VL - 429 ID - 25957 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Declining mountain snowpack and earlier snowmelt across the western United States has implications for downstream communities. We present a possible mechanism linking snowmelt rate and streamflow generation using a gridded implementation of the Budyko framework. We computed an ensemble of Budyko streamflow anomalies (BSAs) using Variable Infiltration Capacity model-simulated evapotranspiration, potential evapotranspiration, and estimated precipitation at 1/16° resolution from 1950 to 2013. BSA was correlated with simulated baseflow efficiency (r2 = 0.64) and simulated snowmelt rate (r2 = 0.42). The strong correlation between snowmelt rate and baseflow efficiency (r2 = 0.73) links these relationships and supports a possible streamflow generation mechanism wherein greater snowmelt rates increase subsurface flow. Rapid snowmelt may thus bring the soil to field capacity, facilitating below-root zone percolation, streamflow, and a positive BSA. Previous works have shown that future increases in regional air temperature may lead to earlier, slower snowmelt and hence decreased streamflow production via the mechanism proposed by this work. AU - Barnhart, Theodore B. AU - Molotch, Noah P. AU - Livneh, Ben AU - Harpold, Adrian A. AU - Knowles, John F. AU - Schneider, Dominik DO - 10.1002/2016GL069690 IS - 15 PY - 2016 SP - 8006-8016 ST - Snowmelt rate dictates streamflow T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Snowmelt rate dictates streamflow VL - 43 ID - 25958 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Changes to mean and extreme wet season precipitation over California on interannual time scales are analyzed using twenty-first-century precipitation data from 34 global climate models. Models disagree on the sign of projected changes in mean precipitation, although in most models the change is very small compared to historical and simulated levels of interannual variability. For the 2020/21–2059/60 period, there is no projected increase in the frequency of extremely dry wet seasons in the ensemble mean. Wet extremes are found to increase to around 2 times the historical frequency, which is statistically significant at the 95% level. Stronger signals emerge in the 2060/61–2099/2100 period. Across all models, extremely dry wet seasons are roughly 1.5 to 2 times more common, and wet extremes generally triple in their historical frequency (statistically significant). Large increases in precipitation variability in most models account for the modest increases to dry extremes. Increases in the frequency of wet extremes can be ascribed to equal contributions from increased variability and increases to the mean. These increases in the frequency of interannual precipitation extremes will create severe water management problems in a region where coping with large interannual variability in precipitation is already a challenge. Evidence from models and observations is examined to understand the causes of the low precipitation associated with the 2013/14 drought in California. These lines of evidence all strongly indicate that the low 2013/14 wet season precipitation total can be very likely attributed to natural variability, in spite of the projected future changes in extremes. AU - Berg, Neil AU - Hall, Alex DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-14-00624.1 IS - 16 PY - 2015 SP - 6324-6334 ST - Increased interannual precipitation extremes over California under climate change T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Increased interannual precipitation extremes over California under climate change VL - 28 ID - 25959 ER - TY - JOUR AB - California’s San Francisco Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (bay/delta) estuary system is subject to externally forced storm surge propagating from the open ocean. In the lower reaches of the delta, storm surge dominates water level extremes and can have a significant impact on wetlands, freshwater aquifers, levees, and ecosys- tems. The magnitude and distribution of open-ocean tide generated storm surge throughout the bay/delta are described by a network of stations within the bay/delta system and along the California coast. Correlation of non-tide water levels between stations in the network indicates that peak storm surge fluctuations propagate into the bay/delta system from outside the Golden Gate. The initial peak surge propa- gates from the open ocean inland, while a trailing (smaller amplitude) secondary peak is associated with river discharge. Extreme non-tide water levels are generally associated with extreme Sacramento-San Joaquin river flows, underscoring the po- tential impact of sea level rise on the delta levees and bay/delta ecosystem. AU - Bromirski, Peter D. AU - Flick, Reinhard E. PY - 2008 SP - 29-37 ST - Storm surge in the San Francisco Bay/Delta and nearby coastal locations T2 - Shore & Beach TI - Storm surge in the San Francisco Bay/Delta and nearby coastal locations UR - https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Storm-surge-in-the-San-Francisco-Bay-%2F-Delta-and-Bromirski-Flick/42e3b5b84e3252cd2147ca5a2f3a382316233c9d VL - 76 ID - 25960 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Observed streamflow and climate data are used to test the hypothesis that climate change is already affecting Rio Grande streamflow volume derived from snowmelt runoff in ways consistent with model-based projections of 21st-Century streamflow. Annual and monthly changes in streamflow volume and surface climate variables on the Upper Rio Grande, near its headwaters in southern Colorado, are assessed for water years 1958–2015. Results indicate winter and spring season temperatures in the basin have increased significantly, April 1 snow water equivalent (SWE) has decreased by approximately 25%, and streamflow has declined slightly in the April–July snowmelt runoff season. Small increases in precipitation have reduced the impact of declining snowpack on trends in streamflow. Changes in the snowpack–runoff relationship are noticeable in hydrographs of mean monthly streamflow, but are most apparent in the changing ratios of precipitation (rain + snow, and SWE) to streamflow and in the declining fraction of runoff attributable to snowpack or winter precipitation. The observed changes provide observational confirmation for model projections of decreasing runoff attributable to snowpack, and demonstrate the decreasing utility of snowpack for predicting subsequent streamflow on a seasonal basis in the Upper Rio Grande Basin. AU - Chavarria, Shaleene B. AU - Gutzler, David S. DO - 10.1111/1752-1688.12640 IS - 3 PY - 2018 SP - 644-659 ST - Observed changes in climate and streamflow in the Upper Rio Grande basin T2 - JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Observed changes in climate and streamflow in the Upper Rio Grande basin VL - 54 ID - 25961 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Das, Tapash AU - Maurer, Edwin P. AU - Pierce, David W. AU - Dettinger, Michael D. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DA - 2013/09/25/ DO - 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.07.042 KW - Climate change Statistical downscaling Flood risk Sierra Nevada PY - 2013 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 101-110 ST - Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Increases in flood magnitudes in California under warming climates VL - 501 ID - 25962 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Understanding resource managers’ perceptions of climate change, analytic capacity, and current adaptation activities can provide insight into what can help support adaptation processes at the local level. In California, where a major drought currently demonstrates some of the hardships that could be regularly encountered under a changing climate, we present results from a survey of drinking water utilities about the perceived threat, analytic capacity, and adaptation actions related to maintaining water quality in the face of climate change. Among surveyed utilities (n = 259), awareness is high in regard to climate change occurring and its potential impacts on water quality globally, but perceived risk is lower with regard to climate impacts on local drinking water quality. Just over half of surveyed utilities report at least some adaptation activity to date. The top three variables that most strongly correlated with reported adaptation action were (1) perceived risk on global and local water quality, (2) surface water reliance, and (3) provision of other services beyond drinking water. Other tested variables significantly correlated with reported adaptation action were (4) degree of impact from the current drought and (5) communication with climate change experts. Findings highlight that smaller groundwater-reliant utilities may need the most assistance to initiate climate adaptation processes. Trusted information sources most frequently used across respondents were state government agencies, followed by colleagues in the same utilities. The finding that frequently used sources of information are similar across utilities presents a promising opportunity for training and disseminating climate information to assist those systems needing the most support. AU - Ekstrom, Julia A. AU - Bedsworth, Louise AU - Fencl, Amanda DA - February 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-016-1870-3 IS - 3 M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 467-481 ST - Gauging climate preparedness to inform adaptation needs: Local level adaptation in drinking water quality in CA, USA T2 - Climatic Change TI - Gauging climate preparedness to inform adaptation needs: Local level adaptation in drinking water quality in CA, USA VL - 140 ID - 25963 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eisenman, David P. AU - Wilhalme, Holly AU - Tseng, Chi-Hong AU - Chester, Mikhail AU - English, Paul AU - Pincetl, Stephanie AU - Fraser, Andrew AU - Vangala, Sitaram AU - Dhaliwal, Satvinder K. DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.08.007 PY - 2016 SN - 1353-8292 SP - 89-99 ST - Heat death associations with the built environment, social vulnerability and their interactions with rising temperature T2 - Health & Place TI - Heat death associations with the built environment, social vulnerability and their interactions with rising temperature VL - 41 ID - 25964 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Erbs, Martin AU - Manderscheid, Remy AU - Jansen, Gisela AU - Seddig, Sylvia AU - Pacholski, Andreas AU - Weigel, Hans-Joachim DA - 2010/02/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.agee.2009.11.009 IS - 1-2 KW - Elevated carbon dioxide FACE Microelements Stoichiometry PY - 2010 SN - 0167-8809 SP - 59-68 ST - Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on grain quality parameters and elemental composition of wheat and barley grown in a crop rotation T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Effects of free-air CO2 enrichment and nitrogen supply on grain quality parameters and elemental composition of wheat and barley grown in a crop rotation VL - 136 ID - 25965 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Drought monitoring and drought planning are complex endeavors. Measures of precipitation or streamflow provide little context for understanding how social and environmental systems impacted by drought are responding. Here the authors report on collaborative work with the Hopi Tribe—a Native American community in the U.S. Southwest—to develop a drought information system that is responsive to local needs. A strategy is presented for developing a system that is based on an assessment of how drought is experienced by Hopi citizens and resource managers, that can incorporate local observations of drought impacts as well as conventional indicators, and that brings together local expertise with conventional science-based observations. The system described here is meant to harness as much available information as possible to inform tribal resource managers, political leaders, and citizens about drought conditions and to also engage these local drought stakeholders in observing, thinking about, and helping to guide planning for drought. AU - Ferguson, Daniel B. AU - Masayesva, Anna AU - Meadow, Alison M. AU - Crimmins, Michael A. DO - 10.1175/wcas-d-15-0060.1 IS - 4 KW - Geographic location/entity,North America,Applications,Local effects,Planning,Policy,Societal impacts PY - 2016 SP - 345-359 ST - Rain gauges to range conditions: Collaborative development of a drought information system to support local decision-making T2 - Weather, Climate, and Society TI - Rain gauges to range conditions: Collaborative development of a drought information system to support local decision-making VL - 8 ID - 25966 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fleck, John C4 - 23772b80-0e09-4bbe-9521-5ef22d8c5e15 CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2016 SN - 9781610916790 9781610916806 SP - 264 ST - Water Is for Fighting Over and Other Myths about Water in the West TI - Water Is for Fighting Over and Other Myths about Water in the West ID - 25967 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Analyses of observed non-Gaussian daily minimum and maximum temperature probability distribution functions (PDFs) in the Southwest US highlight the importance of variance and warm tail length in determining future heat wave probability. Even if no PDF shape change occurs with climate change, locations with shorter warm tails and/or smaller variance will see a greater increase in heat wave probability, defined as exceedances above the historical 95th percentile threshold, than will long tailed/larger variance distributions. Projections from ten downscaled CMIP5 models show important geospatial differences in the amount of warming expected for a location. However, changes in heat wave probability do not directly follow changes in background warming. Projected changes in heat wave probability are largely explained by a rigid shift of the daily temperature distribution. In some locations where there is more warming, future heat wave probability is buffered somewhat by longer warm tails. In other parts of the Southwest where there is less warming, heat wave probability is relatively enhanced because of shorter tailed PDFs. Effects of PDF shape changes are generally small by comparison to those from a rigid shift, and fall within the range of uncertainty among models in the amount of warming expected by the end of the century. AU - Guirguis, Kristen AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Pierce, David W. DA - May 01 DO - 10.1007/s00382-017-3850-3 IS - 9-10 M3 - journal article PY - 2018 SN - 1432-0894 SP - 3853-3864 ST - Heat wave probability in the changing climate of the Southwest US T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - Heat wave probability in the changing climate of the Southwest US VL - 50 ID - 25968 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study used Landsat-based detection of spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) outbreak over the years 2000–2014 across the Southern Rocky Mountain Ecoregion to examine the spatiotemporal patterns of outbreak and assess the influence of temperature, drought, forest characteristics, and previous spruce beetle activity on outbreak development. During the 1999–2013 period, time series of spruce beetle activity were highly spatially correlated (r > 0.5) at distances <5 km, but remained weakly correlated (r = 0.08) at distances >400 km. Furthermore, cluster analysis on time series of outbreak activity revealed the outbreak developed at multiple incipient locations and spread to unaffected forest, highlighting the importance of both local-scale dispersal and regional-scale drivers in synchronizing spruce beetle outbreak. Spatial overlay analysis and Random Forest modeling of outbreak development show that outbreaks initiate in areas characterized by summer, winter, and multi-year drought and that outbreak spread is strongly linked to the proximity and extent of nearby outbreak, but remains associated with drought. Notably, we find that spruce beetle outbreak is associated with low peak snow water equivalent, not just summer drought. As such, future alterations to both winter and summer precipitation regimes are likely to drive important changes in subalpine forests. AU - Hart, Sarah J. AU - Veblen, Thomas T. AU - Schneider, Dominik AU - Molotch, Noah P. DO - 10.1002/ecy.1963 IS - 10 PY - 2017 SP - 2698-2707 ST - Summer and winter drought drive the initiation and spread of spruce beetle outbreak T2 - Ecology TI - Summer and winter drought drive the initiation and spread of spruce beetle outbreak VL - 98 ID - 25969 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Jasperse, Jay AU - Ralph, Marty AU - Anderson, Michael AU - Brekke, Levi D. AU - Dillabough, Mike AU - Dettinger, Michael AU - Haynes, Alan AU - Hartman, Robert AU - Jones, Christy AU - Forbis, Joe AU - Rutten, Patrick AU - Talbot, Cary AU - Webb, Robert H. CY - La Jolla, CA DB - USGS Publications Warehouse LA - English M3 - Report PB - Center For Western Weather and Water Extremes (CW3E) PY - 2017 SP - 75 ST - Preliminary viability assessment of Lake Mendocino forecast informed reservoir operations TI - Preliminary viability assessment of Lake Mendocino forecast informed reservoir operations UR - http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/70192184 ID - 25970 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is causing increases in temperature, changes in precipitation and extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and other environmental impacts. It is also causing or contributing to heat-related disorders, respiratory and allergic disorders, infectious diseases, malnutrition due to food insecurity, and mental health disorders. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that climate change is causally associated with collective violence, generally in combination with other causal factors. Increased temperatures and extremes of precipitation with their associated consequences, including resultant scarcity of cropland and other key environmental resources, are major pathways by which climate change leads to collective violence. Public health professionals can help prevent collective violence due to climate change (a) by supporting mitigation measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, (b) by promoting adaptation measures to address the consequences of climate change and to improve community resilience, and (c) by addressing underlying risk factors for collective violence, such as poverty and socioeconomic disparities. AU - Levy, Barry S. AU - Sidel, Victor W. AU - Patz, Jonathan A. DO - 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031816-044232 IS - 1 KW - climate change,public health,collective violence,war,armed conflict PY - 2017 SP - 241-257 ST - Climate change and collective violence T2 - Annual Review of Public Health TI - Climate change and collective violence VL - 38 ID - 25971 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Unsafe water supplies, limited sanitation and poor hygiene are still important causes of infectious disease (e.g. Cholera, Leptospirosis, Giardiasis), especially in low-income countries. Climate and weather affect the transmission and distribution of infectious diseases. Therefore, scientists are continuously developing new analysis methods to investigate the impacts of weather and climate on infectious disease, and particularly, on those associated with water. As these methods are based on an imperfect representation of the real world, they are inevitably subjected to many challenges. Based on a systematic review of the literature, we identified seven important challenges for scientists who develop new analysis methods. AU - Lo Iacono, Giovanni AU - Armstrong, Ben AU - Fleming, Lora E. AU - Elson, Richard AU - Kovats, Sari AU - Vardoulakis, Sotiris AU - Nichols, Gordon L. DO - 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005659 IS - 6 PY - 2017 SP - e0005659 ST - Challenges in developing methods for quantifying the effects of weather and climate on water-associated diseases: A systematic review T2 - PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases TI - Challenges in developing methods for quantifying the effects of weather and climate on water-associated diseases: A systematic review VL - 11 ID - 25972 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Middel, Ariane AU - Chhetri, Nalini AU - Quay, Raymond DA - 2015/01/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ufug.2014.09.010 IS - 1 KW - Climate change Cool roofs ENVI-met Heat mitigation Trees and shade PY - 2015 SN - 1618-8667 SP - 178-186 ST - Urban forestry and cool roofs: Assessment of heat mitigation strategies in Phoenix residential neighborhoods T2 - Urban Forestry & Urban Greening TI - Urban forestry and cool roofs: Assessment of heat mitigation strategies in Phoenix residential neighborhoods VL - 14 ID - 25973 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Summary 1 Tropospheric ozone (O3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are significant drivers of plant growth and chemical composition. We hypothesized that exposure to elevated concentrations of O3 and CO2, singly and in combination, would modify the chemical composition of Trifolium and thus alter its digestibility and nutritive quality for ruminant herbivores. 2 We tested our hypothesis by collecting samples of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) and White Clover (Trifolium repens) from the understoreys of Trembling Aspen (Populus tremuloides)–Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum) communities that had been exposed since 1998 to ambient air, elevated CO2, elevated O3 or elevated CO2 + O3 at the Aspen Free-Air CO2 and O3 Enrichment (FACE) site located near Rhinelander, WI, USA. Foliage samples were analysed for (1) concentrations of N, total cell wall constituents, lignin and soluble phenolics; and (2) in vitro dry-matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro cell-wall digestibility (IVCWD) using batch cultures of ruminal micro-organisms. 3 Significant air-treatment effects were observed for lignin concentration, IVDMD and IVCWD, and between Red and White Clover for all dependent variables. No air treatment × clover species interactions were detected. 4 Exposure to elevated O3 resulted in increased concentration of lignin and decreased IVDMD and IVCWD compared with exposure to ambient air, and the response was similar regardless of whether plants had been coexposed to elevated CO2. Exposure to elevated CO2 alone did not affect chemical composition or in vitro digestibility, nor did it ameliorate the negative effect of elevated O3 on these determinants of nutritive quality for ruminant herbivores. 5 In contrast to recent reports of a protective effect of elevated CO2 against growth reduction in plants under O3 stress, our results indicate that elevated CO2 would not be expected to ameliorate the negative impact of elevated O3 on nutritive quality of Trifolium under projected future global climate scenarios. AU - Muntifering, R. B. AU - Chappelka, A. H. AU - Lin, J. C. AU - Karnosky, D. F. AU - Somers, G. L. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2006.01093.x IS - 2 PY - 2006 SP - 269-275 ST - Chemical composition and digestibility of Trifolium exposed to elevated ozone and carbon dioxide in a free-air (FACE) fumigation system T2 - Functional Ecology TI - Chemical composition and digestibility of Trifolium exposed to elevated ozone and carbon dioxide in a free-air (FACE) fumigation system VL - 20 ID - 25974 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nicholas, Kimberly A. AU - Matthews, Mark A. AU - Lobell, David B. AU - Willits, Neil H. AU - Field, Christopher B. DA - 2011/12/15/ DO - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.06.010 IS - 12 KW - Climate change Vitis vinifera Wine Climate sensitivity Anthocyanins Phenology Temperature PY - 2011 SN - 0168-1923 SP - 1556-1567 ST - Effect of vineyard-scale climate variability on Pinot noir phenolic composition T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Effect of vineyard-scale climate variability on Pinot noir phenolic composition VL - 151 ID - 25975 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Panno, Angelo AU - Carrus, Giuseppe AU - Lafortezza, Raffaele AU - Mariani, Luigi AU - Sanesi, Giovanni DA - 2017/11/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.016 KW - Nature-based solutions Global warming Cognitive resources Urban heat island Climate change Ego depletion Wellbeing PY - 2017 SN - 0013-9351 SP - 249-256 ST - Nature-based solutions to promote human resilience and wellbeing in cities during increasingly hot summers T2 - Environmental Research TI - Nature-based solutions to promote human resilience and wellbeing in cities during increasingly hot summers VL - 159 ID - 25976 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In most Mediterranean climate (MedClim) regions around the world, global climate models (GCMs) consistently project drier futures. In California, however, projections of changes in annual precipitation are inconsistent. Analysis of daily precipitation in 30 GCMs reveals patterns in projected hydrometeorology over each of the five MedClm regions globally and helps disentangle their causes. MedClim regions, except California, are expected to dry via decreased frequency of winter precipitation. Frequencies of extreme precipitation, however, are projected to increase over the two MedClim regions of the Northern Hemisphere where projected warming is strongest. The increase in heavy and extreme precipitation is particularly robust over California, where it is only partially offset by projected decreases in low-medium intensity precipitation. Over the Mediterranean Basin, however, losses from decreasing frequency of low-medium-intensity precipitation are projected to dominate gains from intensifying projected extreme precipitation. MedClim regions are projected to become more sub-tropical, i.e. made dryer via pole-ward expanding subtropical subsidence. California’s more nuanced hydrological future reflects a precarious balance between the expanding subtropical high from the south and the south-eastward extending Aleutian low from the north-west. These dynamical mechanisms and thermodynamic moistening of the warming atmosphere result in increased horizontal water vapor transport, bolstering extreme precipitation events. AU - Polade, Suraj D. AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Dettinger, Michael D. AU - Pierce, David W. DA - 2017/09/07 DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-11285-y IS - 1 PY - 2017 SN - 2045-2322 SP - 10783 ST - Precipitation in a warming world: Assessing projected hydro-climate changes in California and other Mediterranean climate regions T2 - Scientific Reports TI - Precipitation in a warming world: Assessing projected hydro-climate changes in California and other Mediterranean climate regions VL - 7 ID - 25977 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Polade, Suraj D. AU - Pierce, David W. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Dettinger, Michael D. DA - 03/13/online DO - 10.1038/srep04364 M3 - Article PY - 2014 SP - 4364 ST - The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes T2 - Scientific Reports TI - The key role of dry days in changing regional climate and precipitation regimes VL - 4 ID - 25978 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Weber, Bettina A2 - Büdel, Burkhard A2 - Belnap, Jayne AB - A wide range of studies show global environmental change will profoundly affect the structure, function, and dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. The research synthesized here underscores that biocrust communities are also likely to respond significantly to global change drivers, with a large potential for modification to their abundance, composition, and function. We examine how elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, climate change (increased temperature and altered precipitation), and nitrogen deposition affect biocrusts and the ecosystems they inhabit. We integrate experimental and observational data, as well as physiological, community ecology, and biogeochemical perspectives. Taken together, these data highlight the potential for biocrust organisms to respond dramatically to environmental change and show how changes to biocrust community composition translate into effects on ecosystem function (e.g., carbon and nutrient cycling, soil stability, energy balance). Due to the importance of biocrusts in regulating dryland ecosystem processes and the potential for large modifications to biocrust communities, an improved understanding and predictive capacity regarding biocrust responses to environmental change are of scientific and societal relevance. AU - Reed, Sasha C. AU - Maestre, Fernando T. AU - Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl AU - Kuske, Cheryl R. AU - Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony AU - Oliver, Mel AU - Darby, Brian AU - Sancho, Leopoldo G. AU - Sinsabaugh, Robert L. AU - Belnap, Jayne C4 - 6e13a903-7949-425d-b16c-6e377114175d CY - Cham DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-30214-0_22 PB - Springer International Publishing PY - 2016 SN - 978-3-319-30214-0 SP - 451-476 ST - Biocrusts in the context of global change T2 - Biological Soil Crusts: An Organizing Principle in Drylands TI - Biocrusts in the context of global change ID - 25979 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The area burned annually by wildfires is expected to increase worldwide due to climate change. Burned areas increase soil erosion rates within watersheds, which can increase sedimentation in downstream rivers and reservoirs. However, which watersheds will be impacted by future wildfires is largely unknown. Using an ensemble of climate, fire, and erosion models, we show that postfire sedimentation is projected to increase for nearly nine tenths of watersheds by >10% and for more than one third of watersheds by >100% by the 2041 to 2050 decade in the western USA. The projected increases are statistically significant for more than eight tenths of the watersheds. In the western USA, many human communities rely on water from rivers and reservoirs that originates in watersheds where sedimentation is projected to increase. Increased sedimentation could negatively impact water supply and quality for some communities, in addition to affecting stream channel stability and aquatic ecosystems. AU - Sankey, Joel B. AU - Kreitler, Jason AU - Hawbaker, Todd J. AU - McVay, Jason L. AU - Miller, Mary Ellen AU - Mueller, Erich R. AU - Vaillant, Nicole M. AU - Lowe, Scott E. AU - Sankey, Temuulen T. DO - 10.1002/2017GL073979 IS - 17 PY - 2017 SP - 8884-8892 ST - Climate, wildfire, and erosion ensemble foretells more sediment in western USA watersheds T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Climate, wildfire, and erosion ensemble foretells more sediment in western USA watersheds VL - 44 ID - 25980 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Urban crime may be an important but overlooked public health impact of rising ambient temperatures. We conducted a time series analysis of associations between temperature and crimes in Philadelphia, PA, for years 2006–2015. We obtained daily crime data from the Philadelphia Police Department, and hourly temperature and dew point data from the National Centers for Environmental Information. We calculated the mean daily heat index and daily deviations from each year’s seasonal mean heat index value. We used generalized additive models with a quasi-Poisson distribution, adjusted for day of the week, public holiday, and long-term trends and seasonality, to estimate relative rates (RR) and 95% confidence intervals. We found that the strongest associations were with violent crime and disorderly conduct. For example, relative to the median of the distribution of mean daily heat index values, the rate of violent crimes was 9% (95% CI 6–12%) higher when the mean daily heat index was at the 99th percentile of the distribution. There was a positive, linear relationship between deviations of the daily mean heat index from the seasonal mean and rates of violent crime and disorderly conduct, especially in cold months. Overall, these analyses suggest that disorderly conduct and violent crimes are highest when temperatures are comfortable, especially during cold months. This work provides important information regarding the temporal patterns of crime activity. AU - Schinasi, Leah H. AU - Hamra, Ghassan B. DA - December 01 DO - 10.1007/s11524-017-0181-y IS - 6 M3 - journal article PY - 2017 SN - 1468-2869 SP - 892-900 ST - A time series analysis of associations between daily temperature and crime events in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania T2 - Journal of Urban Health TI - A time series analysis of associations between daily temperature and crime events in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania VL - 94 ID - 25981 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shilling, Fraser AU - White, Aubrey AU - Lippert, Lucas AU - Lubell, Mark DA - 2010/05/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2010.02.002 IS - 4 KW - Fish contamination Mercury Fish consumption Subsistence fishing TMDL Clean Water Act PY - 2010 SN - 0013-9351 SP - 334-344 ST - Contaminated fish consumption in California’s Central Valley Delta T2 - Environmental Research TI - Contaminated fish consumption in California’s Central Valley Delta VL - 110 ID - 25982 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate warming poses two major challenges for birds: exposure to higher temperatures and disruption of the synchrony between nesting and resource emergence. To cope, birds are expected to track temperature by moving to cooler areas and to track resource emergence by breeding earlier. We show that these two responses are intertwined. Earlier breeding can substitute for range shifts by reducing temperatures during critical breeding-season life-history events. We show that early-summer temperatures affect nesting success in North American birds and that Californian birds breed ∼1 wk earlier today than a century ago. Thus, without shifting geographically, birds now nest at similar temperatures as they did a century ago, which might reshape both the need and the opportunity for range shifts.Species respond to climate change in two dominant ways: range shifts in latitude or elevation and phenological shifts of life-history events. Range shifts are widely viewed as the principal mechanism for thermal niche tracking, and phenological shifts in birds and other consumers are widely understood as the principal mechanism for tracking temporal peaks in biotic resources. However, phenological and range shifts each present simultaneous opportunities for temperature and resource tracking, although the possible role for phenological shifts in thermal niche tracking has been widely overlooked. Using a canonical dataset of Californian bird surveys and a detectability-based approach for quantifying phenological signal, we show that Californian bird communities advanced their breeding phenology by 5–12 d over the last century. This phenological shift might track shifting resource peaks, but it also reduces average temperatures during nesting by over 1 °C, approximately the same magnitude that average temperatures have warmed over the same period. We further show that early-summer temperature anomalies are correlated with nest success in a continental-scale database of bird nests, suggesting avian thermal niches might be broadly limited by temperatures during nesting. These findings outline an adaptation surface where geographic range and breeding phenology respond jointly to constraints imposed by temperature and resource phenology. By stabilizing temperatures during nesting, phenological shifts might mitigate the need for range shifts. Global change ecology will benefit from further exploring phenological adjustment as a potential mechanism for thermal niche tracking and vice versa. AU - Socolar, Jacob B. AU - Epanchin, Peter N. AU - Beissinger, Steven R. AU - Tingley, Morgan W. DO - 10.1073/pnas.1705897114 IS - 49 PY - 2017 SP - 12976-12981 ST - Phenological shifts conserve thermal niches in North American birds and reshape expectations for climate-driven range shifts T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Phenological shifts conserve thermal niches in North American birds and reshape expectations for climate-driven range shifts VL - 114 ID - 25983 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Purpose Heat waves could reveal or aggravate several ‘serious’ adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly. Thus, we wanted to describe the main characteristics of heat-related ‘serious’ ADRs occurred in patients older than 70 years during these two events in France (2003 and 2006). Methods We analysed ‘serious’ ADRs reported to the network of French pharmacovigilance centres in summer 2003 and 2006 and suspected to be heat related. ‘Serious’ ADRs occurred during summers with heat waves (2003 and 2006) were compared with ADRs occurred during the same months in the summers of 2004 and 2005 (reference period). Results Patients' characteristics and number of ‘serious’ ADRs were similar whatever the year of the study. Number of drug-related deaths seemed higher in 2003 than in 2004–2005. More ‘serious’ heat-related ADRs were reported in the summers of 2003 and 2006 (68 in 2003 and 72 in 2006). Comparing with the reference period, metabolic ADRs were less frequent during the summers of 2003 (29%, p = 0.0001) and 2006 (39%, p = 0.003). Occurrence of other ADRs was similar whatever the period. Drugs more frequently involved during heat waves were diuretics, serotonic antidepressants, angiotensin converting inhibitors and proton pump inhibitors. Differences between 2003 and 2006 were found for non-dopaminergic (atropinic) antiparkinsonians or antiepileptics (most frequently involved in 2006) and beta-blockers or proton pump inhibitors (less frequently involved in 2006). Conclusion The present study underlines the interest of a National Pharmacovigilance Database to follow each year the role of drugs in heat-related ADRs. This survey should be associated with other pharmacoepidemiological methods, such as case–control or population-based studies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Sommet, Agnès AU - Durrieu, Genevieve AU - Lapeyre-Mestre, Maryse AU - Montastruc, Jean-Louis DO - 10.1002/pds.2307 IS - 3 PY - 2012 SP - 285-288 ST - A comparative study of adverse drug reactions during two heat waves that occurred in France in 2003 and 2006 T2 - Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety TI - A comparative study of adverse drug reactions during two heat waves that occurred in France in 2003 and 2006 VL - 21 ID - 25984 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stacy, Patrick K. R. AU - Comrie, Andrew C. AU - Yool, Stephen R. DA - 2012/03/01 DO - 10.2747/1548-1603.49.2.299 IS - 2 PY - 2012 SN - 1548-1603 SP - 299-316 ST - Modeling valley fever incidence in Arizona using a satellite-derived soil moisture proxy T2 - GIScience & Remote Sensing TI - Modeling valley fever incidence in Arizona using a satellite-derived soil moisture proxy VL - 49 ID - 25985 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mega-fires are often defined according to their size and intensity but are more accurately described by their socioeconomic impacts. Three factors – climate change, fire exclusion, and antecedent disturbance, collectively referred to as the “mega-fire triangle” – likely contribute to today's mega-fires. Some characteristics of mega-fires may emulate historical fire regimes and can therefore sustain healthy fire-prone ecosystems, but other attributes decrease ecosystem resiliency. A good example of a program that seeks to mitigate mega-fires is located in Western Australia, where prescribed burning reduces wildfire intensity while conserving ecosystems. Crown-fire-adapted ecosystems are likely at higher risk of frequent mega-fires as a result of climate change, as compared with other ecosystems once subject to frequent less severe fires. Fire and forest managers should recognize that mega-fires will be a part of future wildland fire regimes and should develop strategies to reduce their undesired impacts. AU - Stephens, Scott L AU - Burrows, Neil AU - Buyantuyev, Alexander AU - Gray, Robert W AU - Keane, Robert E AU - Kubian, Rick AU - Liu, Shirong AU - Seijo, Francisco AU - Shu, Lifu AU - Tolhurst, Kevin G AU - van Wagtendonk, Jan W DO - 10.1890/120332 IS - 2 PY - 2014 SP - 115-122 ST - Temperate and boreal forest mega-fires: Characteristics and challenges T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment TI - Temperate and boreal forest mega-fires: Characteristics and challenges VL - 12 ID - 25986 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Fog and low cloud cover (FLCC) strongly influences the water, energy, and nutrient flux of coastal ecosystems. Easy-to-use FLCC data are needed to quantify the impacts of FLCC on ecosystem dynamics especially during hot and dry Mediterranean climate summers. Monthly, annual, and decadal FLCC digital maps (indices) were derived for June–September 1999–2009 for coastal California, latitude 34.50°N (south of Monterey Bay) to latitude 41.95°N (north of Crescent City) from 26,000 hourly night and day Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) images. Monthly average FLCC ranges from <2 to 18 hours per day (h/d). Average FLCC over the ocean increases from north (9 h/d) to south (14 h/d), whereas on land, FLCC is highest where land juts into the prevailing NW winds and is lowest in the lee of major capes. FLCC advects farthest inland through low-lying NW ocean-facing valleys. At night, average total hours of FLCC are higher more frequently on land than over the ocean. The interannual FLCC coefficient of variation shows long-term geographic stability that is strongly associated with landform position. FLCC hours per day mapped contours, derived from decadal average FLCC, delineate the commonly used term “fog belt” into FLCC zones with increased locational precision. FLCC indices are available for download from the California Landscape Conservation Cooperative Climate Commons website (http://climate.calcommons.org/datasets/summertime-fog). FLCC indices can improve analyses of biogeographic and bioclimatic species distribution models; understanding meteorological mechanisms driving FLCC patterns; solar energy feasibility studies; investigations of ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, and agricultural irrigation demand; and viticulture ripening models. AU - Torregrosa, Alicia AU - Combs, Cindy AU - Peters, Jeff DO - 10.1002/2015EA000119 IS - 2 PY - 2016 SP - 46-67 ST - GOES-derived fog and low cloud indices for coastal north and central California ecological analyses T2 - Earth and Space Science TI - GOES-derived fog and low cloud indices for coastal north and central California ecological analyses VL - 3 ID - 25987 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Vermeulen, Ben A2 - Paier, Manfred AB - Societies are addressing increasingly complex governance challenges that necessitate collaboration between many organizations. Harnessing the emergent abilities of these collective efforts requires new administrative strategies and techniques, but if done well also provides promise for addressing important social challenges. In Maricopa County Arizona the Department of Public Health reports 632 confirmed heat-associated deaths from 2006 to 2013. In response, public health and other organizations coordinate across the County with a collection of public and private organizations and non-profit groups to provide services for heat relief as cooling centers during the summer. Here we show how participatory modeling can be used as a tool to enable this ad-hoc collaborative network to self-organize to provide more efficient service. The voluntary nature of the network imposes a structure on cooling service provision as the locations and open hours of centers are largely based on other ongoing operations. There are consequently both gaps and redundancies in spatial and temporal cooling center availability that exist when the network is examined from a system perspective. Over the last year, we engaged members of the heat relief community in central Arizona in a participatory modeling effort to help improve a simple prototype agent-based model that visualizes relevant components of the regional Heat Relief Network’s function. Through this process, the members developed systemic awareness of both the challenges and opportunities of coordination across the network. This effort helped network members begin to see cooling centers from a systems perspective, leverage their ability to see dynamic cooling center availability spatially and temporally and thus increase opportunities to align services along both dimensions. Our collaboration with the Heat Relief Network in central Arizona highlights participatory modeling as an innovative means for translating evidence to practice and facilitating knowledge dissemination, two important elements for successful applications on complexity governance. AU - Uebelherr, Joshua AU - Hondula, David M. AU - Johnston, Erik W. C4 - beced1bd-55b2-4716-9154-cdccc23e3114 CY - Cham DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-43940-2_9 PB - Springer International Publishing PY - 2017 SN - 978-3-319-43940-2 SP - 215-236 ST - Using participatory modeling to enable local innovation through complexity governance T2 - Innovation Networks for Regional Development: Concepts, Case Studies, and Agent-Based Models TI - Using participatory modeling to enable local innovation through complexity governance ID - 25988 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ulmer, Jared M. AU - Wolf, Kathleen L. AU - Backman, Desiree R. AU - Tretheway, Raymond L. AU - Blain, Cynthia J. A. AU - O’Neil-Dunne, Jarlath P. M. AU - Frank, Lawrence D. DA - 2016/11/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.healthplace.2016.08.011 KW - Tree canopy Urban forest Built environment General health Obesity Psychosocial PY - 2016 SN - 1353-8292 SP - 54-62 ST - Multiple health benefits of urban tree canopy: The mounting evidence for a green prescription T2 - Health & Place TI - Multiple health benefits of urban tree canopy: The mounting evidence for a green prescription VL - 42 ID - 25989 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are slow-growing, phototroph-based microbial assemblages that develop on the topsoils of drylands. Biocrusts help maintain soil fertility and reduce erosion. Because their loss through human activities has negative ecological and environmental health consequences, biocrust restoration is of interest. Active soil inoculation with biocrust microorganisms can be an important tool in this endeavor. We present a culture-independent, two-step process to grow multispecies biocrusts in open greenhouse nursery facilities, based on the inoculation of local soils with local biocrust remnants and incubation under seminatural conditions that maintain the essence of the habitat but lessen its harshness. In each of four U.S. Southwest sites, we tested and deployed combinations of factors that maximized growth (gauged as chlorophyll a content) while minimizing microbial community shifts (assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics), particularly for crust-forming cyanobacteria. Generally, doubling the frequency of natural wetting events, a 60% reduction in sunlight, and inoculation by slurry were optimal. Nutrient addition effects were site specific. In 4 months, our approach yielded crusts of high inoculum quality reared on local soil exposed to locally matched climates, acclimated to desiccation, and containing communities minimally shifted in composition from local ones. Our inoculum contained abundant crust-forming cyanobacteria and no significant numbers of allochthonous phototrophs, and it was sufficient to treat ca. 6,000 m2 of degraded dryland soils at 1 to 5% of the typical crust biomass concentration, having started from a natural crust remnant as small as 6 to 30 cm2.IMPORTANCE Soil surface crusts can protect dryland soils from erosion, but they are often negatively impacted by human activities. Their degradation causes a loss of fertility, increased production of fugitive dust and intensity of dust storms with associated traffic problems, and provokes general public health hazards. Our results constitute an advance in the quest to actively restore biological soil covers by providing a means to obtain high-quality inoculum within a reasonable time (a few months), thereby allowing land managers to recover essential, but damaged, ecosystem services in a sustainable, self-perpetuating way as provided by biocrust communities. AU - Velasco Ayuso, Sergio AU - Giraldo Silva, Ana AU - Nelson, Corey AU - Barger, Nichole N. AU - Garcia-Pichel, Ferran DA - February 1, 2017 DO - 10.1128/aem.02179-16 IS - 3 PY - 2017 SP - e02179-16 ST - Microbial nursery production of high-quality biological soil crust biomass for restoration of degraded dryland soils T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology TI - Microbial nursery production of high-quality biological soil crust biomass for restoration of degraded dryland soils VL - 83 ID - 25990 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GNEB CY - Washington, DC PB - Good Neighbor Environmental Board PY - 2016 SN - EPA 202-R-16-001 SP - 90 ST - Climate Change and Resilient Communities Along the U.S.-Mexico Border: The Role of Federal Agencies TI - Climate Change and Resilient Communities Along the U.S.-Mexico Border: The Role of Federal Agencies UR - https://irsc.sdsu.edu/docs/17th_gneb_report_publication_120516_final_508.pdf ID - 26158 ER - TY - JOUR AB - During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA), Western North America experienced episodes of intense aridity that persisted for multiple decades or longer. These megadroughts are well documented in many proxy records, but the causal mechanisms are poorly understood. General circulation models (GCMs) simulate megadroughts, but do not reproduce the temporal clustering of events during the MCA, suggesting they are not caused by the time history of volcanic or solar forcing. Instead, GCMs generate megadroughts through (1) internal atmospheric variability, (2) sea-surface temperatures, and (3) land surface and dust aerosol feedbacks. While no hypothesis has been definitively rejected, and no GCM has accurately reproduced all features (e.g., timing, duration, and extent) of any specific megadrought, their persistence suggests a role for processes that impart memory to the climate system (land surface and ocean dynamics). Over the 21st century, GCMs project an increase in the risk of megadrought occurrence through greenhouse gas forced reductions in precipitation and increases in evaporative demand. This drying is robust across models and multiple drought indicators, but major uncertainties still need to be resolved. These include the potential moderation of vegetation evaporative losses at higher atmospheric [CO2], variations in land surface model complexity, and decadal to multidecadal modes of natural climate variability that could delay or advance onset of aridification over the the next several decades. Because future droughts will arise from both natural variability and greenhouse gas forced trends in hydroclimate, improving our understanding of the natural drivers of persistent multidecadal megadroughts should be a major research priority. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:411–432. doi: 10.1002/wcc.394 This article is categorized under: Paleoclimates and Current Trends > Paleoclimate Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models AU - Cook, Benjamin I. AU - Cook, Edward R. AU - Smerdon, Jason E. AU - Seager, Richard AU - Williams, A. Park AU - Coats, Sloan AU - Stahle, David W. AU - Díaz, José Villanueva DO - 10.1002/wcc.394 IS - 3 PY - 2016 SP - 411-432 ST - North American megadroughts in the Common Era: Reconstructions and simulations T2 - Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change TI - North American megadroughts in the Common Era: Reconstructions and simulations VL - 7 ID - 26347 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Musselman, Keith N. AU - Clark, Martyn P. AU - Liu, Changhai AU - Ikeda, Kyoko AU - Rasmussen, Roy DA - 02/27/online DO - 10.1038/nclimate3225 M3 - Article PY - 2017 SP - 214-219 ST - Slower snowmelt in a warmer world T2 - Nature Climate Change TI - Slower snowmelt in a warmer world VL - 7 ID - 26348 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Drought affects virtually every region of the world, and potential shifts in its character in a changing climate are a major concern. This article presents a synthesis of current understanding of meteorological drought, with a focus on the large-scale controls on precipitation afforded by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, land surface feedbacks, and radiative forcings. The synthesis is primarily based on regionally focused articles submitted to the Global Drought Information System (GDIS) collection together with new results from a suite of atmospheric general circulation model experiments intended to integrate those studies into a coherent view of drought worldwide. On interannual time scales, the preeminence of ENSO as a driver of meteorological drought throughout much of the Americas, eastern Asia, Australia, and the Maritime Continent is now well established, whereas in other regions (e.g., Europe, Africa, and India), the response to ENSO is more ephemeral or nonexistent. Northern Eurasia, central Europe, and central and eastern Canada stand out as regions with few SST-forced impacts on precipitation on interannual time scales. Decadal changes in SST appear to be a major factor in the occurrence of long-term drought, as highlighted by apparent impacts on precipitation of the late 1990s “climate shifts” in the Pacific and Atlantic SST. Key remaining research challenges include (i) better quantification of unforced and forced atmospheric variability as well as land–atmosphere feedbacks, (ii) better understanding of the physical basis for the leading modes of climate variability and their predictability, and (iii) quantification of the relative contributions of internal decadal SST variability and forced climate change to long-term drought. AU - Schubert, Siegfried D. AU - Stewart, Ronald E. AU - Wang, Hailan AU - Barlow, Mathew AU - Berbery, Ernesto H. AU - Cai, Wenju AU - Hoerling, Martin P. AU - Kanikicharla, Krishna K. AU - Koster, Randal D. AU - Lyon, Bradfield AU - Mariotti, Annarita AU - Mechoso, Carlos R. AU - Müller, Omar V. AU - Rodriguez-Fonseca, Belen AU - Seager, Richard AU - Seneviratne, Sonia I. AU - Zhang, Lixia AU - Zhou, Tianjun DO - 10.1175/jcli-d-15-0452.1 IS - 11 KW - Atm/Ocean Structure/ Phenomena,Drought,Precipitation,Sea surface temperature,Variability,Climate variability,Decadal variability,Interannual variability PY - 2016 SP - 3989-4019 ST - Global meteorological drought: A synthesis of current understanding with a focus on SST drivers of precipitation deficits T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Global meteorological drought: A synthesis of current understanding with a focus on SST drivers of precipitation deficits VL - 29 ID - 26349 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Arizona Rural Policy Institute CY - Flagstaff, AZ PB - Northern Arizona University PY - 2014 SP - 18 ST - Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project Cost Avoidance Study TI - Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project Cost Avoidance Study UR - https://nau.edu/economic-policy-institute/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/Flagstaff-Watershed-Protection-Project-2014.pdf ID - 26350 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Brown, Austin AU - Beiter, Philipp AU - Heimiller, Donna AU - Davidson, Carolyn AU - Denholm, Paul AU - Melius, Jennifer AU - Lopez, Anthony AU - Dylan Hettinger AU - Mulcahy, David AU - Porro, Gian CY - Golden, CO PB - National Renewable Energy Laboratory PY - 2016 SN - NREL/TP-6A20-64503 SP - 127 ST - Estimating Renewable Energy Economic Potential in the United States: Methodology and Initial Results TI - Estimating Renewable Energy Economic Potential in the United States: Methodology and Initial Results UR - https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy15osti/64503.pdf ID - 26351 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crouch, Jake AU - Heim, Richard R. AU - Hughes, P. E. AU - Fenimore, Chris DO - 10.1175/2013BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 IS - 8 PY - 2013 SP - S149-S152 ST - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2012"] T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2012"] VL - 94 ID - 26354 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crouch, Jake AU - Heim, Richard R. AU - Fenimore, Chris DO - 10.1175/2015BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 IS - 7 PY - 2015 SP - S171-S172 ST - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2014"] T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2014"] VL - 96 ID - 26355 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crouch, Jake AU - Heim, Richard R. AU - Fenimore, Chris DO - 10.1175/2015BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 IS - 8 PY - 2016 SP - S175-S176 ST - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2015"] T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2015"] VL - 97 ID - 26356 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crouch, Jake AU - Smith, Adam B. AU - Heim, Richard R. AU - Fenimore, Chris DO - 10.1175/2017BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 IS - 8 PY - 2017 SP - S175, S178-S179 ST - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2016"] T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Regional climates: United States [in "State of the Climate in 2016"] VL - 98 ID - 26357 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Curtin, Charles G. C4 - 3bde6123-7825-4429-9f28-a0486a8223ad CY - Washington, DC PB - Island Press PY - 2015 SN - 159726993X 978-1597269933 SP - 272 ST - The Science of Open Spaces: Theory and Practice for Conserving Large, Complex Systems TI - The Science of Open Spaces: Theory and Practice for Conserving Large, Complex Systems ID - 26358 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In recent years increasing attention has been focused on understanding the different resources that can support decision makers at all levels in responding to climate variability and change. This article focuses on the role that access to information and other potential constraints may play in the context of water decision making across three U.S. regions (the Intermountain West, the Great Lakes, and the Carolinas). The authors report on the degree to which climate-related needs or constraints pertinent to water resources are regionally specific. They also find that stakeholder-identified constraints or needs extended beyond the need for data/information to enabling factors such as governance arrangements and how to improve collaboration and communication. As climate information networks expand and emphasis is placed on encouraging adaptation more broadly, these constraints have implications not only for how information dissemination efforts are organized but for how those efforts need to be informed by the larger regional context in a resource-limited and fragmented landscape. AU - Dilling, Lisa AU - Lackstrom, Kirsten AU - Haywood, Benjamin AU - Dow, Kirstin AU - Lemos, Maria Carmen AU - Berggren, John AU - Kalafatis, Scott DO - 10.1175/wcas-d-14-00001.1 IS - 1 KW - Climate change,Climate variability,Policy,Societal impacts PY - 2015 SP - 5-17 ST - What stakeholder needs tell us about enabling adaptive capacity: The intersection of context and information provision across regions in the United States T2 - Weather, Climate, and Society TI - What stakeholder needs tell us about enabling adaptive capacity: The intersection of context and information provision across regions in the United States VL - 7 ID - 26359 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fox, Wayne R. IS - 1 PY - 2016 SP - 65-92 ST - The cost of inaction: Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project cost avoidance study T2 - Arizona State Law Journal TI - The cost of inaction: Flagstaff Watershed Protection Project cost avoidance study UR - http://arizonastatelawjournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Fox_Final.pdf VL - 48 ID - 26360 ER - TY - CPAPER A2 - Shipman, Hugh A2 - Dethier, Megan N. A2 - Gelfenbaum, Guy A2 - Fresh, Kurt L. A2 - Dinicola, Richard S. AU - Griggs, Gary B. DA - May N1 - USGS Scientific Investigations Report 2010–5254 PB - U.S. Geological Survey PY - 2009 SP - 77-84 T2 - Puget Sound Shorelines and the Impacts of Armoring— Proceedings of a State of the Science Workshop TI - The effects of armoring shorelines—The California experience UR - https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5254/pdf/sir20105254_chap8.pdf ID - 26361 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Santa Ana Winds (SAWs) are an integral feature of the regional climate of Southern California/Northern Baja California region, but their climate-scale behavior is poorly understood. In the present work, we identify SAWs in mesoscale dynamical downscaling of a global reanalysis from 1948 to 2012. Model winds are validated with anemometer observations. SAWs exhibit an organized pattern with strongest easterly winds on westward facing downwind slopes and muted magnitudes at sea and over desert lowlands. We construct hourly local and regional SAW indices and analyze elements of their behavior on daily, annual, and multidecadal timescales. SAWs occurrences peak in winter, but some of the strongest winds have occurred in fall. Finally, we observe that SAW intensity is influenced by prominent large-scale low-frequency modes of climate variability rooted in the tropical and north Pacific ocean-atmosphere system. AU - Guzman-Morales, Janin AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Theiss, Jurgen AU - Li, Haiqin AU - Cayan, Daniel DO - 10.1002/2016GL067887 IS - 6 PY - 2016 SP - 2827-2834 ST - Santa Ana winds of Southern California: Their climatology, extremes, and behavior spanning six and a half decades T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Santa Ana winds of Southern California: Their climatology, extremes, and behavior spanning six and a half decades VL - 43 ID - 26362 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Changes in the amount and timing of snowmelt have large effects on water for society and ecosystems. Using long-term records from across the western United States, we demonstrate that atmospheric humidity is a major control on how seasonal snow responds to warming temperatures. Specifically, we observe an increase in the frequency and magnitude of episodic winter melt events under higher humidity that may alter the timing of water availability. In lower-humidity regions, however, warming is associated with increased sublimation and/or evaporation from the snowpack further reducing the amount of available water in these dry regions. Management approaches to address these changes in snowmelt water resources from continued warming will require improved estimation of variable and changing atmospheric humidity.Climate change is altering historical patterns of snow accumulation and melt, threatening societal frameworks for water supply. However, decreases in spring snow water equivalent (SWE) and changes in snowmelt are not ubiquitous despite widespread warming in the western United States, highlighting the importance of latent and radiant energy fluxes in snow ablation. Here we demonstrate how atmospheric humidity and solar radiation interact with warming temperature to control snowpack ablation at 462 sites spanning a gradient in mean winter temperature from −8.9 to +2.9 °C. The most widespread response to warming was an increase in episodic, midwinter ablation events. Under humid conditions these ablation events were dominated by melt, averaging 21% (202 mm/year) of SWE. Winter ablation under dry atmospheric conditions at similar temperatures was smaller, averaging 12% (58 mm/year) of SWE and likely dominated by sublimation fluxes. These contrasting patterns result from the critical role that atmospheric humidity plays in local energy balance, with latent and longwave radiant fluxes cooling the snowpack under dry conditions and warming it under humid conditions. Similarly, spring melt rates were faster under humid conditions, yet the second most common trend was a reduction in spring melt rates associated with earlier initiation when solar radiation inputs are smaller. Our analyses demonstrate that regional differences in atmospheric humidity are a major cause of the spatial variability in snowpack response to warming. Better constraints on humidity will be critical to predicting both the amount and timing of surface water supplies under climate change. AU - Harpold, Adrian A. AU - Brooks, Paul D. DO - 10.1073/pnas.1716789115 IS - 6 PY - 2018 SP - 1215-1220 ST - Humidity determines snowpack ablation under a warming climate T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Humidity determines snowpack ablation under a warming climate VL - 115 ID - 26363 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harpold, Adrian A. AU - Dettinger, Michael AU - Rajagopal, Seshadri DO - 10.1029/2017EO068775 PY - 2017 ST - Defining snow drought and why it matters T2 - Eos TI - Defining snow drought and why it matters VL - 98 ID - 26364 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Howitt, Richard AU - Medellín-Azuara, Josué AU - MacEwan, Duncan AU - Lund, Jay R. AU - Sumner, Daniel CY - Davis, CA PB - University of California-Davis, Center for Watershed Sciences PY - 2014 SP - various ST - Economic Analysis of the 2014 Drought for California Agriculture TI - Economic Analysis of the 2014 Drought for California Agriculture UR - https://watershed.ucdavis.edu/files/content/news/Economic_Impact_of_the_2014_California_Water_Drought.pdf ID - 26365 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study investigates the variability of clouds, primarily marine stratus clouds, and how they are associated with surface temperature anomalies over California, especially along the coastal margin. We focus on the summer months of June to September when marine stratus are the dominant cloud type. Data used include satellite cloud reflectivity (cloud albedo) measurements, hourly surface observations of cloud cover and air temperature at coastal airports, and observed values of daily surface temperature at stations throughout California and Nevada. Much of the anomalous variability of summer clouds is organized over regional patterns that affect considerable portions of the coast, often extend hundreds of kilometers to the west and southwest over the North Pacific, and are bounded to the east by coastal mountains. The occurrence of marine stratus is positively correlated with both the strength and height of the thermal inversion that caps the marine boundary layer, with inversion base height being a key factor in determining their inland penetration. Cloud cover is strongly associated with surface temperature variations. In general, increased presence of cloud (higher cloud albedo) produces cooler daytime temperatures and warmer nighttime temperatures. Summer daytime temperature fluctuations associated with cloud cover variations typically exceed 1°C. The inversion-cloud albedo-temperature associations that occur at daily timescales are also found at seasonal timescales. AU - Iacobellis, Sam F. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DO - 10.1002/jgrd.50652 IS - 16 PY - 2013 SP - 9105-9122 ST - The variability of California summertime marine stratus: Impacts on surface air temperatures T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres TI - The variability of California summertime marine stratus: Impacts on surface air temperatures VL - 118 ID - 26366 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Edenhofer, O. A2 - Pichs-Madruga, R. A2 - Sokona, Y. A2 - Farahani, E. A2 - Kadner, S. A2 - Seyboth, K. A2 - Adler, A. A2 - Baum, I. A2 - Brunner, S. A2 - Eickemeier, P. A2 - Kriemann, B. A2 - Savolainen, J. A2 - Schlömer, S. A2 - Stechow, C. von A2 - Zwickel, T. A2 - Minx, J.C. AU - IPCC C4 - f76e2431-d3bd-4dca-af4a-1b349f3100a4 CY - Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2014 SN - 978-1-107-05821-7 978-1-107-65481-5 SP - 1435 ST - Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Working Group III Contribution to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg3/ ID - 26369 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Judge, Jenna AU - Newkirk, Sarah AU - Leo, Kelly AU - Heady, Walter AU - Hayden, Maya AU - Veloz, Sam AU - Cheng, Tiffany AU - Battalio, Bob AU - Ursell, Tara AU - Small, Mary CY - Arlington, VA PB - The Nature Conservancy PY - 2017 SP - 38 ST - Case Studies of Natural Shoreline Infrastructure in Coastal California: A Component of Identification of Natural Infrastructure Options for Adapting to Sea Level Rise (California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment) TI - Case Studies of Natural Shoreline Infrastructure in Coastal California: A Component of Identification of Natural Infrastructure Options for Adapting to Sea Level Rise (California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment) UR - http://scc.ca.gov/files/2017/11/tnc_Natural-Shoreline-Case-Study_hi.pdf ID - 26370 ER - TY - JOUR AB - California's primary hydrologic system, the San Francisco estuary and its upstream watershed, is vulnerable to the regional hydrologic consequences of projected global climate change. Projected temperature anomalies from a global climate model are used to drive a combined model of watershed hydrology and estuarine dynamics. By 2090, a projected temperature increase of 2.1°C results in a loss of about half of the average April snowpack storage, with greatest losses in the northern headwaters. Consequently, spring runoff is reduced by 5.6 km3 (∼20% of historical annual runoff), with associated increases in winter flood peaks. The smaller spring flows yield spring/summer salinity increases of up to 9 psu, with larger increases in wet years. AU - Knowles, Noah AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DO - 10.1029/2001GL014339 IS - 18 PY - 2002 SP - 1891 ST - Potential effects of global warming on the Sacramento/San Joaquin watershed and the San Francisco estuary T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - Potential effects of global warming on the Sacramento/San Joaquin watershed and the San Francisco estuary VL - 29 ID - 26371 ER - TY - JOUR AB - California's primary hydrologic system, the San Francisco Estuary and its upstream watershed, is vulnerable to the regional hydrologic consequences of projected global climate change. Previous work has shown that a projected warming would result in a reduction of snowpack storage leading to higher winter and lower spring-summer streamflows and increased spring-summer salinities in the estuary. The present work shows that these hydrologic changes exhibit a strong dependence on elevation, with the greatest loss of snowpack volume in the 1300–2700 m elevation range. Exploiting hydrologic and estuarine modeling capabilities to trace water as it moves through the system reveals that the shift of water in mid-elevations of the Sacramento river basin from snowmelt to rainfall runoff is the dominant cause of projected changes in estuarine inflows and salinity. Additionally, although spring-summer losses of estuarine inflows are balanced by winter gains, the losses have a stronger influence on salinity since longer spring-summer residence times allow the inflow changes to accumulate in the estuary. The changes in inflows sourced in the Sacramento River basin in approximately the 1300–2200 m elevation range thereby lead to a net increase in estuarine salinity under the projected warming. Such changes would impact ecosystems throughout the watershed and threaten to contaminate much of California's freshwater supply. AU - Knowles, Noah AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DA - January 01 DO - 10.1023/B:CLIM.0000013696.14308.b9 IS - 1 M3 - journal article PY - 2004 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 319-336 ST - Elevational dependence of projected hydrologic changes in the San Francisco estuary and watershed T2 - Climatic Change TI - Elevational dependence of projected hydrologic changes in the San Francisco estuary and watershed VL - 62 ID - 26372 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Lader, Glenn AU - Raman, Aishwarya AU - Davis, Jeffrey T. AU - Waters, Ken CY - Tuscon, AZ PB - NOAA National Weather Service PY - 2016 SN - NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS-WR 290 SP - 89 ST - Blowing Dust and Dust Storms: One of Arizona's Most Underrated Weather Hazards TI - Blowing Dust and Dust Storms: One of Arizona's Most Underrated Weather Hazards UR - http://www.atmo.arizona.edu/images/news/Aish_Article.pdf ID - 26373 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Myint, Soe Win AU - Zheng, Baojuan AU - Talen, Emily AU - Fan, Chao AU - Kaplan, Shai AU - Middel, Ariane AU - Smith, Martin AU - Huang, Huei-ping AU - Brazel, Anthony DA - 2015/06/01 DO - 10.1890/EHS14-0028.1 IS - 4 PY - 2015 SN - 2096-4129 SP - 1-15 ST - Does the spatial arrangement of urban landscape matter? Examples of urban warming and cooling in Phoenix and Las Vegas T2 - Ecosystem Health and Sustainability TI - Does the spatial arrangement of urban landscape matter? Examples of urban warming and cooling in Phoenix and Las Vegas VL - 1 ID - 26374 ER - TY - WEB AU - NOAA CY - Asheville, NC PB - NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information PY - 2017 ST - National Climate Report: June 2017 TI - National Climate Report: June 2017 UR - https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/national/201706 ID - 26375 ER - TY - WEB AU - NOAA CY - Boulder, CO PB - NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory PY - 2017 ST - NOAA Climate Change Web Portal TI - NOAA Climate Change Web Portal UR - https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/ipcc/ ID - 26376 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Mawdsley, Jonathan AU - Lamb, Rachel CY - Washington, DC PB - The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment for the Navajo Nation Department of Fish and Wildlife PY - 2013 SP - 49 ST - Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Priority Wildlife Species TI - Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Priority Wildlife Species UR - https://conbio.org/images/content_publications/Final_Navajo_Vulnerability_Assessment_Report_2.pdf ID - 26377 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Salmon Technical Team (STT) CY - Portland, OR PB - Pacific Fishery Management Council PY - 2018 SP - 335 ST - Review of 2017 Ocean Salmon Fisheries. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) document TI - Review of 2017 Ocean Salmon Fisheries. Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation (SAFE) document UR - https://www.pcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Review_of_2017_Ocean_Salmon_Fisheries_18Final.pdf ID - 26378 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A high-resolution climate model (4-km horizontal grid spacing) is used to examine the following question: How will long-term changes in climate impact the partitioning of annual precipitation between evapotranspiration and runoff in the Colorado Headwaters?This question is examined using a climate sensitivity approach in which eight years of current climate is compared to a future climate created by modifying the current climate signal with perturbation from the NCAR Community Climate System Model, version 3 (CCSM3), model forced by the A1B scenario for greenhouse gases out to 2050. The current climate period is shown to agree well with Snowpack Telemetry (SNOTEL) surface observations of precipitation (P) and snowpack, as well as streamflow and AmeriFlux evapotranspiration (ET) observations. The results show that the annual evaporative fraction (ET/P) for the Colorado Headwaters is 0.81 for the current climate and 0.83 for the future climate, indicating increasing aridity in the future despite a positive increase of precipitation. Runoff decreased by an average of 6%, reflecting the increased aridity.Precipitation increased in the future winter by 12%, but decreased in the summer as a result of increased low-level inhibition to convection. The fraction of precipitation that fell as snow decreased from 0.83 in the current climate to 0.74 in the future. Future snowpack did not change significantly until January. From January to March the snowpack increased above ~3000 m MSL and decreased below that level. Snowpack decreased at all elevations in the future from April to July. The peak snowpack and runoff over the headwaters occurred 2–3 weeks earlier in the future simulation, in agreement with previous studies. AU - Rasmussen, Roy AU - Ikeda, Kyoko AU - Liu, Changhai AU - Gochis, David AU - Clark, Martyn AU - Dai, Aiguo AU - Gutmann, Ethan AU - Dudhia, Jimy AU - Chen, Fei AU - Barlage, Mike AU - Yates, David AU - Zhang, Guo DO - 10.1175/jhm-d-13-0118.1 IS - 3 KW - Climate change,Hydrology,Hydrometeorology,Water budget,Model evaluation/performance,Regional models PY - 2014 SP - 1091-1116 ST - Climate change impacts on the water balance of the Colorado Headwaters: High-resolution regional climate model simulations T2 - Journal of Hydrometeorology TI - Climate change impacts on the water balance of the Colorado Headwaters: High-resolution regional climate model simulations VL - 15 ID - 26379 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We present the Met Office Hadley Centre's sea ice and sea surface temperature (SST) data set, HadISST1, and the nighttime marine air temperature (NMAT) data set, HadMAT1. HadISST1 replaces the global sea ice and sea surface temperature (GISST) data sets and is a unique combination of monthly globally complete fields of SST and sea ice concentration on a 1° latitude-longitude grid from 1871. The companion HadMAT1 runs monthly from 1856 on a 5° latitude-longitude grid and incorporates new corrections for the effect on NMAT of increasing deck (and hence measurement) heights. HadISST1 and HadMAT1 temperatures are reconstructed using a two-stage reduced-space optimal interpolation procedure, followed by superposition of quality-improved gridded observations onto the reconstructions to restore local detail. The sea ice fields are made more homogeneous by compensating satellite microwave-based sea ice concentrations for the impact of surface melt effects on retrievals in the Arctic and for algorithm deficiencies in the Antarctic and by making the historical in situ concentrations consistent with the satellite data. SSTs near sea ice are estimated using statistical relationships between SST and sea ice concentration. HadISST1 compares well with other published analyses, capturing trends in global, hemispheric, and regional SST well, containing SST fields with more uniform variance through time and better month-to-month persistence than those in GISST. HadMAT1 is more consistent with SST and with collocated land surface air temperatures than previous NMAT data sets. AU - Rayner, N. A. AU - Parker, D. E. AU - Horton, E. B. AU - Folland, C. K. AU - Alexander, L. V. AU - Rowell, D. P. AU - Kent, E. C. AU - Kaplan, A. DO - 10.1029/2002JD002670 IS - D14 PY - 2003 SP - 4407 ST - Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres TI - Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century VL - 108 ID - 26380 ER - TY - WEB AU - U.S. Federal Government CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Global Change Research Program PY - 2017 ST - U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit: A Record of Change: Science and Elder Observations on the Navajo Nation [web site] TI - U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit: A Record of Change: Science and Elder Observations on the Navajo Nation [web site] UR - https://toolkit.climate.gov/videos/record-change-science-and-elder-observations-navajo-nation ID - 26381 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reichmuth, David S. AU - Lutz, Andrew E. AU - Manley, Dawn K. AU - Keller, Jay O. DA - 2013/01/24/ DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.10.047 IS - 2 KW - Greenhouse gas emissions Biofuels Renewable hydrogen PY - 2013 SN - 0360-3199 SP - 1200-1208 ST - Comparison of the technical potential for hydrogen, battery electric, and conventional light-duty vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum consumption in the United States T2 - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy TI - Comparison of the technical potential for hydrogen, battery electric, and conventional light-duty vehicles to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and petroleum consumption in the United States VL - 38 ID - 26382 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Six decades of observations at 20 coastal airports, from Alaska to southern California, reveal coherent interannual to interdecadal variation of coastal low cloudiness (CLC) from summer to summer over this broad region. The leading mode of CLC variability represents coherent variation, accounting for nearly 40% of the total CLC variance spanning 1950–2012. This leading mode and the majority of individual airports exhibit decreased low cloudiness from the earlier to the later part of the record. Exploring climatic controls on CLC, we identify North Pacific Sea Surface Temperature anomalies, largely in the form of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) as well correlated with, and evidently helping to organize, the coherent patterns of summer coastal cloud variability. Links from the PDO to summer CLC appear a few months in advance of the summer. These associations hold up consistently in interannual and interdecadal frequencies. AU - Schwartz, Rachel E. AU - Gershunov, Alexander AU - Iacobellis, Sam F. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. DO - 10.1002/2014GL059825 IS - 9 PY - 2014 SP - 3307-3314 ST - North American west coast summer low cloudiness: Broadscale variability associated with sea surface temperature T2 - Geophysical Research Letters TI - North American west coast summer low cloudiness: Broadscale variability associated with sea surface temperature VL - 41 ID - 26383 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Shilling, Fraser AU - Negrette, April AU - Biondini, Lori AU - Cardenas, Susana CY - Davis, CA PB - University of California-Davis PY - 2014 SP - 48 ST - California Tribes Fish-Use: Final Report TI - California Tribes Fish-Use: Final Report UR - https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/mercury/docs/tribes_%20fish_use.pdf ID - 26384 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Solander, Kurt C. AU - Bennett, Katrina E. AU - Middleton, Richard S. DA - 2017/08/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.ejrh.2017.05.004 KW - Streamflow Extremes Mann-Kendall trend analysis Generalized Extreme Value Snowmelt Colorado River Basin PY - 2017 SN - 2214-5818 SP - 363-377 ST - Shifts in historical streamflow extremes in the Colorado River Basin T2 - Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies TI - Shifts in historical streamflow extremes in the Colorado River Basin VL - 12 ID - 26385 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - State of California CY - Sacramento, CA PB - California Legislative Information PY - 2006 SN - Assembly Bill No. 32 TI - California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 UR - https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=200520060AB32 ID - 26386 ER - TY - RPRT AU - SNWA CY - Las Vegas, NV PB - Southern Nevada Water Authority (SNWA) PY - 2017 SP - 56 ST - 2017 Water Resources Plan TI - 2017 Water Resources Plan UR - https://www.snwa.com/assets/pdf/water-resource-plan.pdf ID - 26387 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CARB CY - Sacramento, CA PB - California Air Resources Board (CARB) PY - 2018 SP - 20 ST - California Greenhouse Gas Emissions for 2000 to 2016: Trends of Emissions and Other Indicators TI - California Greenhouse Gas Emissions for 2000 to 2016: Trends of Emissions and Other Indicators UR - https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/pubs/reports/2000_2016/ghg_inventory_trends_00-16.pdf ID - 26388 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of the Interior PY - 1999 SP - [52] ST - 29th Annual Report and 2000 Annual Operating Plan for Colorado River System Reservoirs TI - 29th Annual Report and 2000 Annual Operating Plan for Colorado River System Reservoirs UR - https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g4000/aop/AOP00.pdf ID - 26389 ER - TY - RPRT AU - U.S. Bureau of Land Management AU - U.S. Department of Energy CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Energy PY - 2012 SN - DOE/EIS-0403 SP - various ST - Solar Energy Development in Six Southwestern States (AZ, CA, CO, NV, NM, and UT): Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement TI - Solar Energy Development in Six Southwestern States (AZ, CA, CO, NV, NM, and UT): Final Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement UR - https://www.energy.gov/nepa/downloads/eis-0403-final-programmatic-environmental-impact-statement ID - 26390 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of the Interior PY - 2017 SP - 34 ST - Annual operating plan for Colorado River reservoirs 2018 TI - Annual operating plan for Colorado River reservoirs 2018 UR - https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/g4000/aop/AOP18.pdf ID - 26391 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vogel, Jason AU - McNie, Elizabeth AU - Behar, David DA - 2016/09/01/ DO - 10.1016/j.cliser.2016.06.003 KW - Actionable science Co-production Climate model information Water resources management Vulnerability assessment PY - 2016 SN - 2405-8807 SP - 30-40 ST - Co-producing actionable science for water utilities T2 - Climate Services TI - Co-producing actionable science for water utilities VL - 2-3 ID - 26392 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Vogel, Jason AU - Smith, Joel AU - O'Grady, Megan AU - Flemming, Paul AU - Heyn, Kavita AU - Adams, Alison AU - Pierson, Don AU - Brooks, Keely AU - Behar, David C4 - c54bb72b-a4af-41f4-9f0a-1464f047610d CY - Las Vegas, NV PB - Water Utility Climate Alliance PY - 2015 SP - various ST - Actionable Science in Practice: Co-producing Climate Change Information for Water Utility Vulnerability Assessments TI - Actionable Science in Practice: Co-producing Climate Change Information for Water Utility Vulnerability Assessments UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280492176_Actionable_Science_in_Practice_Co-producing_Climate_Change_Information_for_Water_Utility_Vulnerability_Assessments ID - 26393 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Wildfires periodically burn large areas of chaparral and adjacent woodlands in autumn and winter in southern California. These fires often occur in conjunction with Santa Ana weather events, which combine high winds and low humidity, and tend to follow a wet winter rainy season. Because conditions fostering large fall and winter wildfires in California are the result of large-scale patterns in atmospheric circulation, the same dangerous conditions are likely to occur over a wide area at the same time. Furthermore, over a century of watershed reserve management and fire suppression have promoted fuel accumulations, helping to shape one of the most conflagration-prone environments in the world [Pyne, 1997]. Combined with a complex topography and a large human population, southern Californian ecology and climate pose a considerable physical and societal challenge to fire management. AU - Westerling, Anthony L. AU - Cayan, Daniel R. AU - Brown, Timothy J. AU - Hall, Beth L. AU - Riddle, Laurence G. DO - 10.1029/2004EO310001 IS - 31 PY - 2004 SP - 289-296 ST - Climate, Santa Ana Winds and autumn wildfires in southern California T2 - Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union TI - Climate, Santa Ana Winds and autumn wildfires in southern California VL - 85 ID - 26394 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Willliams, Thomas H. AU - Spence, Brian C. AU - Boughton, David A. AU - Johnson, Rachel C. AU - Crozier, Lisa G. AU - Mantua, Nathan J. AU - O’Farrell, Michael R. AU - Lindley, Steven T. CY - La Jolla, CA DO - 10.7289/V5/TM-SWFSC-564 PB - NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service PY - 2016 SN - NOAA-TM-NMFS-SWFSC-564 SP - 152 ST - Viability Assessment for Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Listed Under the Endangered Species Act: Southwest TI - Viability Assessment for Pacific Salmon and Steelhead Listed Under the Endangered Species Act: Southwest ID - 26395 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Xcel Energy CY - s.l. PB - Xcel Energy Inc. PY - 2017 SN - CPUC Proceeding No. 16A-0396E SP - 11 ST - Public Service Company of Colorado: 2016 Electric Resource Plan. 2017 All Source Solicitation 30-Day Report. (Public Version) TI - Public Service Company of Colorado: 2016 Electric Resource Plan. 2017 All Source Solicitation 30-Day Report. (Public Version) UR - https://cdn.arstechnica.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Proceeding-No.-16A-0396E_PUBLIC-30-Day-Report_FINAL_CORRECTED-REDACTION.pdf ID - 26396 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is likely to affect the generation of energy from California’s high-elevation hydropower systems. To investigate these impacts, this study formulates a linear programming model of an 11-reservoir hydroelectric system operated by the Sacramento Municipal Utility District in the Upper American River basin. Four sets of hydrologic scenarios are developed using the Variable Infiltration Capacity model combined with climatic output from two general circulation models under two greenhouse-gas emissions scenarios. Power generation and revenues fall under two of the four climate change scenarios, as a consequence of drier hydrologic conditions. Energy generation is primarily limited by annual volume of streamflow, and is affected more than revenues, reflecting the ability of the system to store water when energy prices are low for use when prices are high (July through September). Power generation and revenues increase for two of the scenarios, which predict wetter hydrologic conditions. In this case, power generation increases more than revenues indicating that the system is using most of its available capacity under current hydrologic conditions. Hydroelectric systems located in basins with hydrograph centroids occuring close to summer months (July through September) are likely to be affected by the changes in hydrologic timing associated with climate change (e.g., earlier snowmelts and streamflows) if the systems lack sufficient storage capacity. High Sierra hydroelectric systems with sufficiently large storage capacity should not be affected by climate-induced changes in hydrologic timing. AU - Vicuna, S. AU - Leonardson, R. AU - Hanemann, M. W. AU - Dale, L. L. AU - Dracup, J. A. DA - March 01 DO - 10.1007/s10584-007-9365-x IS - 1 LB - Vicuna2008 M3 - journal article PY - 2008 SN - 1573-1480 SP - 123-137 ST - Climate change impacts on high elevation hydropower generation in California’s Sierra Nevada: A case study in the Upper American River T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change impacts on high elevation hydropower generation in California’s Sierra Nevada: A case study in the Upper American River VL - 87 ID - 26397 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The association between ambient temperature and morbidity has been explored previously. However, the association between temperature and mental health-related outcomes, including violence and self-harm, remains relatively unexamined. For the period 2005–2013, we obtained daily counts of mental health-related emergency room visits involving injuries with an external cause for 16 California climate zones from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development and combined them with data on mean apparent temperature, a combination of temperature and humidity. Using Poisson regression models, we estimated climate zone-level associations and then used random-effects meta-analyses to produce overall estimates. Analyses were stratified by season (warm: May–October; cold: November–April), race/ethnicity, and age. During the warm season, a 10°F (5.6°C) increase in same-day mean apparent temperature was associated with 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6, 6.0), 5.8% (95% CI: 4.5, 7.1), and 7.9% (95% CI: 7.3, 8.4) increases in the risk of emergency room visits for mental health disorders, self-injury/suicide, and intentional injury/homicide, respectively. High temperatures during the cold season were also positively associated with these outcomes. Variations were observed by race/ethnicity, age group, and sex, with Hispanics, whites, persons aged 6–18 years, and females being at greatest risk for most outcomes. Increasing mean apparent temperature was found to have acute associations with mental health outcomes and intentional injuries, and these findings warrant further study in other locations. AU - Basu, Rupa AU - Gavin, Lyndsay AU - Pearson, Dharshani AU - Ebisu, Keita AU - Malig, Brian DO - 10.1093/aje/kwx295 IS - 4 PY - 2018 SN - 0002-9262 SP - 726-735 ST - Examining the association between apparent temperature and mental health-related emergency room visits in California T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - Examining the association between apparent temperature and mental health-related emergency room visits in California VL - 187 ID - 26398 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Trent, R. B. CY - Sacramento, CA PB - California Department of Public Health PY - 2007 SP - 10 ST - Review of July 2006 heat wave related fatalities in California TI - Review of July 2006 heat wave related fatalities in California ID - 26399 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bureau of Reclamation CY - Denver, CO PB - U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Technical Service Center PY - 2016 SN - Technical Memorandum No. 86-68210-2016-01 SP - 140 ST - West-Wide Climate Risk Assessment: Hydroclimate Projections TI - West-Wide Climate Risk Assessment: Hydroclimate Projections UR - https://www.usbr.gov/climate/secure/docs/2016secure/wwcra-hydroclimateprojections.pdf ID - 26400 ER - TY - ANCIENT AU - Maldonado, Julie AU - Powell, Dana CY - Santa Fe, NM DA - March 28 PB - LiKEN Knowledge PY - 2017 SP - 18 ST - Just Environmental and Climate Pathways: Knowledge Exchange among Community Organizers, Scholar-Activists, Citizen-Scientists and Artists T2 - Society for Applied Anthropology Annual Meeting TI - Just Environmental and Climate Pathways: Knowledge Exchange among Community Organizers, Scholar-Activists, Citizen-Scientists and Artists UR - http://likenknowledge.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Climate-Pathways-Workshop-Report_Santa-Fe_March-2017.pdf ID - 26401 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DOE CY - Washington, DC PB - U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) PY - 2017 SP - 84 ST - U.S. Energy and Employment Report TI - U.S. Energy and Employment Report UR - https://www.energy.gov/downloads/2017-us-energy-and-employment-report ID - 26402 ER - TY - CONF AU - Wotkyns, Susan CY - Flagstaff, AZ DA - September 13-14 PB - Northern Arizona University PY - 2011 SP - 31 ST - Workshop Report T2 - Southwest Tribal Climate Change Workshop TI - Workshop Report UR - https://www7.nau.edu/itep/main/tcc/docs/resources/SWTCCWrkshpReport_12-15-11.pdf ID - 26403 ER - TY - WEB AU - California Energy Commission CY - Sacramento, CA PY - 2018 ST - California electrical energy generation [web site] TI - California electrical energy generation [web site] UR - http://www.energy.ca.gov/almanac/electricity_data/electricity_generation.html. ID - 26404 ER - TY - WEB AU - NCSL CY - Washington, DC PB - National Conference of State Legislatures PY - 2018 ST - State Renewable Portfolio Standards and Goals [web page] TI - State Renewable Portfolio Standards and Goals [web page] UR - http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/renewable-portfolio-standards.aspx ID - 26405 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Young, Kristina E. AU - Grover, Henry S. AU - Bowker, Matthew A. DO - 10.1111/nph.13910 IS - 1 PY - 2016 SP - 18-22 ST - Altering biocrusts for an altered climate T2 - New Phytologist TI - Altering biocrusts for an altered climate VL - 210 ID - 26407 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Survey, U. S. Geological AU - Dieter, Cheryl A. AU - Maupin, Molly A. AU - Caldwell, Rodney R. AU - Harris, Melissa A. AU - Ivahnenko, Tamara I. AU - Lovelace, John K. AU - Barber, Nancy L. AU - Linsey, Kristin S. CY - Reston, VA DB - USGS Publications Warehouse DO - 10.3133/cir1441 LA - English M3 - Report PY - 2018 SN - 1441 SP - 76 ST - Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2015 T2 - Circular TI - Estimated Use of Water in the United States in 2015 ID - 26408 ER - TY - WEB AU - NASDAQ CY - New York, NY PY - 2018 ST - NASDAQ Stock Exchange TI - NASDAQ Stock Exchange UR - https://www.nasdaq.com ID - 26730 ER - TY - RPRT AU - California Energy Commission CY - Sacramento, CA PY - 2018 SP - 32 ST - California Energy Commission: Tracking Progress TI - California Energy Commission: Tracking Progress UR - https://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf ID - 26732 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Nydick, Koren AU - National Park Service CY - Three Rivers, CA PB - Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks PY - 2017 SP - 104 ST - A Climate-Smart Resource Stewardship Strategy for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks TI - A Climate-Smart Resource Stewardship Strategy for Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks UR - https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/DownloadFile/588239 ID - 26740 ER -